Tribological improvement of hardened and tempered AISI 4140 steel against Al2O3 by using bio-lubricant

MRS Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (62) ◽  
pp. 3873-3881 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Hernández-Sierra ◽  
R. Ortega-Álvarez ◽  
M.G. Bravo-Sánchez ◽  
L.D. Aguilera-Camacho ◽  
J.S. García-Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Wear Track ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Aisi 4140 Steel ◽  
Aisi 4140 ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Sliding Distance

ABSTRACTAISI 4140 steel is a popular low alloy steel due to its wide applications as workpiece in the metal-mechanic industry; there are extensive research about surface modification to enhance its properties for specific applications. The focus of this study was to investigate the influence of the nature of lubricants, mineral and vegetable oils, on the tribological performance of the hardened and tempered AISI 4140 steel against alumina (Al2O3). For this purpose, friction tests were conducted in a pin on disc tribometer according to ASTM standard G 99-05, at room temperature of 25 °C and in air with about 30% relative humidity. Lubricants were selected to be commercial Holifa B22/2 oil as mineral oil and Castor Oil as bio-lubricant, with kinematic viscosity at 25 °C of 667 and 662 cSt respectively. The following conditions were settled for all the experiments: relative sliding speed of 0.05 ms-1, sliding distance of 1000 m and wear track radius of 2 mm. Friction behaviour was reported as the average kinetic friction coefficient (µK) while wear performance was evaluated as wear rate (K). In order to identify and determine wear mechanisms, worn surfaces were analyzed by optical microscopy and profilometry. It was found that, for these tribosystems, hardened and tempered AISI 4140 steel had the best friction and wear performance under lubrication with Castor Oil. The lowest µK achieved was 0.035, whereas the lowest K was 1.02x10-8 mm3/Nm. With this bio-lubricant, there were reductions in friction and wear up to 72% compared with those under mineral oil lubrication.

scholarly journals Tribological Studies on AISI 1040 with Raw and Modified Versions of Pongam and Jatropha Vegetable Oils as Lubricants

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Shashidhara ◽  
S. R. Jayaram
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Lubrication Regimes ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Stribeck Curves ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Friction And Wear Tests ◽  
Film Lubrication

The friction and wear tests on AISI 1040 are carried out under raw, modified versions of two nonedible vegetable oils Pongam (Pongamia pinnata) and Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) and also commercially available mineral oil using a pin-on-disc tribometer for various sliding distances and loads. A significant drop in friction and wear for AISI 1040 is observed under Pongam and Jatropha raw oil compared to mineral oil, for the complete tested sliding distance and load, increasing the potential of vegetable oil for tribological applications. Stribeck curves are also drawn to understand the regimes of lubrication. Both the vegetable oils showed a clear reduction in the boundary lubrication regimes, leading to an early start of full film lubrication.

The Reduction of Adhesion by Ion Implantation

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hirano ◽  
S. Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Wear Track ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Boron Implantation ◽  
Argon Ion ◽  
Plate Geometry

The effects of boron and argon ion implantation on the tribological characteristics of SUS440C stainless steel, sliding against a SUS440C ball (unimplanted) were investigated at room temperature using a friction test apparatus employing a ball-plate geometry in the absence of a lubricant. Wear performance was estimated using a profilometer tracing of the specimen wear track. Boron implantation reduced both the friction and wear of SUS440C. The friction coefficient of SUS440C was reduced from 0.75 to 0.15. SEM observations of wear track topography suggest that the reduction of the friction coefficient can be attributed to reduced adhesion due to boron implantation. The friction coefficient of the boron implanted layer decreased with an increase in the total ion dose. Argon implantation was carried out to distinguish the effects of implantation from the influence of contamination. Argon implantation increased the friction coefficient from 0.8 to 1.0 in contrast with boron implantation.

MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF THE WEAR RESISTANCE OF SALT BATH NITRIDED AISI 4140 VIA ANN

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1350033 ◽  
Author(s):  
ŞERAFETTIN EKINCI ◽  
AHMET AKDEMIR ◽  
HUMAR KAHRAMANLI
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Back Propagation Algorithm ◽  
Aisi 4140 Steel ◽  
Aisi 4140 ◽  
Sliding Distance

Nitriding is usually used to improve the surface properties of steel materials. In this way, the wear resistance of steels is improved. We conducted a series of studies in order to investigate the microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of salt bath nitrided AISI 4140 steel. The present study has two parts. For the first phase, the tribological behavior of the AISI 4140 steel which was nitrided in sulfinuz salt bath (SBN) was compared to the behavior of the same steel which was untreated. After surface characterization using metallography, microhardness and sliding wear tests were performed on a block-on-cylinder machine in which carbonized AISI 52100 steel discs were used as the counter face. For the examined AISI 4140 steel samples with and without surface treatment, the evolution of both the friction coefficient and of the wear behavior were determined under various loads, at different sliding velocities and a total sliding distance of 1000 m. The test results showed that wear resistance increased with the nitriding process, friction coefficient decreased due to the sulfur in salt bath and friction coefficient depended systematically on surface hardness. For the second part of this study, four artificial neural network (ANN) models were designed to predict the weight loss and friction coefficient of the nitrided and unnitrided AISI 4140 steel. Load, velocity and sliding distance were used as input. Back-propagation algorithm was chosen for training the ANN. Statistical measurements of R2, MAE and RMSE were employed to evaluate the success of the systems. The results showed that all the systems produced successful results.

