scholarly journals Macroscopic and histological characteristics of fluid-filled ovarian structures in dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orsolya Balogh ◽  
Ernő Túry ◽  
Zsolt Abonyi-Tóth ◽  
John Kastelic ◽  
György Gábor
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
Group A ◽  
Fibrous Cyst ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Group B

The primary objective of this study was to use macroscopic and histological features of corpora lutea with a cavity and anovulatory cystic ovarian structures, present in 90 pairs of abattoir-derived dairy cow ovaries, as the basis to clarify the nomenclature of ovarian structures. Excluding morphologically normal ovarian fol-licles (antrum < 2 cm, wall < 1 mm), there were 27 fluid-filled ovarian structures. Ovulatory structures > 16 mm in diameter were designated as Group A (cavity ≤ 10 mm and wall > 10 mm) or Group B (cavity > 10 mm and wall < 10 mm). The volume of luteal tissue was less (P < 0.05) in Group B than in Group A, whereas that of a solid corpus luteum (CL) was intermediate (least square means ± SEM: 72 ± 1.92, 11.22 ± 1.57 and 5.84 ± 1.92 cm3, respectively). There was a greater proportion (P < 0.05) of small luteal cells in Group B compared to a solid CL, whereas Group A was intermediate (58.6 ± 5.3, 37.4 ± 5.3 and 44.0 ± 4.4%, respectively). Connective tissue was thicker (P < 0.05) in Group B than in Group A (295.4 ± 46.9 vs. 153.9 ± 38.2 μm). Based on the above-mentioned characteristics and differences, Groups A and B were designated as a CL with a cavity and a cystic CL, respectively. Furthermore, there were three groups of anovulatory ovarian structures. Structures in Group C were termed persistent/anovulatory follicles (overall diameter and wall thickness ≤ 20 and 1–3 mm, respectively). Finally, Groups D and E were designated as a follicle-fibrous cyst and a follicle-luteinised cyst (based on histological structure) for anovulatory structures with an overall diameter and wall thickness of ≥ 20 and ≤ 3 mm, and ≥ 20 and ≥ 3 mm, respectively.

Dementia care mapping in nursing homes: effects on caregiver attitudes, job satisfaction, and burnout. A quasi-experimental trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1993-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Nikolaus Dichter ◽  
Diana Trutschel ◽  
Christian Günter Georg Schwab ◽  
Burkhard Haastert ◽  
Tina Quasdorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dementia Care ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Group A ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Care Mapping ◽  
Dementia Care Mapping

ABSTRACTBackground:The Dementia Care Mapping (DCM) method is an internationally recognized complex intervention in dementia research and care for implementing person-centered care. The Leben-QD II trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of DCM with regard to caregivers.Methods:The nine participating nursing home units were allocated to three groups: (1) DCM method experienced ≥ 1 year, (2) DCM newly introduced during this trial, and (3) regular rating of residents’ quality of life (control group). Linear mixed models were fit to cluster-aggregated data after 0, 6, and 18 months, adjusting for repeated measurements and confounders. The primary outcome was the Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire (ADQ) score; the secondary outcomes were the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI).Results:The analysis included 201 caregivers with 290 completed questionnaires (all three data collection time points). The ADQ showed a significant time and time*intervention effect. At baseline, the estimated least-square means for the ADQ were 71.98 (group A), 72.46 (group B), and 71.15 (group C). The non-linear follow-up of group A indicated an estimated-least square means of 69.71 (T1) and 68.97 (T2); for group B, 72.80 (T1) and 72.29 (T2); and for group C, 66.43 (T1) and 70.62 (T2).Conclusions:The DCM method showed a tendency toward negatively affecting the primary and secondary outcomes; this finding could be explained by the substantial deviation in adherence to the intervention protocol.

