Optical Waveguide Biosensors for Highly Sensitive and High-Throughput Applications

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 755-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Uematsu ◽  
Ichiro Tohno ◽  
Shingo Kasai ◽  
Masaaki Hirakawa ◽  
Kayoko Omiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Waveguide ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Response Speed ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Light Waveguide ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

ABSTRACTIn the present study, highly sensitive and high-throughput optical waveguide biosensors were fabricated by using the sensing membranes containing dye and polymer-enzyme complex. Optical light waveguide can detect the optical change in the vicinity of the guide surface with high sensitivity due to the evanescent wave scattering. The glucose sensing membranes, composed of dye, enzymes, and biocompatible polymers were prepared by solution processing on the optical waveguide. Herein, we used 3, 3’, 5, 5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMBZ) as a dye, glucose oxidase (GOD) and peroxidase (POD) as enzymes, phosphatide polymer for protection of biological activity of enzyme, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a binder. Then we focused on the optimal composition and structure of sensing membranes for the enhancement in the sensitivity and response speed. The developed glucose sensors demonstrated 20 times higher sensitivity than the conventional light waveguide glucose sensors and the low-detection limit of 0.1g/L glucose within the detection time of 60 sec. For further improvement in the sensitivity, microporous sensing membranes were fabricated by using electrospraying technique. The electroprayed sensing membranes gave 40 % higher sensitivity than nonporous sensing membranes. These results show that both the composition and structure of sensing membrane are crucial factors for highly sensitive and high-throughput optical waveguide biosensors.

Cuprous Oxide Films with Hollow Cubic Cage Structure for Nonenzymatic Glucose Detection

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950045
Author(s):  
Fang Sun ◽  
Lehong Xing ◽  
Xihui Yang ◽  
Hailiang Huang ◽  
Lina Ning
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Cage Structure ◽  
Active Materials ◽  
Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor ◽  
Step Procedure

In this study, CuO films with hollow cubic cages were prepared by a facile two-step procedure consisting of electrodeposition synthesis and subsequent direct calcination. First, Cu2O nanocubes were fabricated on ITO substrate through a simple electrodeposition procedure. Then, Cu2O nanocubes were converted to CuO hollow cubic cages without obvious morphological change through direct calcination. The obtained CuO cubic cages serving as active materials illustrated a favorable performance for nonenzymatic glucose sensing with high sensitivity of [Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]mM[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] at a low applied potential of 0.50[Formula: see text]V, fast-response time (less than 3[Formula: see text]s), low detection limit of 1.0[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M and wide linear range up from 2.0[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M to 1.0[Formula: see text]mM ([Formula: see text]). Moreover, the good selectivity of the CuO cubic cages-based nonenzymatic glucose sensor against electroactive compounds such as ascorbic acid, uric acid and dopamine were also demonstrated. These good features indicate that the as-prepared CuO cubic cages can be used as promising electrode materials, which have a great potential in the development of sensitive and selective nonenzymatic glucose sensors.

Facet-dependent nonenzymatic glucose sensing properties of Cu2O cubes and octahedra

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 6573-6576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linli Tang ◽  
Jian Lv ◽  
Chuncai Kong ◽  
Zhimao Yang ◽  
Jianhui Li
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Linear Range ◽  
Sensing Properties ◽  
Lower Detection Limit ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Crystallographic Facets ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Cu2O cubes and octahedra which have different crystallographic facets have been used for the nonenzymatic glucose sensors. A Cu2O octahedra modified electrode shows higher sensitivity, lower detection limit, and wider linear range than that of the cubes.

Highly Sensitive Room Temperature Hydrogen Sensors Based on Photochemically Deposited SnO2

2014 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 378-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaya Ichimura ◽  
Dengbaoleer Ao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Sensor Response ◽  
Hydrogen Sensors ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
Very High ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Highly sensitive room temperature hydrogen sensors based on undoped and Fe-doped SnO2 films were fabricated. The SnO2 films were deposited by the photochemical deposition using an aqueous solution containing SnSO4. For deposition of doped and undoped SnO2 films, a small amount of an aqueous solution was dropped on a glass substrate and irradiated by UV light. The sensors annealed at 200oC showed extremely high sensitivity to hydrogen, but the initial resistance was very high. The sensors annealed at 400oC had a much lower resistance, and thus the sensor response was able to be measured even by a pocket multimeter. The Fe-doped sample showed higher sensitivity compared with the undoped sample.

