Graphene Protein Field Effect Biomedical Sensor for Glucose Measurements

2015 ◽  
Vol 1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorian Liepmann ◽  
Kiana Aran ◽  
Pulickel M. Ajayan ◽  
Sowmya Viswanathan ◽  
Pingzuo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Medical Sensors ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Biosensor Chip ◽  
Initial Results

ABSTRACTThe need for improved medical sensors based on lab-on-a-chip technologies has increased significantly because of the dramatic growth in the number of people with chronic diseases and the associated costs for their healthcare. Development and initial results of a hybrid plastic microfluidic device with an integrated graphene-protein biosensor chip for use in point-of-care (POC) is described. The initial prototype is a glucometer that uses optimized glucose oxidase bound to a graphene field effect sensor. Technologies required for development of the prototype include modification of the glucose oxidase for improved performance by protein engineering, methods to bind the enzyme to the graphene attached to the silicon oxide surface of sensor chip, and integration into a thermoplastic microfluidic device. Initial results indicate the prototype glucometer can measure glucose concentrations from low physiological levels to molar concentrations.

scholarly journals Electroosmotic flow driven microfluidic device for bacteria isolation using magnetic microbeads

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Miller ◽  
Alison A. Weiss ◽  
William R. Heineman ◽  
Rupak K. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Electroosmotic Flow ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Magnetic Microbeads ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Detection Assay ◽  
Flow Capture ◽  
Improved Performance

Abstract The presence of bacterial pathogens in water can lead to severe complications such as infection and food poisoning. This research proposes a point-of-care electroosmotic flow driven microfluidic device for rapid isolation and detection of E. coli in buffered solution (phosphate buffered saline solution). Fluorescent E. coli bound to magnetic microbeads were driven through the microfluidic device using both constant forward flow and periodic flow switching at concentrations ranging from 2 × 105 to 4 × 107 bacteria/mL. A calibration curve of fluorescent intensity as a function of bacteria concentration was created using both constant and switching flow, showing an increase in captured fluorescent pixel count as concentration increases. In addition, the use of the flow switching resulted in a significant increase in the capture efficiency of E. coli, with capture efficiencies up to 83% ± 8% as compared to the constant flow capture efficiencies (up to 39% ± 11%), with a sample size of 3 µL. These results demonstrate the improved performance associated with the use of the electroosmotic flow switching system in a point-of-care bacterial detection assay.

scholarly journals Direct and rapid measurement of hydrogen peroxide in human blood using a microfluidic device

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gaikwad ◽  
P. R. Thangaraj ◽  
A. K. Sen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Fluorescence Measurement ◽  
Rapid Measurement ◽  
Automated Method

AbstractThe levels of hydrogen peroxide ($${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 ) in human blood is of great relevance as it has emerged as an important signalling molecule in a variety of disease states. Fast and reliable measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 levels in the blood, however, continues to remain a challenge. Herein we report an automated method employing a microfluidic device for direct and rapid measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in human blood based on laser-induced fluorescence measurement. Our study delineates the critical factors that affect measurement accuracy—we found blood cells and soluble proteins significantly alter the native $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 levels in the time interval between sample withdrawal and detection. We show that separation of blood cells and subsequent dilution of the plasma with a buffer at a ratio of 1:6 inhibits the above effect, leading to reliable measurements. We demonstrate rapid measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in plasma in the concentration range of 0–49 µM, offering a limit of detection of 0.05 µM, a sensitivity of 0.60 µM−1, and detection time of 15 min; the device is amenable to the real-time measurement of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in the patient’s blood. Using the linear correlation obtained with known quantities of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 , the endogenous $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 concentration in the blood of healthy individuals is found to be in the range of 0.8–6 µM. The availability of this device at the point of care will have relevance in understanding the role of $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$ H 2 O 2 in health and disease.

A Thread/Fabric-Based Band as A Flexible and Wearable Microfluidic Device for Sweat Sensing and Monitoring

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqi Zhao ◽  
Qiujin Li ◽  
Linna Chen ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Jixian Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Biological Analytes

Flexible biosensors for monitoring systems have emerged as a promising portable diagnostics platform due to their potential for in situ point-of-care (POC) analytic devices. Assessment of biological analytes in sweat...

Improved Performance of Titanium Oxide/Silicon Oxide Electron‐Selective Contacts by Implementation of Magnesium Interlayer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Nakagawa ◽  
Kazuhiro Gotoh ◽  
Tetsuya Inoue ◽  
Yasuyoshi Kurokawa ◽  
Noritaka Usami
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Improved Performance

Chemistry of the Silicon Oxide Surface: Adsorption from SC1 Solutions

1998 ◽  
Vol 65-66 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
L. Hall ◽  
J. Sees ◽  
Trace Hurd ◽  
B. Schmidt ◽  
L. Bellay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
Surface Adsorption ◽  
Oxide Surface

Improved performance of 4H-SiC metal-semiconductor field-effect transistors with step p-buffer layer

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 017304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Chuan Deng ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
You-Run Zhang ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Zhao-Ji Li
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Improved Performance

High accuracy method for auger analysis of the composition of uncleaned silicon oxide surface

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1032-1038
Author(s):  
B. M. Kostishko ◽  
S. V. Appolonov ◽  
S. Ya. Salomatin
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Oxide ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Oxide Surface ◽  
Auger Analysis

Ultrasensitive WSe2 field-effect transistor-based biosensor for label-free detection of cancer in point-of-care applications

2D Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mosarof Hossain ◽  
Babar Shabbir ◽  
Yingjie Wu ◽  
Wenzhi Yu ◽  
Vaishnavi Krishnamurthi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistor ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Label Free Detection ◽  
Effect Transistor

scholarly journals Field-Effect Sensors for Virus Detection: From Ebola to SARS-CoV-2 and Plant Viral Enhancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshak Poghossian ◽  
Melanie Jablonski ◽  
Denise Molinnus ◽  
Christina Wege ◽  
Michael J. Schöning
Keyword(s):  
Field Effect ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Label Free Detection ◽  
Field Effect Devices ◽  
Long Time

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel human infectious disease provoked by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Currently, no specific vaccines or drugs against COVID-19 are available. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are essential in order to slow the virus spread and to contain the disease outbreak. Hence, new diagnostic tests and devices for virus detection in clinical samples that are faster, more accurate and reliable, easier and cost-efficient than existing ones are needed. Due to the small sizes, fast response time, label-free operation without the need for expensive and time-consuming labeling steps, the possibility of real-time and multiplexed measurements, robustness and portability (point-of-care and on-site testing), biosensors based on semiconductor field-effect devices (FEDs) are one of the most attractive platforms for an electrical detection of charged biomolecules and bioparticles by their intrinsic charge. In this review, recent advances and key developments in the field of label-free detection of viruses (including plant viruses) with various types of FEDs are presented. In recent years, however, certain plant viruses have also attracted additional interest for biosensor layouts: Their repetitive protein subunits arranged at nanometric spacing can be employed for coupling functional molecules. If used as adapters on sensor chip surfaces, they allow an efficient immobilization of analyte-specific recognition and detector elements such as antibodies and enzymes at highest surface densities. The display on plant viral bionanoparticles may also lead to long-time stabilization of sensor molecules upon repeated uses and has the potential to increase sensor performance substantially, compared to conventional layouts. This has been demonstrated in different proof-of-concept biosensor devices. Therefore, richly available plant viral particles, non-pathogenic for animals or humans, might gain novel importance if applied in receptor layers of FEDs. These perspectives are explained and discussed with regard to future detection strategies for COVID-19 and related viral diseases.

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