Phase I/II Study of Ipilimumab for Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 5950-5956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Weber ◽  
Steven O’Day ◽  
Walter Urba ◽  
John Powderly ◽  
Geoff Nichol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Clinical Activity ◽  
Multiple Doses ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

PurposeThe primary objective of this phase I/II study was to determine the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of either transfectoma- or a hybridoma-derived ipilimumab. Secondary objectives included determination of a maximum-tolerated dose and assessment of clinical activity.Patients and MethodsEighty-eight patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma with at least one measurable lesion were treated. Mean age was 59 years, with 65% male and 35% female patients, and 79% of patients had received prior systemic therapy. Single doses of ipilimumab up to 20 mg/kg (group A, single dose), multiple doses up to 5 mg/kg (group A, multiple dose), and multiple doses up to 10 mg/kg (group B) were administered.ResultsSingle dosing up to 20 mg/kg of transfectoma antibody was well tolerated, as were multiple doses up to 10 mg/kg without a maximum-tolerated dose. In group B, dose-limiting toxicity was seen in six of 23 melanoma patients. Grade 3 or 4 immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were observed in 14% of patients (12 of 88 patients), and grade 1 or 2 irAEs were seen in an additional 58%. The half-life of ipilimumab was 359 hours. In group B, there was one partial response (23+ months), one complete response (21+ months), and seven patients with stable disease (SD), for a disease control rate of 39%. Two patients in group B with SD had slow, steady decline in tumor burden that was ongoing at 1 year of observation.ConclusionIpilimumab has activity in patients with metastatic melanoma. Late responses were observed in patients with prolonged SD.

scholarly journals 123 PROGESTERONE LEVELS DURING 20 DAYS OF PREGNANCY IN RABBIT TREATED FOR ENDOMETRIOSIS OR WITH ANTI-CD44

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
M.J. Illera ◽  
P. Bermejo ◽  
A. Natarajan ◽  
C. Willingham ◽  
J. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Cell Surface Molecule ◽  
Group A ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Embryo implantation begins when the blastocyst both assumes a fixed position in the uterus and establishes a more intimate relationship with the endometrium. Successful implantation depends upon hormonal synchronization and development and the receptivity of the endometrium. CD44 is a cell surface molecule that has been implicated in the initial attachment of the embryo. The aim of this work was to study the hormonal levels of P4 in three groups of animals which have a normal pregnancy or an induced reduction in the number of implants. Twelve adult New Zealand does (n = 12) were naturally inseminated with a buck of proven fertility. Blood samples were obtained daily during 20 days of pregnancy. Hormonal determinations were performed by enzyme immunoassay. Animals were divided into three groups: group A (n = 4): control animals; group B (n = 4): endometriosis was surgically induced in the right horn a month before the animal was mated; and group C (n = 4): animals received an injection of 20 micrograms of anti-CD44 in the right horn via mid-ventral laparotomy on Day 6.5 post-coitum (0.5 mL each, from the ovarian end to the cervix). Each animal served as her own control with the left uterine horn receiving 0.5 mL of saline. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA.The number of corpora lutea was similar in all treatments. No statistical differences were found comparing CLs in the right/left ovary. In group A, a mean of 3.4 ± 0.47 (mean ± SE) implants was found in the right horn while the mean in the left side was 4.6 ± 0.81. In group B, a marked reduction in implantation sites was found, with 1.8 ± 0.60 and 4.66 ± 0.84 on the right and left horns, respectively. With anti-CD44 injected into the uterine horn (Group C), a mean of 0.12 implant was present in the right uterine horn compared with 3.6 implants on the left side (P < 0.001). Progesterone levels from Days 1 to 10 are shown in the following table (mean ± SE). Comparisons in day values are not statistically significant P > 0.05. After Day 10 the levels of progesterone were similar in all groups. The results showed an increase of progesterone levels in group B; this could be due to endometriosis and not to the number of implants. The results in the CD44 group reveal that progesterone profiles were similar to those in the control group, and we can conclude that the reduced number of implants found in group C did not affect the progesterone levels. Table 1. Progesterone levels (ng/mL) from Days 1 to 10 (mean ± SE)

