Effect of The Orientation of The Magnetic Field on The Giant Magnetoresistance of Fe/Cr Superlattices

1995 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Ustinov ◽  
V.I. Minin ◽  
L.N. Romashev ◽  
A.B. Semerikov ◽  
A.R. Del
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Magnetization Curve ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
Arbitrary Orientation ◽  
Strength Dependence ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACTWe study the magnetoresistance of [Fe/Cr]30/MgO superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy at a various magnetic field directions. The theory of the orientation dependence of the effect is developed. It is shown that the magnetic field strength dependence of magnetoresistance can be calculated for arbitrary orientation of magnetic field if this dependence is known for in-plane and perpendicular-to-plane magnetic fields. It is noted that the magnetization curve can be obtained by making use of the results of the magnetoresistance measurements.

scholarly journals The Origin of SO2 Afterglows as Revealed by Magnetic Field Effects

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 223-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruo Abe
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Magnetic Field Effect ◽  
Magnetic Field Effects ◽  
Chemiluminescence Intensity ◽  
Pressure Diffusion ◽  
Strength Dependence ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The chemiluminescence intensity in the low pressure diffusion flame of the CS2 + O/N2 system was found to be considerably affected by external magnetic fields. The emitter in the flame was identified as the main emitter in the SO2 afterglow. The measurements of the field strength dependence, collisional effect, and spectral distribution of the magnetic field effect revealed the major emitter as the SO2 in the C˜ state. External magnetic fields were also found to quench fluorescence remarkably emitted from the vibronic levels just below the predissociation threshold in the C˜ state. From the observed vibrational-level, field-strength, and pressure dependences of the magnetic quenching, it became evident that the major emitter of chemiluminescence in the flame could be assigned to the SO2 molecule in the vibronic levels located at about 800 cm–1 below the predissociation threshold in the C˜ state

On the Configuration of the Magnetic Field of β CrB

1976 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 613-622
Author(s):  
I.A. Aslanov ◽  
Yu.S. Rustamov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Field Variation ◽  
Magnetic Field Variation ◽  
Secular Variations ◽  
The Magnetic Field

SummaryMeasurements of the radial velocities and magnetic field strength of β CrB were carried out. It is shown that there is a variability with the rotation period different for various elements. The curve of the magnetic field variation measured from lines of 5 different elements: FeI, CrI, CrII, TiII, ScII and CaI has a complex shape specific for each element. This may be due to the presence of magnetic spots on the stellar surface. A comparison with the radial velocity curves suggests the presence of a least 4 spots of Ti and Cr coinciding with magnetic spots. A change of the magnetic field with optical depth is shown. The curve of the Heffvariation with the rotation period is given. A possibility of secular variations of the magnetic field is shown.

Magnetic field strength dependence of chemical shift artifacts

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Lufkin ◽  
M. Anselmo ◽  
J. Crues ◽  
W. Smoker ◽  
W. Hanafee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Strength Dependence

scholarly journals Effect of Magnetic Field on the Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Water–Ethylene Glycol-Based Fe3O4 and Fe3O4–MWCNT Nanofluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4683
Author(s):  
Areum Lee ◽  
Chinnasamy Veerakumar ◽  
Honghyun Cho
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Convective Heat Transfer ◽  
Convective Heat ◽  
Hybrid Nanofluid ◽  
Forced Convective Heat Transfer ◽  
The Magnetic Field

This paper discusses the forced convective heat transfer characteristics of water–ethylene glycol (EG)-based Fe3O4 nanofluid and Fe3O4–MWCNT hybrid nanofluid under the effect of a magnetic field. The results indicated that the convective heat transfer coefficient of magnetic nanofluids increased with an increase in the strength of the magnetic field. When the magnetic field strength was varied from 0 to 750 G, the maximum convective heat transfer coefficients were observed for the 0.2 wt% Fe3O4 and 0.1 wt% Fe3O4–MWNCT nanofluids, and the improvements were approximately 2.78% and 3.23%, respectively. The average pressure drops for 0.2 wt% Fe3O4 and 0.2 wt% Fe3O4–MWNCT nanofluids increased by about 4.73% and 5.23%, respectively. Owing to the extensive aggregation of nanoparticles by the external magnetic field, the heat transfer coefficient of the 0.1 wt% Fe3O4–MWNCT hybrid nanofluid was 5% higher than that of the 0.2 wt% Fe3O4 nanofluid. Therefore, the convective heat transfer can be enhanced by the dispersion stability of the nanoparticles and optimization of the magnetic field strength.

