Modification of the Optical and Electrical Properties CdS Films by Annealing in Neutral and Reducing Atmospheres

2013 ◽  
Vol 1538 ◽  
pp. 377-382
Author(s):  
J. Pantoja Enriquez ◽  
G. Pérez Hernandez ◽  
X. Mathew ◽  
G. Ibáñez Duharte ◽  
J. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Cadmium Acetate ◽  
Annealing Atmosphere ◽  
Neutral Atmosphere ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Cds Thin Films ◽  
Cds Films

ABSTRACTCadmium sulfide (CdS) films were deposited onto glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) from a bath containing cadmium acetate, ammonium acetate, thiourea, and ammonium hydroxide. The CdS thin films were annealed in argon (neutral atmosphere) or hydrogen (reducing atmosphere) for 1 h at various temperatures (300, 350, 400, 450 and 500 °C). The changes in optical and electrical properties of annealed treated CdS thin films were analyzed. The results showed that, the band-gap and resistivity depend on the post-deposition annealing atmosphere and temperatures. Thus, it was found that these properties of the films, were found to be affected by various processes with opposite effects, some beneficial and others unfavorable. The energy gap and resistivity for different annealing atmospheres was seen to oscillate by thermal annealing. Recrystallization, oxidation, surface passivation, sublimation and materials evaporation were found the main factors of the heat-treatment process responsible for this oscillating behavior. Annealing over 400 °C was seen to degrade the optical and electrical properties of the film.

Effect of Ammonium Acetate on the Properties of Chemical Bath Deposited CdS Films

2014 ◽  
Vol 1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer A. Al-Yafeai ◽  
Sovannary Phok ◽  
Sahar A. Al-Shaibani ◽  
Shifaa M. Al-Baity ◽  
Esmaeel M. Al-Hammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Cadmium Acetate ◽  
Hexagonal Structure ◽  
Bath Solution ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analyzer ◽  
Cds Thin Films ◽  
Cds Films

ABSTRACTThis investigation is a comprehensive study of the effect of ammonium acetate on the electrical, optical, morphology and microstructure of CdS thin films grown by Chemical Bath Deposition method (CBD). Two sets of CdS thin films (A and B) were deposited on glass substrates at 60°C for 60 min. The films were deposited using chemical bath solution that consists of cadmium acetate, ammonium hydroxide, and thiourea. However, ammonium acetate was added into the chemical bath used to deposit set (B), where ammonium acetate was eliminated from bath solution used to deposit set (A). The films’ morphology was examined by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), whereas, the chemical composition was investigated by Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer (EPMA). The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) θ/2θ technique was applied to study the structure of the films. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the average surface roughness of the films, and Dektak Profilometer was used to determine the CdS films thickness. The optical and electrical properties for the films were determined using UV-Vis-NIR Spectrometer, and the Hall Effect technique, respectively. The highest carrier mobility was obtained for the films deposited in an ammonium acetate free bath. However, both films were polycrystalline with hexagonal structure exhibiting a tendency toward <002> texture, that increase with increasing the pH value of the chemical bath.

Structural, optical and electrical properties of Ni-doped CdS thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 557 ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rmili ◽  
F. Ouachtari ◽  
A. Bouaoud ◽  
A. Louardi ◽  
T. Chtouki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Cds Thin Films

INFLUENCE OF CADMIUM SALTS ON A MODIFIED CHEMICAL BATH DEPOSITION OF CADMIUM SULFIDE THIN FILMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. B. XU ◽  
S. Y. HUANG ◽  
J. B. CHU ◽  
H. B. ZHU ◽  
Z. SUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Cadmium Chloride ◽  
Cadmium Acetate ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Cadmium Ion ◽  
Substrate Vibration ◽  
Cds Thin Films ◽  
Cds Films

A simply modified bath deposition technique has been successfully used to deposit uniform CdS thin films using cadmium chloride or cadmium acetate as the cadmium ion source, and thiourea as the sulfur source on glass substrates. Both the traditional magnetic agitation and the frequent substrate vibration by hand were done simultaneously during the deposition. Various properties of the deposited films such as surface morphology, crystallinity, and optical properties were investigated. The CdS films deposited from cadmium acetate show a good crystallinity and exhibit a preferential orientation along the hexagonal (002) direction. Their surface morphologies are more homogeneous with smaller grains than those from cadmium chloride. The CdS films prepared from both cadmium ion sources present a high optical transmission (more than 80%) in the visible range with the band gap value of about 2.4 eV. The substrate vibration reduces the formation and residence of gas bubbles on the glass substrate during growth and resulted in deposition of CdS thin films with high quality. XRD, SEM, and UV–Vis measurements have provided the supported data. The fundamental CBD growth mechanisms involving different cadmium salts are discussed.

Influence of Annealing Atmosphere on the Characteristics of Sol-Gel Derived ITO Thin Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ming Peng ◽  
Yan Kuin Su ◽  
Ru Yuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Annealing Atmosphere ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Ito Thin Films ◽  
Ito Films

In this paper, the Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) thin films were prepared by a sol-gel dip coating method and then annealed at 600°C under different atmosphere (vacuum, N2 and 96.25%N2+3.75%H2). Their microstructure, optical and electrical properties were investigated and discussed. Suitable atmosphere can improve the crystalline of the ITO films, therefore the optical and electrical properties of the ITO films are improved. The uv-vis results showed the maximum of transmittance in the visible range (380-780 nm) of 85.6% and the lowest resistivity of 4.4×10-2 Ω-cm when the ITO films were annealed under 96.25% N2 with 3.75% H2 atmosphere.

scholarly journals Study of some structural , optical , Electrical Properties of CdS thin films deposited by chemical Spray Pyrolysis Method

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-225
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Hall Effect Measurement ◽  
Spray Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Chemical Spray Pyrolysis ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Cds Thin Films

In this research we prepared CdS thin films by Spray pyrolysis method on a glass substrates and we study its structural , optical , electrical properties .The result of (X-Ray ) diffraction showed that all thin films have a polycrystalline structure , The relation of the transmission as a function of wavelength for the CdS films had been studied , The investigated of direct energy gap of the CdS its value is (2.83 eV). In Hall effect measurement of the CdS we find the charge carriers is p – type and Hall coefficient 1157.33(cm3/c) ,Hall mobility 6.77(cm2/v.s)

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