scholarly journals Adrenaline and Dexamethasone, vs Adrenaline and Fluticasone, vs Adrenaline alone in Bronchiolitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Jayendra R. Gohil ◽  
Atul M. Sheladiya ◽  
N. B. Adithya ◽  
Ratna D. Bhojak
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background and Objectives: There is no consensus over which drug best reduces symptoms in Bronchiolitis syndrome. The primary objective of our study is to establish comparative effect of adrenaline nebulisation alone and combination of adrenaline nebulisation plus injectable dexamethasone and adrenaline nebulisation plus fluticasone nebulisation in the treatment of clinical cases of bronchiolitis. Methods: 100 patients diagnosed clinically as bronchiolitis were enrolled in study from 1 month to 24 months of age. Patients were enrolled by purposive sampling. Patients with respiratory distress assessment instrument score [RDAI] of 4 to 15 were chosen, randomized into three groups and treatment given till patient fullfilled discharge criteria. Group A (n=33) were given nebulised adrenaline alone, Group B (n=34) were given nebulised adrenaline plus injectable dexamethasone and Group C (n=33) were given nebulised adrenaline plus nebulised fluticasone. Results: The mean reduction in clinical severity-RDAI score was 1.75 ±0.86 in Group A, 2.30 ± 0.68 in Group B and 1.42 ± 0.9 in Group C when measured in terms of difference in clinical scores between day 1 and 2 (p=0.0003). Mean duration of hospital stay in the group A was (4.93±1.95 days), Group C (4.78±1.83) and Group B (3.91 ±1.37 days). The difference of stay between the Groups A and B was 1.02±0.58 days vs 0.87± 0.46 days in groups B and C (p-0.0048). Reduction in the length of hospital stay in group B was 22% compared to Group A & 19% compared to Group C (p-0.0048). Side effects were tachycardia in six patients. Conclusion: Combination of adrenaline nebulization and injectable dexamethasone was found significantly better as compared to nebulised adrenaline plus nebulised fluticasone and nebulised adrenaline alone in patients of clinical bronchiolitis in reducing severity of clinical symptoms and duration of hospitalization.

scholarly journals Superovulatory responses based on ovarian sizes after superstimulation in Thai-Holstein crossbred dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Rujira Chumchai ◽  
◽  
Thanaporn Ratsiri ◽  
Ruthaiporn Ratchamak ◽  
Wuttigrai Boonkum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
B Value ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Beta Coefficient ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Limited Possibility

This study was designed (1) to examine the relationship between ovary sides/sizes after superstimulation treatment and ovulatory responses in terms of large follicles, corpora lutea (CLs) numbers, and ovulation rate; and (2) to evaluate the coefficient of determination (R2) as a tool to predict the subsequent superovulatory responses by ovary sizes after superstimulation treatment in the Thai-Holstein crossbreed dairy cows. Data included 33 records from 12 superovulated Thai Holstein crossbreds. Cows were estrus synchronized on day 0 and superstimulated with 400 mg of FSH with decreasing doses twice daily for 4 days. After superovulatory treatment (day 9), the sizes of ovaries were measured and divided into 3 groups by quarters according to the ovarian sizes. Group A (< 816 mm2) ovaries were 25% smaller and group C (> 1449 mm2) ovaries were 25% larger than group B ovaries (816–1449 mm2). On day 9 and 16, there were no significant differences in the average ovary area (p > 0.05). The numbers of large follicles and CLs of group B and C were greater than those of group A (p < 0.05). The ovulation rate did not differ among groups (p > 0.05). The moderate R2 score between ovary size after superovulatory treatment and the numbers of dominant follicles and CLs were calculated (R2 = 0.445 and 0.370, p <0.05) while the beta coefficient (b-value) was positive for both observation parameters. In conclusion, the numbers of large follicles and CLs related to the size of ovaries after superovulation treatment. The moderate R2 score obtained in this study could be indicative of the limited possibility for using ovary size after superovulatory treatment for predicting superovulatory responses

Clinical benefits of sequential administration of docetaxel and intermittent erlotinib as a second-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A phase II randomized study.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18049-e18049
Author(s):  
Francisco Aparisi ◽  
Alfredo Sanchez-Hernandez ◽  
Vicente Giner ◽  
José Muñoz-Langa ◽  
Gaspar Esquerdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sequential Administration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

e18049 Background: Patients (p) with advanced NSCLC have few treatment options after progressing to 1st-line platinum doublet chemotherapy. Several preclinical and phase I studies have suggested that sequential administration of erlotinib (E) and docetaxel could avoid possible negative interactions and optimize the benefit obtained against NSCLC. This randomized phase II was designed to address the clinical benefit obtained with the use of sequential administration of docetaxel and intermittent E. Methods: 70 p with advanced NSCLC progressing to previous PDC for advanced disease were randomized (1:1): Group A (n = 34): Docetaxel 75 mg/m2 day 1 and intermittent E (day 2-16), up to 4 cycles, followed by E in monotherapy; and Group B (n = 36): E in monotherapy. Treatment was administered until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression. Primary endpoint: rate of p free of progression at 6 months; secondary endpoints: progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR) and safety. The study has completed enrolment. At the date of cut-off for this communication, data of 60 patients were available: 30 in Group A/30 in Group B. Results: Baseline characteristics: non-adenocarcinoma (60.3%), current/former smokers (95%), male (90%) and stage IV (87.9%). 6 months PFS: 13.5% in the sequential arm. PFS: 2.7 months (m) in Group A (95% CI 2.1 – 3.8) and 2 m in Group B (95% CI 1.7 – 2.4) p value 0.08. Median OS: 11.0 m (95% CI 4.5 – 13.4) in group A and 4.7m (95% CI 2.5 – 6.6) in Group B with a p value 0.02. DCR: 44.4% in the experimental group whereas in the E one was 30.8%. Adverse events (AEs), including skin rash and diarrhea, were all generally tolerable. Of interest, the low number of p developing neutropenia in the D + E arm. Conclusions: Although the primary objective has not been met, an encouraging benefit on survival has been shown in the exploratory analysis, with a median overall survival of 11 months for patients treated with the sequential regimen (p value 0.02). Final data will be presented during the meeting.