Some Tribological Properties of an Ionic Liquid

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Nogi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Lubrication Regime ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction

Some tribological properties of an ionic liquid were investigated by using a pin-on-disc friction and wear tester. Due to running-in, the coefficient of friction of the ionic liquid decreased with time to a very low value of 0.02 which suggests that the lubrication regime was hydrodynamic at the end of the tests. Anti-wear performance of the ionic liquid was substantially comparable to a paraffin-based oil.

Influence of boric acid additive size on green lubricant performance

2010 ◽  
Vol 368 (1929) ◽  
pp. 4851-4868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Lovell ◽  
M. A. Kabir ◽  
Pradeep L. Menezes ◽  
C. Fred Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Vortex Generator ◽  
Green Manufacturing ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Average Size ◽  
20 Nm

As the industrial community moves towards green manufacturing processes, there is an increased demand for multi-functional, environmentally friendly lubricants with enhanced tribological performance. In the present investigation, green (environmentally benign) lubricant combinations were prepared by homogeneously mixing nano- (20 nm), sub-micrometre- (600 nm average size) and micrometre-scale (4 μm average size) boric acid powder additives with canola oil in a vortex generator. As a basis for comparison, lubricants of base canola oil and canola oil mixed with MoS 2 powder (ranging from 0.5 to 10 μm) were also prepared. Friction and wear experiments were carried out on the prepared lubricants using a pin-on-disc apparatus under ambient conditions. Based on the experiments, the nanoscale (20 nm) particle boric acid additive lubricants significantly outperformed all of the other lubricants with respect to frictional and wear performance. In fact, the nanoscale boric acid powder-based lubricants exhibited a wear rate more than an order of magnitude lower than the MoS 2 and larger sized boric acid additive-based lubricants. It was also discovered that the oil mixed with a combination of sub-micrometre- and micrometre-scale boric acid powder additives exhibited better friction and wear performance than the canola oil mixed with sub-micrometre- or micrometre-scale boric acid additives alone.

scholarly journals Influence of Surface Finishing and Binder Phase on Friction and Wear of WC Based Hardmetals

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 2403-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koenraad Bonny ◽  
Patrick de Baets ◽  
Omer Van der Biest ◽  
Jef Vleugels ◽  
Bert Lauwers
Keyword(s):  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Surface Finishing ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Binder Phase ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
The One ◽  
Sliding Distance ◽  
Nickel Binder

At present, cobalt is the most commonly used binder material in tungsten carbide based hardmetals. Current research on sliding wear performance of these cemented carbides, however, reveals promising results for nickel binder as well. Test samples of WC-Co and WC-Ni hardmetals have been machined and surface finished by wire-EDM and grinding. From comparative dry sliding pin-on-plate experiments on wire-EDM’ed, ground and polished grades, correlations are derived between wear volume loss and friction on the one hand and contact pressure, sliding distance, binder phase and microstructure on the other hand. The lowest wear levels are encountered with polished cemented carbides. The EDM induced surface modification turns out to deteriorate wear resistance, especially during the running-in stage of sliding. These findings are in agreement with Xray diffraction measurements of the residual stress level in the WC phase.

HIGH-TEMPERATURE TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIORS OF TiNi/Ti2Ni ALLOYED LAYER ON SURFACE OF Ti6Al4V ALLOY

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750028 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHENXIA WANG ◽  
HAIRUI WU ◽  
NAIMING LIN ◽  
XIAOHONG YAO ◽  
ZHIYONG HE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Alloyed Layer ◽  
Surface Alloying ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Ti6al4v Substrate ◽  
Oxidation Wear ◽  
Plasma Surface Alloying

Plasma surface alloying (PSA) technique was employed with nickel as incident ions to prepare the TiNi/Ti2Ni alloyed layer on surface of Ti6Al4V. High-temperature friction and wear performance of TiNi/Ti2Ni alloyed layer and the Ti6Al4V substrate were evaluated at 500[Formula: see text]C. The results indicated that the TiNi/Ti2Ni alloyed layer exhibited superior high-temperature wear performance. The variations of friction coefficient were the same rule but wear rate was lower compared to Ti6Al4V substrate. The wear mechanism of TiNi/Ti2Ni alloyed layer was mainly slight abrasion and the Ti6Al4V substrate showed abrasion and oxidation wear. The friction coefficient of the TiNi/Ti2Ni alloyed layer decreased from 0.90 to 0.50 with the increase of temperature from room temperature to 500[Formula: see text]C.

scholarly journals Thermal Stability and Lubrication Properties of Biodegradable Castor Oil on AISI 4140 Steel

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Hernández-Sierra ◽  
Luis Aguilera-Camacho ◽  
José Báez-García ◽  
J. García-Miranda ◽  
Karla Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Aisi 4140 Steel ◽  
Aisi 4140 ◽  
Lubrication Properties

Effect of Reinforcement on the Tribological Behavior of CuFe-Based Composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 868 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Hai Xia Guo ◽  
Nan Qu ◽  
Jian Feng Yang ◽  
Jun-Ichi Matsushita ◽  
Seung Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Wear Track ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Reinforcement Particle ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Friction Test ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Braking Performance

Two types of CuFe matrix composites with different reinforcements: silica and alumina particulates were developed using powder metallurgy. The mechanical properties were determined from Brinell hardness and flexural strength. The dry sliding friction and wear performance of the composites were investigated by the friction test. The results indicated that mechanical properties of alumina were superior to those of silica. The friction tests of the composites showed that the alumina reinforcement particle provides better braking performance. A wear track examination of composites showed that same abrasive wear. Our results indicated that composites with alumina reinforcement particles of high compatibility are to be preferred for braking performance.

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