In-Situ Quality Control of the Production of Semiconductor Devices by Microwave Photoconductivity Measurements

1992 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Swiatkowski ◽  
A. Sanders ◽  
M. Kunst ◽  
G. Seidelmann ◽  
C. Haffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Semiconductor Devices ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Transient Photoconductivity

ABSTRACTThe application of transient photoconductivity measurements in the microwave frequency range to the characterization of semiconductors and semiconductor devices is analyzed. Quality control and in-situ optimization are discussed from a more general point of view and as a concrete example the optimization of the deposition of amorphous silicon films is presented.

Microwave Photoconductivity Measurements to Characterize Semiconductors

1990 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Devices ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Characterization Techniques ◽  
Transient Photoconductivity

ABSTRACTAfter a general survey of characterization techniques the use of transient photoconductivity measurements in the microwave frequency range for the characterization of semiconductors and semiconductor devices for (opto)electronic applications is treated. Experimental details and applications of these measurements are given.

Characterization Of Thin Semiconductor Films For (Opto)Electronic Applications

1996 ◽  
Vol 430 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Elmiger ◽  
H. Feist ◽  
M. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Semiconductor Films ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Transient Photoconductivity ◽  
Simple Set ◽  
Thin Semiconductor ◽  
Effective Mobility ◽  
Set Up

AbstractA simple set-up to measure the transient photoconductivity in the microwave frequency range is presented. The effective mobility is derived from the end of pulse transient photoconductivity. This can be used for the characterization of semiconductor films. Examples of measurements on a-Si:H films are given.

Processing of Silicon Wafers Followed by Microwave Photoconductivity Measurements

1990 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sanders ◽  
H. Wetzel ◽  
M. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Single Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Transient Photoconductivity

ABSTRACTThe characterization of single crystalline silicon wafers for application in (opto)electronic devices by transient photoconductivity measurements is investigated. To this aim is the transient photoconductivity in Si wafers after different treatments determined by the Time Resolved Microwave Conductivity ( TRMC ) method. This technique is non-evasive and contactless and so in-situ measurements are possible. Application of TRMC measurements for process control and quality control of relevant process steps in the production of (opto)electronic devices is discussed in view of the experimental results presented.

scholarly journals In Situ Dispersive EXAFS in Electrocatalysis: The Investigation of the Local Structure of IrOxin Chronoamperometric Conditions as a Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Achilli ◽  
Alessandro Minguzzi ◽  
Ottavio Lugaresi ◽  
Cristina Locatelli ◽  
Sandra Rondinini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Electrochemical Processes ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Short Range Structure

An in situ study with dispersive EXAFS (Extended X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy) at the Ir-LIIIedge is performed to characterize Electrodeposited Iridium Oxide Films (EIROF) under chronoamperometric conditions. The technique monitors the local chemical environment and electronic structure of iridium during the oxidation of Ir(III) to Ir(IV) with a time resolution of milliseconds. The study is performed in both acidic and basic media. The Fourier transforms of the time-resolved EXAFS signals clearly show that the short-range structure of Ir is similar to that of rutile-type IrO2and is maintained during the reaction, thus accounting for the flexibility of the structure of the electrode material in accommodating different oxidation states. From a more general point of view, the work demonstrates the capabilities of in situ experiments based on state-of-the-art dispersive EXAFS in clarifying the mechanistic aspects of electrochemical processes.

scholarly journals From Fibonacci Sequence to the Golden Ratio

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Fiorenza ◽  
Giovanni Vincenzi
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Polynomial ◽  
Golden Ratio ◽  
Fibonacci Sequence ◽  
Maximum Modulus ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
Constant Coefficients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Perspective

We consider the well-known characterization of the Golden ratio as limit of the ratio of consecutive terms of the Fibonacci sequence, and we give an explanation of this property in the framework of the Difference Equations Theory. We show that the Golden ratio coincides with this limit not because it is the root with maximum modulus and multiplicity of the characteristic polynomial, but, from a more general point of view, because it is the root with maximum modulus and multiplicity of a restricted set of roots, which in this special case coincides with the two roots of the characteristic polynomial. This new perspective is the heart of the characterization of the limit of ratio of consecutive terms of all linear homogeneous recurrences with constant coefficients, without any assumption on the roots of the characteristic polynomial, which may be, in particular, also complex and not real.

Volume Averaged Equations for Mass Transport and Reaction for In-Situ Combustion

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos G. Aguilar-Madera ◽  
Octavio Cazarez-Candia ◽  
Francisco J. Valdés-Parada
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transport ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Volume Averaging ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Averaged Equations

Abstract In-situ combustion (ISC) is an oil recovery technique where many phenomena can take place simultaneously such as: chemical reactions, phase change, heat transfer, mass transport, thermodynamic equilibrium, and so on. Each one of these phenomena may have important contributions over the ISC behavior at any scale of interest as lab-scale, inter-wells or reservoir-scale. In this work, a mass transport study is presented. Firstly, the appropriate phase and interface governing equations at pore-scale are set up. Later, the volume averaged equations valid at macroscale are rigorously derived using the volume averaging method (VAM). The theoretical analysis is general and applies for typical oil-water-gas-rock systems found in petroleum reservoirs, and for any number of chemical species distributed in the phases. The model also allows the existence of several heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions. From this general point of view, the volume averaged equations governing species and phase mass transport at macroscale, along its closure scheme to predict the effective transport parameters, are presented. We have clearly identified the length scale constraints and assumptions that support our derivations. In future works, we shall expand the range of applicability of the model by relaxing some of these assumptions. To demonstrate the applicability of the average models, we numerically predicted the longitudinal mass dispersion of oxygen for passive and reactive mass transport problems at lab-scale. The general trends of theoretical results are in concordance with previous works.

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