NANOSTRUCTURED Pt–Ir NON-ENZYMATIC GLUCOSE SENSORS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueh-Yuan Fang ◽  
Yi-Cheng Hsieh ◽  
Cii-Wann Lin
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Working Electrode ◽  
Ir Sensors ◽  
Constant Potential ◽  
Nanostructured Pt ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Over the past decade, the development of non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensors had thriven at a considerable rate. Compared with the traditional enzymatic electrochemical biosensors, the non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensors have the advantages of higher sensitivity and stability. Recently, plenty of researches have devoted to synthesizing new materials, such as bimetallic nanoparticles, and also develop specific nanostructures on the sensor surface to solve the problem of poisoning and increase the selectivity. This work develops two non-enzymatic glucose sensors that are based on nanostructured Pt – Ir films which were deposited by electrodeposition. Because of the relatively high deposition current density, bubbles produced vigorously on the working electrode surface. This phenomenon results in leaf-like nanostructure formed naturally on the surface of the working electrode and further increased the catalytic reaction area. Besides, as determined by the sampling analysis method that is developed herein, the presented Pt – Ir sensors mitigate the current drifting problem which is easily observed when a constant potential is applied in an amperometric glucose detection. Furthermore, the presented Pt – Ir sensors show high sensitivity and stability in 1X PBS (0.15 M NaCl ) at 37°C in the glucose concentration range of 1–12 mM. Therefore, the presented non-enzymatic glucose sensors not only provide great potential in biomedical applications, such as homecare products, but can also be adapted for the biological application, such as continuous cell culture monitoring.

scholarly journals Highly Sensitive Voltammetric Glucose Biosensor Based on Glucose Oxidase Encapsulated in a Chitosan/Kappa-Carrageenan/Gold Nanoparticle Bionanocomposite

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault ◽  
Ilhem Rassas ◽  
Mohamed Braiek ◽  
Anne Bonhomme ◽  
François Bessueille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Gold Electrode ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Biosensor ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Kappa Carrageenan ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

In this work, an enzymatic sensor, based on a bionanocomposite film consisting of a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) [Chitosan/kappa-carrageenan] doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) encapsulating glucose oxidase (GOD) deposited on a gold electrode (Au) for glucose sensing, is described. Using the electrocatalytic synergy of AuNPs and GOD as a model of enzyme, the variation of the current (µA) as a function of the log of the glucose concentration (log [glucose]), shows 3 times higher sensitivity for the modified electrode (283.9) compared to that of the PEC/GOD modified electrode (93.7), with a detection limit of about 5 µM and a linearity range between 10µM and 7mM. The response of the PEC/AuNPs/GOD based biosensor also presents good reproducibility, stability and negligible interfering effects from ascorbic acid, uric acid, urea and creatinine. The applicability of the PEC/AuNPs/GOD based biosensor was tested in glucose-spiked saliva samples and acceptable recovery rates were obtained.

scholarly journals Highly Sensitive Voltammetric Glucose Biosensor Based on Glucose Oxidase Encapsulated in a Chitosan/Kappa-Carrageenan/Gold Nanoparticle Bionanocomposite

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilhem Rassas ◽  
Mohamed Braiek ◽  
Anne Bonhomme ◽  
Francois Bessueille ◽  
Guy Raffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Gold Electrode ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Complex ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Biosensor ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Kappa Carrageenan ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

In this work, an enzymatic sensor, based on a bionanocomposite film consisting of a polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) (Chitosan/kappa-carrageenan) doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) encapsulating glucose oxidase (GOD) deposited on a gold electrode (Au) for glucose sensing, is described. Using the electrocatalytic synergy of AuNPs and GOD as a model of enzyme, the variation of the current (µA) as a function of the log of the glucose concentration (log [glucose]), shows three times higher sensitivity for the modified electrode (283.9) compared to that of the PEC/GOD modified electrode (93.7), with a detection limit of about 5 µM and a linearity range between 10 µM and 7 mM. The response of the PEC/AuNPs/GOD based biosensor also presents good reproducibility, stability, and negligible interfering effects from ascorbic acid, uric acid, urea, and creatinine. The applicability of the PEC/AuNPs/GOD based biosensor was tested in glucose-spiked saliva samples and acceptable recovery rates were obtained.

scholarly journals Application of the Mirrorball High-Sensitivity Cytometer to Multiplexed Assays for Antibody Drug Discovery

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth England ◽  
Philip Newton ◽  
Frances Neal ◽  
Lisa Kitching ◽  
Caroline Colley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Binding Assays ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
Assay Sensitivity ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Hands On ◽  
High Throughput Assay ◽  
Laboratory Time

Highly sensitive, high-throughput assay technologies are required for the identification of antibody therapeutics. Multiplexed assay systems are particularly advantageous because they allow evaluation of several parameters within 1 well, increasing throughput and reducing hands-on laboratory time. The mirrorball (TTP Labtech), using high-throughput fluorometric microvolume assay technology, offers simultaneous scanning with up to 3 lasers as well as laser scatter detection. This makes the mirrorball especially suitable for the development of highly sensitive and multiplexed assays. We have developed bead- and cell-based binding assays that demonstrate how the multilaser capability of the mirrorball can be exploited to enhance assay sensitivity. In addition, using the multilaser simultaneous scanning capability, we have established multiplexed cytokine quantitation assays and antibody–cell binding assays. Our results demonstrate the potential utility of this technology to improve the sensitivity and efficiency of biologics screening, resulting in streamlining of the lead antibody selection process.

