Team-based Interdisciplinary Materials Research using Image Processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelynn Garofano ◽  
Thomas Sadowski ◽  
John DaPonte ◽  
Christine Broadbridge
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
State University ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
Science Departments ◽  
Interface Structures

ABSTRACTThere is an acute and well-documented need for image processing of microscopy data in materials science regarding, for example, the characterization of the structure/property relationship of a given materials system. In our work, image processing has been used as a framework for conducting interdisciplinary team-based research that effectively integrates programs within the Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena (CRISP) Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC), e.g. research experiences for undergraduates (REU), teachers (RET) and high school fellowships. This research resulted from a five-year long collaboration between CRISP and the Physics and Computer Science Departments at Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU). This paper will focus on the implementation of team-based research experiences as a vehicle for interdisciplinary science and education. Representative results of several of the studies are presented and discussed.

Research on Cement-Based Materials: Expanding Our Horizons

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
J. Francis Young
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
State University ◽  
Cement Based Materials ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Science Departments ◽  
Micro Structures

Concrete is the most widely used man-made product; in the United States we use about two tons per year per person. It has been estimated that the replacement value of concrete structures is over six trillion dollars, and that over one trillion dollars needs to be spent in the repair and rehabilitation of these structures over a 20-year period. By contrast, the resources devoted to the materials issues of the industry have been meager. This neglect may in part explain why the development of the science of cementitious materials had lagged behind that of other materials. The situation has been changing rapidly in recent years, however, and the articles in this issue have been selected to illustrate some of the advances that are being made.One key to the resurgence in research in cement-based materials is the realization of the pressing need to upgrade our deteriorating infrastructure. Another is the realization that a materials science and engineering approach is needed to provide a solid knowledge base to underpin new technologies. Chemistry took us a long way in the 1950s and 1960s, but an appreciation of how chemistry and processing could combine to create desirable micro-structures that would achieve desirable bulk properties came much later. It is significant that, with the noticeable exception of the Pennsylvania State University, cement research in universities in the United States previously was funded through civil engineering departments. Similarly, in Europe and Japan, research was conducted primarily in engineering faculties, although there were programs in a few chemistry departments. Now, however, on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, research groups are well established in materials science departments. It is noteworthy that on an NSF Science and Technology Center devoted to advanced cement-based materials is funded through the Division of Materials Research.

“Materials” Education: The Second Time Around

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Rustum Roy
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
State University ◽  
Pennsylvania State University ◽  
School Committee ◽  
Penn State ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Synthesis And Processing ◽  
Institute Of Technology

Robert Sproull, the director of AREA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) in the Pentagon, recorded that Pennsylvania State University and Carnegie Institute of Technology first made proposals in 1957 for “interdisciplinary block funding” in what would essentially become “materials” research. But it was the industrial push (by W.O. Baker of AT&T Bell Laboratories and C.G. Suits of General Electric) that helped ARPA start the funding of 12 interdisciplinary materials research laboratories (IDMRLs) between 1960 and 1963. Pennsylvania State University was added in 1963 as a special modest grant limited to materials preparation (synthesis and processing). NASA and the Atomic Energy Commission added six more within two years. The first interdisciplinary degree program in “materials” (then called solid-state technology), administered directly by a graduate school committee drawn from 10 departments, was started under my chairmanship, at Penn State in 1959-60. Probably the first departmental degree program in which a metallurgy department expanded its scope (and changed its name) to include other materials was started at nearly the same time at North western University by Prof. M.E. Fine. It is noteworthy that at least in these two cases the intellectual and curricular argument for integration of degree work preceded the research grants and organization. These two separate patterns have both now permeated the entire national system, and we should clearly distinguish between them. By 1969 the first national colloquy on materials, held at Penn State and published under the title Materials Science and Engineering in the U.S., took an evaluative look at materials education.

Preface

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. iv
Author(s):  
Poonam Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Research Award ◽  
Materials Research

