Inkjet Printing of Highly Loaded Particulate Suspensions

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 815-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Derby ◽  
Nuno Reis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Drop Formation ◽  
Concentrated Suspensions ◽  
Particulate Suspensions ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Delivery Mechanism ◽  
Liquid Suspensions ◽  
Highly Loaded

AbstractInkjet printing is an attractive method for patterning and fabricating objects directly from design or image files without the need for masks, patterns, or dies. In order to achieve this with metals or ceramics, it is often necessary to print them as highly concentrated suspensions of powders in liquids. Such liquid suspensions must have physical properties appropriate to the inkjet delivery mechanism. These properties are presented using a nondimensional formalism to illustrate the requirements for both drop formation and spreading on impact. Further critical issues relevant to inkjet printing of particulate suspensions are discussed and illustrated with experiments on a model alumina-containing colloidal suspension.

Stable, highly concentrated suspensions for electronic and ceramic materials applications

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 1082-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Sushumna ◽  
R.K. Gupta ◽  
E. Ruckenstein
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Concentrated Suspensions ◽  
Thermal Paste ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Liquid Suspensions ◽  
Very High ◽  
Highly Loaded

Highly concentrated solid-in-liquid suspensions find applications in a number of areas such as electronics, ceramics, paints, coatings, etc. Highly loaded, stable suspensions which exhibit desirable rheological characteristics (moderate viscosity, shear thinning behavior, thixotropy, and a small yield stress, for example), and which have high thermal or electrical conductivities are frequently sought after. We describe here some techniques which can be used to obtain such highly concentrated suspensions. These involve employing mixed size grades of particles and effective dispersants. For thermal paste applications, for example, compliant pastes of up to 78 vol. % solids with thermal conductivity values as high as 6 W/mK (hence, a few times greater than the values reported previously by others), low electrical conductivity, and moderate viscosity have been prepared by mixing different particle size grades of materials such as Al2O3, SiC, AlN, Al, and diamond. Effective dispersants, both commercial as well as those synthesized in our laboratory as novel variations of previously known molecular architectures, have been used to facilitate the achievement of these very high loading and stable suspensions.

The Dispersion of Gas Black and the Physical Properties of Rubber Mixtures

1931 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Grenquist
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Good Method ◽  
Theoretical Possibility ◽  
Homogeneous Surface ◽  
Degree Of Dispersion ◽  
Highly Loaded

Abstract Many rubber technologists have already shown the importance of the dispersion of pigments in order to obtain the maxima physical properties of rubber mixtures. In a recent publication on the physical properties of gas black Carson and Sebrell state that they do not know of any article based on tests which deals with the relations between the dispersion of gas black and the properties of corresponding mixtures. Wiegand has already shown, in discussing mixtures highly loaded with gas black, that an incomplete dispersion of the pigments is no longer possible if the consistency of rubber falls below a definite value. He states that the lustre on the surface of a sample such as is used to determine tensile strength is a good method of estimating the degree of dispersion. Hauser upholds the idea that certain pigments attain a maximum dispersion during milling. In two preceding communications I studied the distribution of gas black in vulcanized and unvulcanized mixtures. I showed that changes in dispersion occur during milling as well as during vulcanization, and I discussed the theoretical possibility of obtaining the maximum dispersion and reënforcement. On the contrary, I am not concerned in these articles with the actual physical properties of the mixtures examined. In the present work, I wish to attempt to establish the relations between the dispersion of gas black and certain physical properties of rubber mixtures, whether vulcanized or not. The dispersion was determined by means of the microscope on freshly cut surfaces of mixtures vulcanized and unvulcanized, using a Leitz vertical illuminator and a Zeiss arc lamp as the source of light. Magnified about 300 times, the aggregates of gas black appear like a non-homogeneous black mass, while on the smoother and more homogeneous surface of the rubber the reflection is so increased that the field remains lighted.

