Polyaluminum Hydroxychloride Application in Neutral pH Rosin Sizing of Paper

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-197-273 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Barbara H. Wortley ◽

Joe C. Steelhammer

Keyword(s):

General Formula ◽

Bonding Agents ◽

Production Methods ◽

Process Kinetics ◽

Paper Making ◽

Neutral Ph ◽

Retention Aids ◽

Drainage Aids ◽

System Operating

ABSTRACTCommonly referred to as PAC, a series of polyhydroxide chlorides of aluminum with the general formula Aln(OH)mCl3n−m are being increasingly used as rosin size bonding agents, drainage aids and retention aids in papermaking.The manufacturing route chosen, the process kinetics and degree of neutralization affect the product produced and its reactions in the paper-making system. Production methods and procedures for quantifying the products produced are described.Dispersed rosin size and PAC can be applied to a papermaking system operating at pH 6 to 7.3.Sizing specifications are met and paper with non-slip characteristics, good machine glaze surface and printability is produced.

Download Full-text

Paper Making Furnish as a Composite Blend. Some Wet End Interactions among Furnish Ingredients

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-197-259 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 197 ◽

Author(s):

Joseph Marton

Keyword(s):

Strength Loss ◽

Accessible Surface Area ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Fiber Network ◽

Cellulosic Fibers ◽

Paper Making ◽

Fibrous Network ◽

Retention Aids ◽

Accessible Surface ◽

End Use

ABSTRACTC.A. Hogart defined paper as “a random bonded fibrous network carrying filler material“. A few thoughts related to this definition and pertaining to paper composites are presented.A typical papermaking furnish consists of a blend of cellulosic fibers and fines, inorganic fillers and additives. Composition varies according to end use requirements. The fiber network secures desired mechanical and strength properties, fillers contribute to esthetics and good optics. Filler retention is improved by using retention aids. Strength-loss due to filler, use is compensated for, by applying strength additives.Additives applied at the wet end interact with furnish components. The surface charge, accessible surface area and composition play a role in the interactions. Some typical interactions, involving cationic starch and polyacrylamide, are discussed.

Download Full-text

Preparation of Solutions of Papermaking Wet End Chemicals Using Process Water

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1203 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 236-238 ◽

pp. 1203-1207

Author(s):

Li Hong Zhao ◽

Jian Rong Hu ◽

Bei Hai He

Keyword(s):

Fresh Water ◽

Process Water ◽

Retention Performance ◽

Paper Making ◽

Retention Aids ◽

White Water ◽

Filler Retention

In this work, the possibility of diluting chemicals using white water in paper making process instead of fresh water was discussed. The circulation water was found to be harmless to the fines and filler retention when retention aids chemicals were prepared with fresh water. The retention performance of the dual retention aids system consisting of CPAM and bentonite was determined when dissolved using white water. It was found that the dissolution of CPAM with white water from disc saveall did not have an influence on the efficiency of retention aids system, while the flocculation function of bentonite was significantly affected by the quality of white water. Moreover, the result indicated that it was feasible for fixing agent PEI to be dissolved with white water in this experiment.

Download Full-text

Hygrothermal performance of paper plaster: influence of different types of paper and production methods on moisture buffering

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202017214010 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 172 ◽

pp. 14010

Author(s):

Mihkel Soolepp ◽

Aime Ruus ◽

Nele Nutt ◽

Jane Raamets ◽

Ardo Kubjas

Keyword(s):

Drying Shrinkage ◽

Production Method ◽

Dry Density ◽

Preparation Methods ◽

Production Methods ◽

Paper Making ◽

Best Value ◽

Hygrothermal Performance ◽

Recycle Paper ◽

Moisture Buffering

Paper as a material needs a lot of input energy. Many measures have been suggested to recycle paper, but still a huge amount of it ends in landfills. Hereby, one possibility for recycling paper - making paper plaster and putting it into service in indoor environment - is introduced. The study focuses on the moisture buffering properties of paper plaster. Two questions are under consideration in this article. Firstly, how paper type and production method influence the properties (dry density, drying shrinkage) of paper plaster, and secondly, what the material moisture buffering properties of paper plaster are. The plasters for testing were made from four types of paper (printer paper, glossy paper, newsprint and book paper). The production methods used were rumpling, grinding with a shredder or special crusher (prepared for the study) and soaking the paper after that. The dry density of groups varied from approx. 240 kg/m3 to 400 kg/m3. The shrinkage properties were from 3% to 10% in diameter. To evaluate the moisture buffering ability of paper plaster, the methodology introduced in the Nordtest protocol was used. Paper plaster is an outstanding water vapour buffering material [MBV=2.23-3.91 g/(m2·%RH)] belonging to the moisture buffering class "excellent" defined by Rode [15]. From the production methods rumpling gave the best value while printer paper showed the best values from the chosen materials. The tests with glossy paper resulted in modest values. To conclude, all the paper materials and preparation methods introduced in this study can be used to make paper plaster

Download Full-text

Examination of Rabbit Fc Crystals

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100100445 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 140-141

Author(s):

J. P. Robinson ◽

P. G. Lenhert

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Flat Plate ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Asymmetric Unit ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Neutral Ph ◽

Small Crystals ◽

Carbon Coated ◽

Diffraction Patterns

Crystallographic studies of rabbit Fc using X-ray diffraction patterns were recently reported. The unit cell constants were reported to be a = 69. 2 A°, b = 73. 1 A°, c = 60. 6 A°, B = 104° 30', space group P21, monoclinic, volume of asymmetric unit V = 148, 000 A°3. The molecular weight of the fragment was determined to be 55, 000 ± 2000 which is in agreement with earlier determinations by other methods.Fc crystals were formed in water or dilute phosphate buffer at neutral pH. The resulting crystal was a flat plate as previously described. Preparations of small crystals were negatively stained by mixing the suspension with equal volumes of 2% silicotungstate at neutral pH. A drop of the mixture was placed on a carbon coated grid and allowed to stand for a few minutes. The excess liquid was removed and the grid was immediately put in the microscope.

Download Full-text