Effects of additives on the improved growth rate and morphology of Chemical Bath Deposited Zn(S,O,OH) buffer layer for Cu(In,Ga)Se2- based solar cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 1538 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Thibaud Hildebrandt ◽  
Nicolas Loones ◽  
Nathanaelle Schneider ◽  
Muriel Bouttemy ◽  
Jackie Vigneron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Deposition Mechanism ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells ◽  
Combined Use

ABSTRACTZn(S,O,OH) Chemical Bath Deposited (CBD) remains one of the most studied Cd-free buffer layer for replacing the CBD-CdS buffer layer in a Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based (CIGSe) solar cells and has already demonstrated its potential to lead to high-efficiencies. However, in order to further increase the deposition rate of the Zn(S,O,OH) layer during the CBD, the inclusion of additives can be a reasonable strategy, as long as the efficiencies of solar cells are maintained. The aim of this work is to understand the effect of the introduction of additives such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), H2O2+ethanolamine (C2H7NO) and H2O2+tri-sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7) during CBD on the deposition mechanism, the growth rate and the quality of the buffer layer. It has been shown that the combined use of H2O2 and citrate in the bath formulation allows the deposition of Zn(S,O,OH) via a mix of “ion-by-ion” and “cluster-by-cluster” mechanisms that have good properties as buffer layers leading to high efficiency solar cells.

scholarly journals Solution-Processed CdTe Thin-Film Solar Cells Using ZnSe Nanocrystal as a Buffer Layer

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanru Chen ◽  
Xianglin Mei ◽  
Xiaolin Liu ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Junfeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
Cdte Nanocrystal ◽  
First Time

The CdTe nanocrystal (NC) is an outstanding, low-cost photovoltaic material for highly efficient solution-processed thin-film solar cells. Currently, most CdTe NC thin-film solar cells are based on CdSe, ZnO, or CdS buffer layers. In this study, a wide bandgap and Cd-free ZnSe NC is introduced for the first time as the buffer layer for all solution-processed CdTe/ZnSe NC hetero-junction thin-film solar cells with a configuration of ITO/ZnO/ZnSe/CdTe/MoOx/Au. The dependence of the thickness of the ZnSe NC film, the annealing temperature and the chemical treatment on the performance of NC solar cells are investigated and discussed in detail. We further develop a ligand-exchanging strategy that involves 1,2-ethanedithiol (EDT) during the fabrication of ZnSe NC film. An improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.58% is obtained, which is increased by 16.6% when compared to a device without the EDT treatment. We believe that using ZnSe NC as the buffer layer holds the potential for developing high-efficiency, low cost, and stable CdTe NC-based solar cells.

scholarly journals Numerical Modelling Analysis for Carrier Concentration Level Optimization of CdTe Heterojunction Thin Film–Based Solar Cell with Different Non-Toxic Metal Chalcogenide Buffer Layers Replacements: Using SCAPS-1D Software

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer H. Zyoud ◽  
Ahed H. Zyoud ◽  
Naser M. Ahmed ◽  
Atef Abdekader
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Absorber Layer ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Cds Thin Film

Cadmium telluride (CdTe), a metallic dichalcogenide material, has been utilized as an absorber layer for thin film-based solar cells with appropriate configurations, and the SCAPS-1D structures program has been used to evaluate the results. In both known and developing thin film photovoltaic systems, a CdS thin film buffer layer has been frequently employed as a traditional n-type heterojunction partner. In this study, numerical simulation was used to find a suitable non-toxic material for the buffer layer instead of CdS, among various types of buffer layers (ZnSe, ZnO, ZnS, and In2S3), and carrier concentrations for the absorber layer (NA) and buffer layer (ND) were varied to determine the optimal simulation parameters. carrier concentrations (NA from 2 x 1012 cm-3 to 2 x 1017 cm-3 and ND from 1 x 1016 cm-3 to 1 x 1022 ??−3) have been differed. The results showed that the CdS as buffer layer based CdTe absorber layer solar cell has the highest efficiency (?%) of 17.43%. Furthermore, high conversion efficiencies of 17.42% and 16.27% have been found for ZnSe and ZnO based buffer layers, respectively. As a result, ZnO and ZnSe are potential candidates for replacing the CdS buffer layer in thin-film solar cells. Here, the absorber (CdTe) and buffer (ZnSe) layers were chosen to improve the efficiency by finding the optimal density of the carrier concentration (acceptor and donor). The simulation findings above provide helpful recommendations for fabricating high-efficiency metal oxide-based solar cells in the lab.