The POLYCHAR 16: World Forum on Advanced Materials, organized by the University of Lucknow, was held from 17 to 21 February 2008 in the capital of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The annual POLYCHAR conferences have been sponsored by IUPAC for several years and are known for combining the broad field of materials sciences with a clear focus on polymeric materials (the name "POLYCHAR" is derived from the term "polymer characterization"). POLYCHAR 16 was supported by many scientific associations and industries such as IUPAC, Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (Trieste, Italy), Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Department of Biotechnology (DBT) (India), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) (India), Reliance Industries Ltd. (India), Department of Science and Technology (India), Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), Indian National Science Academy (INSA), Uttar Pradesh Council of Science and Technology (UPCST) (India), Lucknow Chapter, Materials Research Society of India (MRSI), and University of Lucknow.As in past years, POLYCHAR puts emphasis on the quality of research presented - in contrast to maximizing the number of participants. The areas covered include nanomaterials and smart materials; natural and biodegradable materials and recycling; materials synthesis; polymers for energy; rheology, solutions, and processing; mechanical properties and performance; characterization and structure-property relationships; biomaterials and tissue engineering; dielectric and electrical properties; surfaces, interfaces, and tribology; and predictive methods. Symptomatically, the number of papers on "green" science was higher than at POLYCHAR 15 last year in Búzios, Rio de Janeiro.There were a total of 292 registered participants from 35 countries (Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Fiji, UK, France, Germany, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, Mauritius, Malaysia, Mexico, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Sri Lanka, Slovakia, South Africa, Ukraine, USA, Uzbekistan, and Venezuela). This reflects the philosophy of POLYCHAR to provide an international forum to encourage young scientists and advanced students to present their scientific work and give them the opportunity to meet with colleagues and well-known scientists to discuss their results, exchange experiences, and make new contacts, in particular, international ones. Many industrial contacts and much international cooperation with exchange of students and scientists have resulted from this and earlier POLYCHAR meetings.This conference volume represents only a small fraction of the multitude of contributions from different parts of materials science - 48 oral contributions and 170 posters. Many of the contributions have review character, some represent excellent original contributions. Only a small number could be selected for this volume because of the limited space that is available. All this was possible with the sponsorship of IUPAC. Highlights of the conference were the Paul J. Flory Research Award (ex aequo) to Prof. Jiasong He, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; the International Materials Research Award to Dr. Rameshvar Adhikari, Tribhuvan University, Katmandu, Nepal; and numerous awards for young scientists and students, including the IUPAC Poster Award. Special Prof. Brar's 60th Birthday Celebration Awards were given to IUPAC poster prize winners.The next POLYCHAR will be hosted by Jean-Marc Saiter, University of Rouen, Rouen, France in April 2009.Poonam TandonConference Executive Secretary and Co-editor

Research Grade Instrumentation for Nanotechnology and MSE Education

2009 ◽  
Vol 1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Broadbridge ◽  
Jacquelynn Garofano ◽  
Eric Altman ◽  
Yehia Khalil ◽  
Victor Henrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Complex Oxides ◽  
Complex Oxide ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
State University ◽  
Surfaces And Interfaces ◽  
Crystalline Oxide ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Research Grade ◽  
Interface Structures

AbstractThe Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena (CRISP) is a National Science Foundation (NSF) Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC). CRISP is a partnership between Yale University, Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU) and Brookhaven National Laboratory. A main focus of CRISP research is complex oxide interfaces that are prepared using epitaxial techniques, including molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Complex oxides exhibit a wealth of electronic, magnetic and chemical behaviors, and the surfaces and interfaces of complex oxides can have properties that differ substantially from those of the corresponding bulk materials. CRISP employs this research program in a concerted way to educate students at all levels. CRISP has constructed a robust MBE apparatus specifically designed for safe and productive use by undergraduates. Students can grow their own samples and then characterize them with facilities at both Yale and SCSU, providing a complete research and educational experience. This paper will focus on the implementation of the CRISP Teaching MBE facility and its use in the study of the synthesis and properties of the crystalline oxide-silicon interface.

A Partnership Inspiring Interest in MSE Careers: The Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena (CRISP)

2007 ◽  
Vol 1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Caragianis-Broadbridge ◽  
Heather Edgecumbe ◽  
Greg Osenko ◽  
Ann Lehman ◽  
Lisa Alter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
State University ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Outreach Effort ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Interface Structures ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe intent of the CRISP education and outreach effort is to use materials science as a vehicle for enhancing the scientific literacy and knowledge of kindergarten through post-graduate level students. A challenging part of our mission has been inspiring students to take the next step and consider further study (or a career) in the field of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE). The CRISP educational programs were developed through a partnership between Yale University, Southern Connecticut State University and the urban school district of New Haven, CT. An overview of the methods and results of both formal and informal educational program components will be presented for years one and two of the CRISP MRSEC. This paper will focus on two CRISP programs: 1) MRSEC Initiative for Multidisciplinary Education & Research (MIMER) and 2) “Exploring Materials Science” mobile kits. The evaluation data indicates that the approach used in developing these educational programs is important. Specifically, the impact of these programs is influenced by the students' ability to relate the acquired knowledge to real life applications and technologies. In particular, emphasizing career opportunities rather than just presenting content-based programs is a key element to increasing interest towards further study in Materials Science and Engineering.

Combinatorial Methods for Investigations in Polymer Materials Science

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Carson Meredith ◽  
Alamgir Karim ◽  
Eric J. Amis
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Polymer Processing ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Combinatorial Methods

AbstractWe review recent advances in the development of combinatorial methods for polymer characterization. Applied to materials research, combinatorial methodologies allow efficient testing of structure–property hypotheses (fundamental characterization) as well as accelerated development of new materials (materials discovery). Recent advances in library preparation and high-throughput screening have extended combinatorial methods to a wide variety of phenomena encountered in polymer processing. We first present techniques for preparing continuous-gradient polymer “libraries” with controlled variations in temperature, composition, thickness, and substrate surface energy. These libraries are then used to characterize fundamental properties such as polymer-blend phase behavior, thin-film dewetting, block-copolymer order–disorder transitions, and cell interactions with surfaces of biocompatible polymers.