scholarly journals The effects of magnetic field strength on the properties of wind generated from hot accretion flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 615 ◽  
pp. A35 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Fu Bu ◽  
Amin Mosallanezhad
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Magnetic Pressure ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Accretion Flow ◽  
Accretion Flows ◽  
Black Hole Accretion ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Context. Observations indicate that wind can be generated in hot accretion flow. Wind generated from weakly magnetized accretion flow has been studied. However, the properties of wind generated from strongly magnetized hot accretion flow have not been studied. Aims. In this paper, we study the properties of wind generated from both weakly and strongly magnetized accretion flow. We focus on how the magnetic field strength affects the wind properties. Methods. We solve steady-state two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equations of black hole accretion in the presence of a largescale magnetic field. We assume self-similarity in radial direction. The magnetic field is assumed to be evenly symmetric with the equatorial plane. Results. We find that wind exists in both weakly and strongly magnetized accretion flows. When the magnetic field is weak (magnetic pressure is more than two orders of magnitude smaller than gas pressure), wind is driven by gas pressure gradient and centrifugal forces. When the magnetic field is strong (magnetic pressure is slightly smaller than gas pressure), wind is driven by gas pressure gradient and magnetic pressure gradient forces. The power of wind in the strongly magnetized case is just slightly larger than that in the weakly magnetized case. The power of wind lies in a range PW ~ 10−4–10−3 Ṁinc2, with Ṁin and c being mass inflow rate and speed of light, respectively. The possible role of wind in active galactic nuclei feedback is briefly discussed.

Magnetorheological fluid based on amorphous Fe-Si-B alloy magnetic particles

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110643
Author(s):  
Chuncheng Yang ◽  
Zhong Liu ◽  
Xiangyu Pei ◽  
Cuiling Jin ◽  
Mengchun Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Rheological Property ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Magnetorheological Fluid ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Amorphous Particle ◽  
Better Than

Magnetorheological fluids (MRFs) based on amorphous Fe-Si-B alloy magnetic particles were prepared. The influence of annealing treatment on stability and rheological property of MRFs was investigated. The saturation magnetization ( Ms) of amorphous Fe-Si-B particles after annealing at 550°C is 131.5 emu/g, which is higher than that of amorphous Fe-Si-B particles without annealing. Moreover, the stability of MRF with annealed amorphous Fe-Si-B particles is better than that of MRF without annealed amorphous Fe-Si-B particles. Stearic acid at 3 wt% was added to the MRF2 to enhance the fluid stability to greater than 90%. In addition, the rheological properties demonstrate that the prepared amorphous particle MRF shows relatively strong magnetic responsiveness, especially when the magnetic field strength reaches 365 kA/m. As the magnetic field intensified, the yield stress increased dramatically and followed the Herschel-Bulkley model.

