The role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of falls and fractures

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (19) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antal Salamon ◽  
Csaba Biró ◽  
Erzsébet Toldy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age

The diverse effects of vitamin D in human body became known during the last years. Vitamin D deficiency causes many problems in medical care. Important roles of vitamin D are the regulation of calcium metabolism and the effect on bone metabolism. The authors review literature data on vitamin D deficiency recognized as an important risk factor in the pathogenesis of falls and fractures and they call attention of Hungarian physicians to the importance of vitamin D substitution. Supplementation of vitamin D deficiency is particularly important in the elderly age-group. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 731–736.

THE ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF THE ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
N. L. Lystsova ◽  
Tatiana Ivanovna Petelina ◽  
L. I. Gapon ◽  
K. S. Avdeeva ◽  
S. G. Bucova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Hormonal Status ◽  
Age Changes ◽  
Numerous Data ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, accumulated numerous data on the pathogenetic links of the formation of arterial hypertension. A number of studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency, associated with age, changes in sex hormonal status, increased tone of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, endothelial dysfunction, and calcium metabolism, can be one of the mechanisms of development and progression of arterial hypertension. The purpose of the review was to summarize the results of the original domestic and foreign studies, prospective observations and meta-analyzes on the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and arterial hypertension.

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25(OH)D levels and blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Farapti Farapti ◽  
Chusnul Fadilla ◽  
Niwanda Yogiswara ◽  
Merryana Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
And Control

Background: Hypertension and vitamin D deficiency are prevalent among the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and blood pressure (BP) in the elderly (age > 60 years). Methods: Randomized controlled trials from electronic databases on the elderly taking oral vitamin D, until the end of March 2019, were selected. Two reviewers independently screened the literature on the basis of specific inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes were serum 25(OH)D level, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) changes. Results: Our analysis revealed significant differences in serum 25(OH)D level changes between the vitamin D and control groups (mean difference [MD] = 13.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.21–17.47; P < 0.000). There were no significant differences in SBP and DBP changes between the vitamin D and control groups. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in SBP changes between the hypertensive and vitamin D-deficient subgroups (MD = –4.01; 95% CI = –7.45 to –0.57; P = 0.02 and MD = –1.91; 95% CI = –3.48 to –0.34; P = 0.02, respectively), and DBP changes only in the hypertensive subgroup (MD = –2.22; 95% CI = –4.1 to –0.34; P = 0.02). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation significantly increases 25(OH)D levels and seems beneficial in lowering BP, specifically in the elderly with elevated BP and vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals The Role of Vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 related deaths in BAME, Obese and Other High-risk Categories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshani King
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Disproportionate Number ◽  
Strong Body ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Tract Infections

It is now widely known that a disproportionate number of COVID-19 related mortalities in the UK havebeen in non-white, BAME populations [2]. The obese, diabetics, hypertensives and the elderly havealso been disproportionately affected. BAME doctors account for 94% of total deaths of doctors butcomprise 44% of doctors [1]. The suggestion that these deaths result from deprivation does not fitwith the high numbers of deaths of doctors and others in higher socio-economic classes; there mustbe a different and perhaps more comprehensive explanation.This review examines the compelling body of evidence strongly implicating varying levels of serumvitamin D levels in the significantly disparate outcomes between different groups of people andbetween different countries. It explores the extent of vitamin D deficiency, highlighting countries andcategories of people most likely to be deficient. It demonstrates that the UK suffers from exceptionallyhigh levels of vitamin D deficiency with serum levels averaging only 20ng/ml, half the optimal level; Itexamines the strong body of existing evidence connecting vitamin D deficiency to increasedrespiratory tract infections highlighting the central epigenetic role of vitamin D in immune systemresponses during a respiratory tract infection with SARS-CoV-2; It reviews research flaggingcorrelations between COVID-19 outcomes and vitamin D deficiency and studies providing the firstdirect evidence linking low vitamin D status with worse outcomes from COVID-19. Cautions regardingfuture trial designs and lack of evidence for toxicity concerns are both discussed. Current UK guidelinesrecommend 400 IU of vitamin D per day whereas 6,000-10,000 IU per day is required to maintainblood levels of 40ng/ml, widely accepted as being the level required to support immunity, optimalhealth, and reduction in all-cause mortality. The financial cost of vitamin D deficiency in the UK hasbeen estimated at around £20 billion per annum.

scholarly journals The role of calcium and vitamin D in arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
И.А. Туйзарова ◽  
Т.С. Свеклина ◽  
В.А. Козлов ◽  
Р.Т. Сардинов
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Relationship Of

