Combinatorial Methods for Investigations in Polymer Materials Science

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Carson Meredith ◽  
Alamgir Karim ◽  
Eric J. Amis
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Polymer Processing ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Combinatorial Methods

AbstractWe review recent advances in the development of combinatorial methods for polymer characterization. Applied to materials research, combinatorial methodologies allow efficient testing of structure–property hypotheses (fundamental characterization) as well as accelerated development of new materials (materials discovery). Recent advances in library preparation and high-throughput screening have extended combinatorial methods to a wide variety of phenomena encountered in polymer processing. We first present techniques for preparing continuous-gradient polymer “libraries” with controlled variations in temperature, composition, thickness, and substrate surface energy. These libraries are then used to characterize fundamental properties such as polymer-blend phase behavior, thin-film dewetting, block-copolymer order–disorder transitions, and cell interactions with surfaces of biocompatible polymers.

Preface

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. iv
Author(s):  
Poonam Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Research Award ◽  
Materials Research

The POLYCHAR 16: World Forum on Advanced Materials, organized by the University of Lucknow, was held from 17 to 21 February 2008 in the capital of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The annual POLYCHAR conferences have been sponsored by IUPAC for several years and are known for combining the broad field of materials sciences with a clear focus on polymeric materials (the name "POLYCHAR" is derived from the term "polymer characterization"). POLYCHAR 16 was supported by many scientific associations and industries such as IUPAC, Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) (Trieste, Italy), Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Department of Biotechnology (DBT) (India), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) (India), Reliance Industries Ltd. (India), Department of Science and Technology (India), Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR), Indian National Science Academy (INSA), Uttar Pradesh Council of Science and Technology (UPCST) (India), Lucknow Chapter, Materials Research Society of India (MRSI), and University of Lucknow.As in past years, POLYCHAR puts emphasis on the quality of research presented - in contrast to maximizing the number of participants. The areas covered include nanomaterials and smart materials; natural and biodegradable materials and recycling; materials synthesis; polymers for energy; rheology, solutions, and processing; mechanical properties and performance; characterization and structure-property relationships; biomaterials and tissue engineering; dielectric and electrical properties; surfaces, interfaces, and tribology; and predictive methods. Symptomatically, the number of papers on "green" science was higher than at POLYCHAR 15 last year in Búzios, Rio de Janeiro.There were a total of 292 registered participants from 35 countries (Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Fiji, UK, France, Germany, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, Mauritius, Malaysia, Mexico, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Sri Lanka, Slovakia, South Africa, Ukraine, USA, Uzbekistan, and Venezuela). This reflects the philosophy of POLYCHAR to provide an international forum to encourage young scientists and advanced students to present their scientific work and give them the opportunity to meet with colleagues and well-known scientists to discuss their results, exchange experiences, and make new contacts, in particular, international ones. Many industrial contacts and much international cooperation with exchange of students and scientists have resulted from this and earlier POLYCHAR meetings.This conference volume represents only a small fraction of the multitude of contributions from different parts of materials science - 48 oral contributions and 170 posters. Many of the contributions have review character, some represent excellent original contributions. Only a small number could be selected for this volume because of the limited space that is available. All this was possible with the sponsorship of IUPAC. Highlights of the conference were the Paul J. Flory Research Award (ex aequo) to Prof. Jiasong He, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; the International Materials Research Award to Dr. Rameshvar Adhikari, Tribhuvan University, Katmandu, Nepal; and numerous awards for young scientists and students, including the IUPAC Poster Award. Special Prof. Brar's 60th Birthday Celebration Awards were given to IUPAC poster prize winners.The next POLYCHAR will be hosted by Jean-Marc Saiter, University of Rouen, Rouen, France in April 2009.Poonam TandonConference Executive Secretary and Co-editor

Team-based Interdisciplinary Materials Research using Image Processing

2011 ◽  
Vol 1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacquelynn Garofano ◽  
Thomas Sadowski ◽  
John DaPonte ◽  
Christine Broadbridge
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
State University ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
Science Departments ◽  
Interface Structures