The effect of ink formulation on colorimetric properties of inkjet printing considering the impact of substrates

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darya Ewaznezhad Fard ◽  
Saeideh Gorji Kandi ◽  
Marziyeh Khatibzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Viscosity Modifier ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polymeric Compounds ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ink Formulation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the performance of ink formulations caused by the addition of compounds that improve the ink’s physical properties to achieve an optimum formulation for inkjet printing, because of the importance and simplicity of this method. Design/methodology/approach Ink samples were formulated using Acid Red 14 as ink colorant, different percentages of polymeric compounds including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone and Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) as viscosity modifier compounds and surfactant as the surface tension enhancer. Formulated samples were adjusted in terms of fluid physical properties e.g. viscosity, density and surface tension, and the effect of used compounds on the improvement of both physical and colorimetric properties such as viscosity, surface tension, colorimetric coordinates and lightfastness has been evaluated to achieve the optimum printing inks to be printed on three different substrates. Findings The experimental observations showed that CMC was the most compatible compound as the viscosity modifier as its viscosity value was in the printable range of 2–22 cP. Moreover, a flow-curve test was applied to the ink samples and their Newtonian behavior was approved. Based on the spectrophotometric test results of printed samples, the samples containing PVA provided acceptable lightfastness in comparison to other ink samples on every used substrate. Originality/value An optimum relation between colorimetric coordinates of the printed samples and ink formulation could be considered and achieved.

scholarly journals Highly Loaded Mildly Edge‐Oxidized Graphene Nanosheet Dispersions for Large‐Scale Inkjet Printing of Electrochemical Sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-468
Author(s):  
Bhawna Nagar ◽  
Milica Jović ◽  
Victor Costa Bassetto ◽  
Yingdi Zhu ◽  
Horst Pick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Graphene Nanosheet ◽  
Highly Loaded

Ink Jet Deposition of Ceramic Suspensions: Modeling and Experiments of Droplet Formation

2000 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Reis ◽  
B. Derby
Keyword(s):  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Concentrated Suspensions ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Particulate Suspensions ◽  
Ink Jet ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Printing System ◽  
Modeling And Experiments ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Ceramic Suspensions

ABSTRACTWe have successfully printed green ceramic objects from slurries of Al2O3 dispersed in paraffin wax using a commercial ink-jet printer developed for pattern making (Sanders Prototype MM6PRO). Concentrated suspensions are generally more viscous than the fluids normally passed through ink jet heads. This may alter the response of the printing system to its process parameters, e.g. driving voltage and frequency. We have explored the influence of fluid properties on the ink jet behaviour using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling and a parallel experimental study to determine the optimum printing conditions for particulate suspensions.

scholarly journals Effect of physical parameters and temperature on the piezo-electric jetting behaviour of UV-curable photochromic inks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Seipel ◽  
Junchun Yu ◽  
Vincent A. Nierstrasz
Keyword(s):  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Drop Formation ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Functional Textiles ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Although resource-efficient processes like inkjet printing have a large potential to foster the development of smart and functional textiles, one bottleneck still is the development of functional inks. To make inkjet printing and UV curing given production techniques for smart and functional specialty products, e.g. photochromic textiles, deepened knowledge about the development, rheological behavior and jetting behavior of functional ink is needed. This paper focuses on the formulation and performance of UV-responsive and UV-curable inkjet inks, which are based on photochromic dyes and their application to produce UV-responsive textiles. Two commercial photochromic dyes—Reversacol Ruby Red (RR) and Sea Green (SG), which represent dyes of the naphthopyran and spirooxazine class, respectively, have been used to develop the inks. The photochromic inks are characterized according to their physical–chemical and rheological properties in respect to temperature. The influence of temperature on the drop formation of the inks in an industrial print head is analyzed using a high-speed camera, which reveals important information regarding challenges in ink jettability. It was found that the dye structure and type used in the ink can influence the jetting behavior of photochromic UV-curable ink. More pronounced temperature sensitivity of dyes can increase the temperature-related effects of drop formation as was observed for SG ink. The printability of the RR and SG inks is framed and underpinned by theoretical calculations of the Z number. Discrepancies are observed and discussed between existing theory of ink jettability and visual evaluation of the photochromic ink.

Surfactants influence jetting dynamics and drop formation in inkjet printing

Scilight ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (30) ◽  
pp. 301110
Author(s):  
Leigh Ann Green
Keyword(s):  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Drop Formation
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