COMPARISON OF CARDIAC MAGNETIC FIELD DISTRIBUTIONS DURING DEPOLARIZATION AND REPOLARIZATION

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3783-3789 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. SMITH ◽  
P. LANGLEY ◽  
L. TRAHMS ◽  
U. STEINHOFF ◽  
J. P. BOURKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Magnetic Field Distribution ◽  
T Wave ◽  
High Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Multichannel magnetocardiography measures the magnetic field distribution of the human heart noninvasively from many sites over the body surface. Multichannel magnetocardiogram (MCG) analysis enables regional temporal differences in the distribution of cardiac magnetic field strength during depolarization and repolarization to be identified, allowing estimation of the global and local inhomogeneity of the cardiac activation process. The aim of this study was to compare the spatial distribution of cardiac magnetic field strength during ventricular depolarization and repolarization in both normal subjects and patients with cardiac abnormalities, obtaining amplitude measurements by magnetocardiography. MCGs were recorded at 49 sites over the heart from three normal subjects and two patients with inverted T-wave conditions. The magnetic field intensity during depolarization and repolarization was measured automatically for each channel and displayed spatially as contour maps. A Pearson correlation was used to determine the spatial relationship between the variables. For normal subjects, magnetic field strength maps during depolarization (R-wave) showed two asymmetric regions of magnetic field strength with a high positive value in the lower half of the chest and a high negative value above this. The regions of high R-wave amplitude corresponded spatially to concentrated asymmetric regions of high magnetic field strength during repolarization (T-wave). Pearson-r correlation coefficients of 0.7 (p<0.01), 0.8 (p<0.01) and 0.9 (p<0.01) were obtained from this analysis for the three normal subjects. A negative correlation coefficient of -0.7 (p<0.01) was obtained for one of the subjects with inverted T-wave abnormalities, suggesting similar but inverted magnetic field and current distributions to normal subjects. Even with the high correlation values in these four subjects, the MCG was able to identify differences in the distribution of magnetic field strength, with a shift in the T-wave relative to the R-wave. The measurement of cardiac magnetic field distribution during depolarization and repolarization of normal subjects and patients with clinical abnormalities should enable the improvement of theoretical models for the explanation of the cardiac depolarization and repolarization processes.

scholarly journals Transport of hyperpolarized samples in dissolution-DNP experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (25) ◽  
pp. 13696-13705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey S. Kiryutin ◽  
Bogdan A. Rodin ◽  
Alexandra V. Yurkovskaya ◽  
Konstantin L. Ivanov ◽  
Dennis Kurzbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization ◽  
Nuclear Polarization ◽  
Sample Transfer ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization

The magnetic field strength during sample transfer in dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization influences the resulting spectra.

scholarly journals Comparison of human brain metabolite levels using 1H MRS at 1.5T and 3.0T

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Fernandes Paiva ◽  
Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy ◽  
Ricardo de Oliveira-Souza ◽  
Jorge Moll ◽  
Ivanei Edson Bramati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
1H Mrs ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Expected Benefits ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACT Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the human brain has proven to be a useful technique in several neurological and psychiatric disorders and benefits from higher field scanners as signal intensity and spectral resolution are proportional to the magnetic field strength. Objective: To investigate the effects of the magnetic field on the measurement of brain metabolites in a typical routine clinical setting. Methods: Single voxel spectra were acquired from the posterior cingulate cortex in 26 healthy subjects. Each subject was scanned consecutively at 1.5T and 3.0T in a randomly distributed order. Results: SNR and peak width improvements were observed at higher fields. However, SNR improvement was lower than the theoretical two-fold improvement. Other than the values obtained for creatine (Cre) and myo-Inositol (mI), which were both higher at 3.0T, all metabolite concentrations obtained were roughly the same at both field strengths. All the metabolite concentrations were estimated with a Cramer Rao lower bounds (CRLB) lower than 15% of the calculated concentrations. Conclusions: Even though the present study supports the expected benefits of higher field strength for MRS, there are several factors that can lead to different quantitative results when comparing 1.5T to 3.0T MRS. Future comparative studies are necessary to refine the metabolite thresholds for early detection and quantification of distinct neurological and psychiatric disorders using 3.0T MRS.

Zero-Field Level Crossing in the Helium Atom

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. T. Chien ◽  
R. E. Bardsley ◽  
F. W. Dalby
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Magnetic Field Strength ◽  
Helium Atom ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Zero Field ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Field Level ◽  
Collision Cross Sections ◽  
The Magnetic Field

Zero-field level-crossing techniques have been used to measure some upper-state lifetimes of the helium atom. The half-widths of curves obtained by plotting the polarization against the magnetic field strength for the n1D–21D transitions yielded lifetimes of 2.03 × 10−8 s for the 31D state, 3.36 × 10−8 s for the 41D state, and 7.44 × 10−8 s for the 51D state. Collision cross sections for these 1D levels were also determined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document