В ряде последних эпидемиологических и ретроспективных исследований представлены доказательства роли кальция и витамина D в развитие артериальной гипертензии и связанной с ней сердечной недостаточностью. Дефицит витамина D, который может встречаться у 82,5% населения, и связанное с ним нарушение обмена кальция, эпидемиологи расценивают как пандемию. Цель обзора - систематизация современных сведений о роли кальциевого гомеостаза и дефицита витамина D в формировании артериальной гипертензии. В обзоре литературы рассмотрены вопросы связи артериальной гипертензии с плазменными концентрациями кальция и холекальциферолов. Анализ данных литературы свидетельствует, что у молодых людей стойкое повышение артериального давления ассоциировано с высокими плазменными концентрациями Ca2+, а у пожилых, особенно лиц с остеопорозом - с низкими. Циркадианные колебания плазменных концентраций кальция совпадают с изменением величины артериального давления. Данные ряда проспективных исследований и метаанализов о связи артериальной гипертензии и низких концентраций холекальциферолов в крови подтверждены экспериментами на мышах с нокаутированным геном рецептора витамина D. Низкие концентрации витамина D в плазме крови сопровождаются уменьшением высвобождения оксида азота, поэтому предполагают, что витамин D является эндокринным регулятором ренин-ангиотензиновой системы. Дефицит витамина D осложняет течение заболеваний, ассоциированных с артериальной гипертензией (хроническая сердечная недостаточность, сахарный диабет второго типа, ожирение). Вне зависимости от географического места проживания у значительной части населения наблюдается дефицит холекальциферолов в крови. Уменьшение плазменных концентраций холекальциферолов у пожилых людей, особенно сочетанное с остеопорозом, ассоциируется с инсулинорезистентностью и АГ. Дефицит витамина D во время беременности и концентрации ниже 11 нг/мл при рождении и 25 нг/мл в раннем детстве увеличивают риск высокого систолического давления более чем в 1,5 раза. Заключение: результаты нескольких независимых метаанализов убедили авторов в необходимости включения активных форм витамина D в плановую терапию артериальной гипертензии. Several recent epidemiological and retrospective studies have provided evidence for the role of calcium and vitamin D in development of hypertension and related heart failure. Epidemiologists regard as a pandemic the vitamin D deficiency, which may occur in 82.5% of the population and be associated with calcium metabolism disorders. The aim of the review was to systematize current information about the role of calcium homeostasis and vitamin D deficiency in the development of hypertension. The review addresses the relationship of blood pressure (BP) with plasma concentrations of calcium and cholecalciferols. In young people, a persistent BP elevation correlates with high plasma concentrations of Ca2+ whereas in the elderly, particularly those with osteoporosis, high BP correlates with low Ca2+. Circadian fluctuations of plasma calcium parallel changes in BP. A number of prospective studies and meta-analyses has reported a relationship of hypertension and low blood cholecalciferols. These results were confirmed by experiments on knockout mice lacking the vitamin D receptor gene. Low plasma concentrations of vitamin D are associated with decreased release of nitric oxide, which suggests that vitamin D is an endocrine regulator of the renin-angiotensin system. Vitamin D deficiency complicates the course of diseases associated with hypertension (chronic heart failure, type 2 diabetes, obesity). Regardless of the geographical location of the residence, a significant part of the population has a shortage of cholecalciferols in the blood. Decreased plasma concentrations of cholecalciferols in the elderly, particularly in combination with osteoporosis, is associated with insulin resistance and hypertension. Vitamin D shortage during pregnancy and its concentrations <11 ng/ml at birth and <25 ng/ml in early childhood increase the risk of high systolic BP more than 1.5 times. Conclusion: Results of several independent metaanalyses warrant the inclusion of active forms of vitamin D into regimens of antihypertensive treatment.

P3418The relationship between circulating vitamin d3 and subclinical atherosclerosis in elderly asian: contributor or bystander?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Lu ◽  
R Chou ◽  
Y Tsai ◽  
P Huang
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Serum Vitamin D

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency had been suggested to be the risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. However, current evidence about the association between vitamin D deficiency and atherosclerosis are conflicted and inconclusive. Purpose We tried to investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D concentrations and subclinical atherosclerosis in the elderly Asian population. Methods The I-Lan longitudinal study (ILAS), 1798 community-dwelling adults older than 50 years old were enrolled and divided into two groups according to serum vitamin D level (sufficient, ≥20 ng/mL, and deficient <20 ng/mL). The concentrations of serum vitamin D3 was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay and demographic data recorded from chart review. The carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured at bilateral common carotid arteries. Subclinical atherosclerosis was defined as mean cIMT more than 0.81mm, which had been proved to be associated with an increased risk of stroke and coronary events. Results Subjects with vitamin D deficiency (n=604, 33.6%) were younger, composed of more woman, smoker, with a higher incidence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Compared with subjects without vitamin D sufficiency, patients with vitamin D deficiency were associated with lower risk of subclinical atherosclerosis (crude OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.50–0.81, p<0.001) in the univariate analysis. However, after adjusting gender and age, vitamin D deficiency was no more associated with risk of subclinical atherosclerosis. Risk of vitD3 and cIMT Subclinical Atherosclerosis (cIMT >0.8mm) Odds Ratio 95% Confidence Interval p-value Model 1   Vit D3 normal (≥20) Reference – –   Vit D3 deficiency (<20) 0.63 0.50–0.81 <0.001 Model 2   Vit D3 normal (≥20) Reference – –   Vit D3 deficiency (<20) 0.81 0.62–1.06 0.127 Model 3   Vit D3 normal (≥20) Reference – –   Vit D3 deficiency (<20) 0.93 0.69–1.24 0.599 Model 1: adjust for vit D3 (univariate); Model 2: adjusted for age, vit D3, Gender; Model 3: adjusted multivariate significantly in univariate analysis. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency was not an independent risk factor for subclinical atherosclerosis in the elderly Asian population. The association observed in the univariate analysis may be confounded by gender difference or comorbidities.