ABSTRACTThere is an acute and well-documented need for image processing of microscopy data in materials science regarding, for example, the characterization of the structure/property relationship of a given materials system. In our work, image processing has been used as a framework for conducting interdisciplinary team-based research that effectively integrates programs within the Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena (CRISP) Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC), e.g. research experiences for undergraduates (REU), teachers (RET) and high school fellowships. This research resulted from a five-year long collaboration between CRISP and the Physics and Computer Science Departments at Southern Connecticut State University (SCSU). This paper will focus on the implementation of team-based research experiences as a vehicle for interdisciplinary science and education. Representative results of several of the studies are presented and discussed.

Recent Advances in Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Techniques for Materials Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 493-520
Author(s):  
Po-Hsiu Chien ◽  
Kent J. Griffith ◽  
Haoyu Liu ◽  
Zhehong Gan ◽  
Yan-Yan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ion Dynamics ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Nmr Techniques ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

Establishing structure–property correlations is of paramount importance to materials research. The ability to selectively detect observable magnetization from transitions between quantized spin states of nuclei makes nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy a powerful probe to characterize solids at the atomic level. In this article, we review recent advances in NMR techniques in six areas: spectral resolution, sensitivity, atomic correlations, ion dynamics, materials imaging, and hardware innovation. In particular, we focus on the applications of these techniques to materials research. Specific examples are given following the general introduction of each topic and technique to illustrate how they are applied. In conclusion, we suggest future directions for advanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy and imaging in interdisciplinary research.

Combinatorial Materials Science: What's New Since Edison?

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Amis ◽  
Xiao-Dong Xiang ◽  
Ji-Cheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Scientific Goal ◽  
Combinatorial Materials ◽  
Combinatorial Methods

AbstractCombinatorial methods are high-efficiency methods to create large composition “libraries” of materials, for example, continuous composition variations, and test those compositions systematically in parallel for specific properties of interest, in contrast to the time-consuming one-composition-at-a-time approach. These methods have captured the attention of the materials industry with the promise of providing new discoveries “faster, better, and cheaper.” However, in the academic community, combinatorial methods often meet with less enthusiasm, perhaps due to the perception of combinatorial methodology as an Edisonian approach to science. The facts are quite to the contrary. In addition to impressive successes arising from the application of combinatorial methods to materials discovery, results coming out of systematic high-throughput investigations of complex materials phenomena (which would be too time-consuming or expensive to undertake) provide data leading to improvement in theories and models of materials chemistry and physics. Indeed, combinatorial methods provide a new paradigm for advancing a central scientific goal—the fundamental understanding of structure–property relationships of materials behavior.

Materials Science of Polymers

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Edwin L. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Flexible Chain ◽  
High Molar Mass ◽  
Chain Polymer ◽  
Wide Range

This issue of the MRS BULLETIN is devoted to a class of materials undergoing a transition from a period in which they were viewed primarily as cheap substitutes for other materials into a new period where polymers are seen as high tech, value-added materials in their own right. The six articles included here focus on a portion of the wide range of topical areas concurrently at the frontiers of polymer materials science.Polymers are molecules consisting of a large number of units (mers) covalently connected to form macromolecules of very high molar mass (upwards of 106). Polymer chemists have learned how to make an almost endless variety of highly complex yet well- defined macromolecules utilizing a wide variety of monomers. Once polymer physicists and materials scientists depended on industry to provide samples (which were far from model materials to work on). Today, significant improvements in chemical synthesis and a growing collaborative effort between polymer chemists and materials scientists have resulted in the availability of extremely well-defined materials (molecular weight distribution, composition, sequence of monomer types along the chain backbone, stereochemistry of these units and overall molecular architecture, e.g., branching vs. linear) for the attainment of novel properties and the investigation of structure-property relationships. Given the sophistication of current polymer synthesis, it is now possible to test structure-property hypotheses systematically and to rationally design macromolecules to form specified microstructures and provide desirable physical properties.The typical mental image conjured by the word polymer is an entangled mass of cooked spaghetti. This is in fact very appropriate for the class of flexible chain polymers in the noncrystalline state. The pioneering work of P.J. Flory in elucidating the nature of such materials, e.g., polymer melts and amorphous polymers above their glass transition temperature, made crucial use of the essentially Gaussian behavior of the end-to-end distance vector of a flexible chain polymer in the condensed state.