scholarly journals Comparative TEM and HRXRD Analyses of Strain Relaxation in Step-Graded GaInAs Buffer-Layers for High-Efficiency Solar Cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (S02) ◽  
pp. 918-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Schoene ◽  
E Spiecker ◽  
W Jager ◽  
F Dimroth ◽  
AW Bett
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Strain Relaxation ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2006 in Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 30 – August 3, 2005

scholarly journals Numerical Modelling Analysis for Carrier Concentration Level Optimization of CdTe Heterojunction Thin Film–Based Solar Cell with Different Non–Toxic Metal Chalcogenide Buffer Layers Replacements: Using SCAPS–1D Software

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer H. Zyoud ◽  
Ahed H. Zyoud ◽  
Naser M. Ahmed ◽  
Atef F. I. Abdelkader
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Carrier Concentration ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Absorber Layer ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Cds Thin Film

Cadmium telluride (CdTe), a metallic dichalcogenide material, was utilized as an absorber layer for thin film–based solar cells with appropriate configurations and the SCAPS–1D structures program was used to evaluate the results. In both known and developing thin film photovoltaic systems, a CdS thin–film buffer layer is frequently employed as a traditional n–type heterojunction partner. In this study, numerical simulation was used to determine a suitable non–toxic material for the buffer layer that can be used instead of CdS, among various types of buffer layers (ZnSe, ZnO, ZnS and In2S3) and carrier concentrations for the absorber layer (NA) and buffer layer (ND) were varied to determine the optimal simulation parameters. Carrier concentrations (NA from 2 × 1012 cm−3 to 2 × 1017 cm−3 and ND from 1 × 1016 cm−3 to 1 × 1022 cm−3) differed. The results showed that the use of CdS as a buffer–layer–based CdTe absorber layer for solar cell had the highest efficiency (%) of 17.43%. Furthermore, high conversion efficiencies of 17.42% and 16.27% were for the ZnSe and ZnO-based buffer layers, respectively. As a result, ZnO and ZnSe are potential candidates for replacing the CdS buffer layer in thin–film solar cells. Here, the absorber (CdTe) and buffer (ZnSe) layers were chosen to improve the efficiency by finding the optimal density of the carrier concentration (acceptor and donor). The simulation findings above provide helpful recommendations for fabricating high–efficiency metal oxide–based solar cells in the lab.

Enhanced optoelectronic quality of perovskite films with excess CH3NH3I for high-efficiency solar cells in ambient air

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (20) ◽  
pp. 205401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhai Zhang ◽  
Huiru Lv ◽  
Can Cui ◽  
Lingbo Xu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells

scholarly journals ALD-ZnMgO and absorber surface modifications to substitute CdS buffer layers in co-evaporated CIGSe solar cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Ramis Hertwig ◽  
Shiro Nishiwaki ◽  
Mario Ochoa ◽  
Shih-Chi Yang ◽  
Thomas Feurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Band Alignment ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Absorber Surface

High efficiency chalcopyrite thin film solar cells generally use chemical bath deposited CdS as buffer layer. The transition to Cd-free buffer layers, ideally by dry deposition methods is required to decrease Cd waste, enable all vacuum processing and circumvent optical parasitic absorption losses. In this study, Zn1−xMgxO thin films were deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) as buffer layers on co-evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorbers. A specific composition range was identified for a suitable conduction band alignment with the absorber surface. We elucidate the critical role of the CIGS surface preparation prior to the dry ALD process. Wet chemical surface treatments with potassium cyanide, ammonium hydroxide and thiourea prior to buffer layer deposition improved the device performances. Additional in-situ surface reducing treatments conducted immediately prior to Zn1−xMgxO deposition improved device performance and reproducibility. Devices were characterised by (temperature dependant) current-voltage and quantum efficiency measurements with and without light soaking treatment. The highest efficiency was measured to be 18%.

scholarly journals Graphene oxide as an additive to improve perovskite film crystallization and morphology for high-efficiency solar cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaonan Zhang ◽  
Gengwu Ji ◽  
Dongbin Xiong ◽  
Zhenhuang Su ◽  
Bin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Light Absorption ◽  
Carrier Transport ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
High Efficiency Solar Cells

The quality of perovskite film has a great impact on its light absorption and carrier transport, which is vital to improve high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

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