Extruded Wood-Flour Polypropylene Composites: Effect of a Maleated Polypropylene Coupling Agent on Filler-Matrix Bonding and Properties

1990 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Myers ◽  
Paul C. Kolosick ◽  
Ichwan S. Chahyadi ◽  
Camden A. Coberly ◽  
James A. Koutsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Wood Veneer ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene ◽  
Bonding Area ◽  
Peel Force ◽  
Full Factorial

ABSTRACTFull factorial studies were conducted to determine the effects of a coupling agent (a low molecular weight maleated polypropylene (MAPP)) and other composition and processing variables on the mechanical properties of a wood-flour-filled polypropylene (PP) composite. Effects of MAPP on the bonding between PP and wood veneer were also examined. At less than 1 percent by weight, MAPP produced useful increases in strength and modulus properties of the composite, and this effect was somewhat enhanced by small-particle-size wood flour and multiple extrusions. However, MAPP caused small losses in notched impact energy. High extrusion temperature (190°C to 250°C) had little influence on strength, but it decreased notched impact energy. Peel force between PP and wood veneer was increased by pretreatment with MAPP for aspen, but not for birch, aspen being more porous than birch. The effectiveness of MAPP may therefore be related to its ability to penetrate the wood and form a strongly held hydrophobic layer that is attractive to the PP, thereby increasing both the effective bonding area and mechanical interlocking.

Effects of Several Ingredient Variables on Mechanical Properties of Wood Fiber-Polyolefin Composites Blended in a Thermokinetic Mixer

1992 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gonzalez ◽  
C. M. Clemons ◽  
G. E. Myers ◽  
T. M. Harten
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene ◽  
Pure Cellulose ◽  
Dispersing Agent ◽  
Equivalent Strength ◽  
Fibrous Fillers

AbstractWe examined the influence of several variables on the mechanical properties of wood fiber-polyolefin composites blended in a thermokinetic mixer. A pure cellulose fiber and fibers from old newspaper provided similar performance in matrices of virgin polypropylene or recycled milk bottles (high density polyethylene). Relative to wood flour, these fibrous fillers led to greater strength and modulus with both plastics, to lower impact energy with polyethylene, and to similar impact energy with polypropylene. Compared with the existing commercial wood flour-polypropylene system, the totally recycled polyethylene-newspaper composite provided equivalent strength and modulus, along with greater notched impact energy. Little difference was seen in composites containing a maleated polypropylene additive in the form of the solid anhydride or the emulsified potassium salt, indicating that the additive acted as a dispersing agent and not as a strong coupling agent.

Polypropylene Crystallization on Maleated Polypropylene-Treated Wood Surfaces: Effects on Interfacial Adhesion in Wood Polypropylene Composites

1992 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Kolosick ◽  
George E. Myers ◽  
James A. Koutsky
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Model System ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Wood Veneer ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene ◽  
Peel Adhesion ◽  
Wood Surfaces

AbstractPolypropylene (PP)-wood veneer laminates were used as a model system to investigate adhesion in wood-polypropylene composites. Wood veneers were treated with maleated polypropylene waxes (MA-PP). PP films were then compression molded to the wood surfaces and peel forces were measured.Low MA-PP treatment levels increased the peel adhesion over that for untreated surfaces. High MA-PP treatment levels decreased the peel adhesion and intermediate MA-PP levels had no effect on the peel adhesion. Microscopy of the fracture surfaces indicated PP penetration into lumens in both treated and untreated wood veneer. Untreated surfaces also exhibited PP penetration into pits and intercellular spaces, while treated surfaces exhibited only hindered penetration on this scale. The penetrated PP formed tendrils during fracture. DSC of PP on wood and cellulose surfaces showed higher PP crystallization temperatures on untreated surfaces than on treated surfaces.

Effect of maleated polypropylene as coupling agent for polypropylene composites reinforced with hemp strands

2006 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Mutjé ◽  
M. E. Vallejos ◽  
J. Gironès ◽  
F. Vilaseca ◽  
A. López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Maleated Polypropylene
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