Role of vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for infections in cirrhotic patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haidi K. Ramadan ◽  
Nahed A. Makhlouf ◽  
Amal A. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohamed Abd Elrhman ◽  
Muhammad Abbas El-Masry
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25(OH)D levels and blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Farapti Farapti ◽  
Chusnul Fadilla ◽  
Niwanda Yogiswara
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
And Control

Background: Hypertension and vitamin D deficiency are prevalent among the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and blood pressure (BP) in the elderly (age > 60 years). Methods: Randomized controlled trials from electronic databases on the elderly taking oral vitamin D, until the end of March 2019, were selected. Two reviewers independently screened the literature on the basis of specific inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes were serum 25(OH)D level, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) changes. Results: Our analysis revealed significant differences in serum 25(OH)D level changes between the vitamin D and control groups (mean difference [MD] = 13.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.21–17.47; P < 0.000). There were no significant differences in SBP and DBP changes between the vitamin D and control groups. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in SBP changes between the hypertensive and vitamin D-deficient subgroups (MD = –4.01; 95% CI = –7.45 to –0.57; P = 0.02 and MD = –1.91; 95% CI = –3.48 to –0.34; P = 0.02, respectively), and DBP changes only in the hypertensive subgroup (MD = –2.22; 95% CI = –4.1 to –0.34; P = 0.02). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation significantly increases 25(OH)D levels and seems beneficial in lowering BP, specifically in the elderly with elevated BP and vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Is vitamin D deficiency contributing to high predisposition to non-communicable diseases in Indians? A review article

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 2637
Author(s):  
Amrita Sarkar ◽  
Debjit Roy
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Immunosuppressant Therapy ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Health Education And Promotion

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in Indians. The role of vitamin D in infectious diseases is a well-known fact. However, more recently, several studies have linked vitamin D deficiency with various non-communicable diseases like hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and psychiatric illnesses amongst others. Indians are known to be prone to developing non-communicable diseases so a co-existing vitamin D deficiency will lead to a synergistic effect towards developing the same. Since vitamin D deficiency is completely preventable, opportunistic screening of people, screening the vulnerable population like the pregnant women and the elderly, patients with hepatic or renal failure, patients on retroviral or immunosuppressant therapy can be useful. Health education and promotion activities should be done to bring awareness in the community. This might as well reduce the growing burden of non-communicable diseases in India. 

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency and its Importance - A Global Problem of Today, Realistic or Not?

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivera Z. Milovanović
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Metabolic Product ◽  
World Population ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Abstract Vitamin D, also known as the “sun vitamin” in the literature, has been examined for many years and still arouses researchers’ interest due to the pleiotropic effects achieved in the human body. Because of the influence on mineral homeostasis, the initially observed effects of vitamin D on the prevention and treatment of rickets, have now been extended to a large number of diseases with different aetiologies such as cardiovascular, autoimmune, endocrine, infectious, neurological, malignant and other diseases. Due to the large number of experimental studies in animals and humans, we have exact information about the role of vitamin D in many of these conditions. Reaching an adequate level of 25(OH)D in the human body is a basic requirement for the realization of these effects; 25(OH)D is a metabolic product that reflects the vitamin D status but that does not have any biological activity. The biological activities of vitamin D can occur only after the formation of a second metabolic product, 1,25(OH)2D, in the kidneys. The three main sources of acquiring vitamin D are through food, skin and supplementation. Food is not a rich source of vitamin D; it is clear that the most important influences to achieve an optimal vitamin D status in the human body are vitamin D synthesis at the skin and adequate supplementation intake. An alarming fact is that vitamin D deficiency is detected in an increasing number of people from one day to another in the general world population and that this condition has pandemic dimensions. Introducing the beneficial effects and sources of vitamin D to the general population and to medical experts with adequate supplementation regime can decrease the number of people who are vitamin D deficient.

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