Combinatorial methods for polymer materials science: Phase behavior of nanocomposite blend films

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1836-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alamgir Karim ◽  
Eric Amis ◽  
Koray Yurekli ◽  
Ramanan Krishnamoorti ◽  
Carson Meredith
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Combinatorial Methods

Structure-property relationships of PE/PP sandwiched films

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Petermann ◽  
G. Broza ◽  
U. Rieck ◽  
A. Jaballah ◽  
A. Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Ionic Crystals ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Oriented Films ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Polymer Laminates ◽  
Heated Glass

Oriented overgrowth of polymer materials onto ionic crystals is well known and recently it was demonstrated that this epitaxial crystallisation can also occur in polymer/polymer systems, under certain conditions. The morphologies and the resulting physical properties of such systems will be presented, especially the influence of epitaxial interfaces on the adhesion of polymer laminates and the mechanical properties of epitaxially crystallized sandwiched layers.Materials used were polyethylene, PE, Lupolen 6021 DX (HDPE) and 1810 D (LDPE) from BASF AG; polypropylene, PP, (PPN) provided by Höchst AG and polybutene-1, PB-1, Vestolen BT from Chemische Werke Hüls. Thin oriented films were prepared according to the method of Petermann and Gohil, by winding up two different polymer films from two separately heated glass-plates simultaneously with the help of a motor driven cylinder. One double layer was used for TEM investigations, while about 1000 sandwiched layers were taken for mechanical tests.

scholarly journals Computation and data driven discovery of topological phononic materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangxu Li ◽  
Jiaxi Liu ◽  
Stanley A. Baronett ◽  
Mingfeng Liu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Nodal Line ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Topological Quantum ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Spin Electronic

AbstractThe discovery of topological quantum states marks a new chapter in both condensed matter physics and materials sciences. By analogy to spin electronic system, topological concepts have been extended into phonons, boosting the birth of topological phononics (TPs). Here, we present a high-throughput screening and data-driven approach to compute and evaluate TPs among over 10,000 real materials. We have discovered 5014 TP materials and grouped them into two main classes of Weyl and nodal-line (ring) TPs. We have clarified the physical mechanism for the occurrence of single Weyl, high degenerate Weyl, individual nodal-line (ring), nodal-link, nodal-chain, and nodal-net TPs in various materials and their mutual correlations. Among the phononic systems, we have predicted the hourglass nodal net TPs in TeO3, as well as the clean and single type-I Weyl TPs between the acoustic and optical branches in half-Heusler LiCaAs. In addition, we found that different types of TPs can coexist in many materials (such as ScZn). Their potential applications and experimental detections have been discussed. This work substantially increases the amount of TP materials, which enables an in-depth investigation of their structure-property relations and opens new avenues for future device design related to TPs.

scholarly journals The search for new materials and the role of novel processing routes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wellmann
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
European Council ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Human History ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Novel Processing

AbstractThroughout human history, most further developments or new achievements were accompanied by new materials or new processes that enabled the technologic progress. With concrete devices and applications in mind, synthesis and subsequent treatment of materials naturally went along with the progress. The aim of the underlying article is to spot the role of optimization, of discovery, of trial-and-error approaches, of fundamentals and curiosity driven design and development. In a consecutive examination, five missions addressing the challenges facing our world (identified by the European Council) will be cross linked with seven topical areas from materials science defined by the European Materials Research Society. The scope of this examination is to identify approaches and methods to further develop and innovate materials which form the basis of the anticipated solutions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document