Marni Goldman Tribute: Contributions to Materials Science Education

2009 ◽  
Vol 1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Wade ◽  
Curtis Frank
Keyword(s):  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Educational Outreach ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Science Outreach ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Macromolecular Assemblies ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
The University

AbstractThis symposium is a memorial to Dr. Marni Goldman. Although she never walked and had only limited use of her arms, Marni's academic and professional accomplishments placed her in elite company. She obtained two bachelors degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and a Ph.D. in Materials Science from the University of California at Berkeley. Even with a heavy course load, she was involved in educational outreach during her studies. She started her career as a Research Associate (Education Director) in Stanford's NSF Materials Research Science and Engineering Center on Polymer Interfaces and Macromolecular Assemblies in 2000 and retained those responsibilities until her death in 2007. During this period she rapidly added the responsibilities as Education Director for Stanford's Nanofabrication Facility and was ultimately named Associate Director of Stanford's Office of Science Outreach. Marni was a dynamo whose activities at Stanford included a large summer undergraduate internship program, a Research Experiences for Teachers program (local and national activities), a program to bring community college students (especially minority students) to the campus, public science (San Jose Tech Museum of Innovation, San Francisco Exploratorium), outreach to high schools with high minority populations, and a program with summer internships for students with disabilities. Marni's achievements are thanks in no small part to her extraordinary family, to her own intelligence and tenacity, and to a wide and loving circle of friends, drawn to her by the spirit of her determination and the unmistakable largeness of her heart.

scholarly journals Research Experiences for Teachers in Materials Science: A Case Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Strand ◽  
Steve Wignall ◽  
Diandra L. Leslie-Pelecky
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
National Science Education Standards ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Education Standards ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Research Experiences For Teachers ◽  
The University ◽  
Science Education Standards

ABSTRACTThe National Science Education Standards encourage teachers to become involved in research as ‘representatives of science in the classroom’. The Research Experiences for Teachers program affiliated with the Materials Research Science and Engineering Center at the University of Nebraska involves teachers in research on nanoscale magnetic and electronic structures over a summer. Two teachers and a sponsoring researcher share their experiences and what they believe are necessary elements for successful RET experiences.

1987 MRS Fall Meeting An Unqualified Success

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Total Artificial Heart ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
State University ◽  
Fall Meeting ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Radiological Health ◽  
Short Courses

Chaired by J. Murray Gibson (AT&T Bell Laboratories), S. Thomas Picraux (Sandia National Laboratories), and Barry E. Scheetz (Pennsylvania State University), the 1987 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston shattered several attendance records as it offered an unprecedented collection of leading-edge technical symposia and short courses. Activities began before the start of the technical symposia with a one-day short course on Conventional and High Temperature Superconductors on Sunday, November 29. The 20 technical symposia ran from Monday through Friday, November 30-December 4, and short courses continued through Saturday, December 5.Rounding out the schedule were several additional events: the popular lunchtime Symposium X on Frontiers of Materials Research, a forum on Education in Materials Science and Engineering with an address by National Science Foundation director Erich Bloch, a workshop on Specimen Preparation for Transmission Electron Microscopy of Materials, the Plenary Address by William C. DeVries on “Medical and Materials Issues of the Total Artificial Heart” (to be published in an upcoming issue of the BULLETIN), and the Von Hippel Award lecture on “Orientation Mapping” given by the award's 1987 recipient, Sir Charles Frank (see p. 24 in this issue).Total meeting attendance passed 3,500, making 1987 another year of record growth for MRS. Similarly, the number of short courses and shortcourse students rose over previous years, and the increasingly popular equipment exhibit overflowed to additional booths outside the main exhibit hall. One exhibit featured its own speaker, Yorick, a talking skeleton, from the Division of Mechanics and Materials Science, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health.

The Growth of Interdisciplinary Materials Research at Suny-Buffalo

1985 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
State University ◽  
External Funding ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Materials Engineering ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Quality Faculty ◽  
University Level ◽  
The University

ABSTRACTMaterials Science and Materials Engineering are recognized as essential areas of growth for advancement in applications of new devices and materials. The educational program at the university level must be dynamic in nature to keep pace with advances in science and instrumentation. State University of New York at Buffalo has sponsored an interdisciplinary proposal solicitation to promote efforts in the forefront of science. Materials-related efforts are described herein which will lead to improved external funding of research, improved educational programs, more sophisticated instrumentation, high quality graduate students, and high quality faculty.

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