Galactosidase Enzyme Fragment Complementation as a High-Throughput Screening Protease Technology

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 398-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabassum Naqvi ◽  
Anice Lim ◽  
Riaz Rouhani ◽  
Raj Singh ◽  
Richard M. Eglen
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Cyclic Peptide ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Protease Cleavage ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Protease Assay

The authors describe a homogeneous, high-throughput screening (HTS) assay for measuring protease activity and detection of inhibitors. The assay comprises a cyclic β-galactosidase (β-gal) enzyme donor peptide (ED) containing a protease-selective cleavage sequence. Alone, the cyclic peptide is inactive, but when linearized following protease cleavage, ED complements with β-gal enzyme acceptor forming active β-gal enzyme. This then catalyzes the formation of either fluorescent or chemiluminescent products, with β-gal turnover providing a highly amplified signal, and thus an assay technology of high sensitivity. To demonstrate the utility of the technology, an EFC assay was developed to measure the activity of 2, caspase 3 and β-secretase. Using a cyclic ED containing the caspase 3 substrate sequence, DEVD, the EFC assay signal was linear with respect to caspase 3 concentration. The assay was very sensitive, being able to detect activity at low picogram amounts of caspase 3. For the β-secretase (BACE) EFC assay, a cyclic ED containing the Swedish mutant cleavage site of amyloid precursor protein (APP), SEVNLDAEFK, was used. In a similar fashion to the caspase 3 assay, the signal induced by BACE activity was linear with respect to enzyme concentration and was highly sensitive, being able to detect nanogram quantities of BACE. The assay was also more sensitive than a commercially available FRET-based assay of BACE activity. It is concluded that the EFC protease assay is a simple, flexible, and sensitive technology for HTS of proteases.

High-sensitivity detection of gold labels by high-angle dark-field STEM imaging

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 892-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max T. Otten
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Backscattered Electron Imaging ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Average Atomic Number ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
High Sensitivity Detection

Labelling of antibodies with small gold probes is a highly sensitive technique for detecting specific molecules in biological tissue. Larger gold probes are usually well visible in TEM or STEM Bright-Field images of unstained specimens. In stained specimens, however, the contrast of the stain is frequently the same as that of the gold labels, making it virtually impossible to identify the labels, especially when smaller gold labels are used to increase the sensitivity of the immunolabelling technique. TEM or STEM Dark-Field images fare no better (Figs. 1a and 2a), again because of the absence of a clear contrast difference between gold labels and stain.Potentially much more useful is backscattered-electron imaging, since this will show differences in average atomic number which are sufficiently large between the metallic gold and the stains normally used. However, for the thin specimens and at high accelerating voltages of the STEM, the yield of backscattered electrons is very small, resulting in a very weak signal. Consequently, the backscattered-electron signal is often too noisy for detecting small labels, even for large spot sizes.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Glucose Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4672
Author(s):  
Mohamed H. Hassan ◽  
Cian Vyas ◽  
Bruce Grieve ◽  
Paulo Bartolo
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
Direct Electrochemistry ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Sensors ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity

The detection of glucose is crucial in the management of diabetes and other medical conditions but also crucial in a wide range of industries such as food and beverages. The development of glucose sensors in the past century has allowed diabetic patients to effectively manage their disease and has saved lives. First-generation glucose sensors have considerable limitations in sensitivity and selectivity which has spurred the development of more advanced approaches for both the medical and industrial sectors. The wide range of application areas has resulted in a range of materials and fabrication techniques to produce novel glucose sensors that have higher sensitivity and selectivity, lower cost, and are simpler to use. A major focus has been on the development of enzymatic electrochemical sensors, typically using glucose oxidase. However, non-enzymatic approaches using direct electrochemistry of glucose on noble metals are now a viable approach in glucose biosensor design. This review discusses the mechanisms of electrochemical glucose sensing with a focus on the different generations of enzymatic-based sensors, their recent advances, and provides an overview of the next generation of non-enzymatic sensors. Advancements in manufacturing techniques and materials are key in propelling the field of glucose sensing, however, significant limitations remain which are highlighted in this review and requires addressing to obtain a more stable, sensitive, selective, cost efficient, and real-time glucose sensor.

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