Electrosynthesis and Microstructural Characterization of Anodic VOx Films

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1483-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Schreckenbach ◽  
D. Butte ◽  
G. Marx ◽  
B. R. Johnson ◽  
W. M. Kriven
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Vanadium Oxides ◽  
Electrolyte System ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nanocrystalline Phases ◽  
Acetate Electrolyte

Anodic conversion films of vanadium oxides on vanadium were potentiodynamically generated at high voltages in an acetate electrolyte system. The microstructure of the anodic VOx coatings was characterized by surface and solid-state techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. An amorphous structure is proposed in which network-forming [VO4] tetrahedra in various degrees of condensation are connected by distorted [VO5] and [VO6] units. Such polyhedra lead to the formation of nanocrystalline phases of stoichiometric and substoichiometric vanadium oxides, which were observed in the amorphous phase.

Microstructural characterization of a cast RENi5-based alloy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1176-1177
Author(s):  
G. M. Micha ◽  
L. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Binary Compound ◽  
Nickel Metal ◽  
Cast Material ◽  
Nickel Metal Hydride ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cast Condition

RENi5 (RE: rare earth) based alloys have been extensively evaluated for use as an electrode material for nickel-metal hydride batteries. A variety of alloys have been developed from the prototype intermetallic compound LaNi5. The use of mischmetal as a source of rare earth combined with transition metal and Al substitutions for Ni has caused the evolution of the alloy from a binary compound to one containing eight or more elements. This study evaluated the microstructural features of a complex commercial RENi5 based alloy using scanning and transmission electron microscopy.The alloy was evaluated in the as-cast condition. Its chemistry in at. pct. determined by bulk techniques was 12.1 La, 3.2 Ce, 1.5 Pr, 4.9 Nd, 50.2 Ni, 10.4 Co, 5.3 Mn and 2.0 Al. The as-cast material was of low strength, very brittle and contained a multitude of internal cracks. TEM foils could only be prepared by first embedding pieces of the alloy in epoxy.

Characterization of columns grown during KrF laser micromachining of Al2O3–TiC ceramics

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1123-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Oliveira ◽  
R. Vilar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reducing Conditions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Column Formation ◽  
Krf Laser

This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of column formation mechanisms in Al2O3–TiC ceramics micromachined using excimer lasers. Chemical and structural characterization of columns grown in Al2O3–TiC composite processed with 200 KrF laser pulses at 10 J/cm2 was carried out by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction analysis. Fully developed columns consist of a core of unprocessed material surrounded by an outer layer of Al2TiO5, formed in oxidizing conditions, and an inner layer, formed in reducing conditions, composed of TiC and Al3Ti or an AlTi solid solution. Possible mechanisms of column formation are discussed.

Synthesis and characterization of homogeneous lead-substituted tin oxide with the (110) face of rutile structure

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2076-2079
Author(s):  
Chika Nozaki ◽  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Kenji Tabata ◽  
Eiji Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Rutile Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Synthesis of a rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide with (110) face was investigated. The characterization was performed by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area measurements. The homogeneous rutile-type lead-substituted tin oxide was obtained until 4.1 mol% of tin was substituted with lead. The surface of obtained oxide had a homogeneously lead-substituted (110) face.

Characterization of Fe–Ni(C) nanocapsules synthesized by arc discharge in methane

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1782-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Dong ◽  
Z. D. Zhang ◽  
S. R. Jin ◽  
W. M. Sun ◽  
X. G. Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Carbon Layer ◽  
Magnetization Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Energy Disperse Spectroscopy

Ultrafine Fe–Ni(C) particles of various compositions were prepared by arc discharge synthesis in a methane atmosphere. The particles were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy disperse spectroscopy, chemical analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and magnetization measurement. The carbon atoms solubilizing at interstitial sites in γ–(Fe, Ni, C) solution particles have the effects of forming austenite structure and changing microstructures as well as magnetic properties. A carbon layer covers the surface of Fe–Ni(C) particles to form the nanocapsules and protect them from oxidization. The mechanism of forming Fe–Ni(C) nanocapsules in the methane atmosphere was analyzed.

Microstructural Characterization of Pt/Ti and RuO2 Electrodes on SiO2/Si Annealed in the Oxygen Ambient

1996 ◽  
Vol 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Soo Lee ◽  
Hyun JA Kwon ◽  
Young Woo Jeong ◽  
Hyun HA Kim ◽  
Kyu HO Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Film Surface ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Silicide Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Degree Of Oxidation ◽  
Thin Interlayer ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractMicrostructures and interdiffusions of Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si and RuO2/SiO2/Si during annealing in O2 were investigated using x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The degree of oxidation and the interdiffusion of elements have remarkably increased with increasing temperature above 500 °C for the Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si case. The generation of Pt hillocks commenced at 500 °C. The Pt-silicide phase was also observed near the TiOx/SiO2 interface. The microstructural variations occurred to only a small amount for the RuO2/SiO2/Si case over the temperature range 300 – 700 °C. While there was no hillock formation, the RuO2 film surface was roughened by the thermal grooving phenomenon. A thin interlayer phase was found at the RuO2/SiO2 interface.

Preparation and characterization of CuInS2 nanorods and nanotubes from an elemental solvothermal reaction

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 2805-2809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Jiang ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Shengwen Yuan ◽  
Bo Xie ◽  
Shuyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Transfer Reaction ◽  
Solvothermal Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

A simple and convenient solvothermal reaction has been developed to produce CuInS2 nanorods and nanotubes from the elements in ethylenediamine at 280 °C. The products were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Analysis shows that the coordinating ability of ethylenediamine and the existence of liquid In may play important roles in the growth of one-dimension nanocrystallites and the electron-transfer reaction. In addition, spherical CuInS2 micrometer particles were obtained at 350 °C.

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