EVIDENCE FOR EXTENDED MAINTENANCE OF THE CORPUS LUTEUM BY UTERINE INFUSION OF A RECOMBINANT TROPHOBLAST α-INTERFERON (TROPHOBLASTIN) IN SHEEP

1990 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. R5-R8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Martal ◽  
E. Degryse ◽  
G. Charpigny ◽  
N. Assal ◽  
P. Reinaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Group B ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Immunological Cross Reaction

ABSTRACT Ovine trophoblastin (oTP) is a natural interferon of the class-II interferon-α subfamily. Recombinant ovine trophoblastin (r.oTP), produced by genetic engineering, was purified by anion-exchange HPLC. The product exhibited a high degree of homogeneity (>98%), and similar immunological cross reaction and antiviral activity to natural oTP. Antiluteolytic activity of r.oTP was established by intrauterine injection in two groups of cyclic recipient ewes. Control group A included 10 ewes which received sterile BSA in saline twice daily for 8 days (from day 10-12 of oestrous cycle). Experimental group B included 17 ewes which received 80 μg (4 ewes), 170 μg (8 ewes) or 340 μg (5 ewes) r.oTP daily for 8 days. Maintenance of functional corpora lutea for 1 month or more was observed in 4 out of 5 ewes which received high doses of r.oTP. These results indicate that oTP alone extends luteal secretory activity.

scholarly journals Changes in Clinical and Histological Characteristics of Nasal Polyps in Northern China over the Past 2–3 Decades

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Yu ◽  
Mu Xian ◽  
Yingshi Piao ◽  
Luo Zhang ◽  
Chengshuo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group A ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Polyp Recurrence ◽  
Group B ◽  
Over Time

Introduction: Recent studies have shown that inflammatory patterns of nasal polyps from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in East Asia have changed over time. However, to date there is a marked lack of similar data for CRSwNP in Northern China. This study thus aimed to assess the changes in the clinical and histological characteristics of CRSwNP patients from Northern China over the past 2–3 decades. Methods: This was a retrospective study, which examined data from 2 groups of 150 CRSwNP patients each, who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery in Beijing Tongren Hospital from 1993 to 1995 (group A) and from 2015 to 2019 (group B). All relevant data for demographic, clinical, and histological parameters were collected for each patient from the 2 groups and compared for overall changes between the 2 groups. Results: The comorbidity of CRSwNP and asthma increased over time and the cellular phenotype of CRSwNPchanged significantly; in particular, the proportion of eosinophil-dominant CRSwNP increased, lymphocyte-dominant and plasma-dominant CRSwNP decreased significantly, and the proportions of neutrophil-dominant and mixed CRSwNP were not altered. The rate of polyp recurrence increased in CRSwNP but did not in eosinophilic CRSwNP. Smoking and age did not significantly impact the inflammatory patterns of CRSwNP. Conclusions: The inflammatory patterns of CRSwNP patients have changed and comorbidity of asthma significantly increased in CRSwNP patients in Northern China over the past 2–3 decades.

Postnatal Growth Curve of the Infant with Extremely Low Birth Weight Who Was Fed Enterally

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith K. Brosius ◽  
Dorothy A. Ritter ◽  
John D. Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The primary objective of this study was the establishment of a postnatal growth curve for the very low-birth-weight infant. Only infants whose size was appropriate for gestational age and whose predominant form of nourishment was enteral were included in the study. Two growth curves were constructed: one for infants weighing less than 900 g (group A, birth weight 799 ± 79 [SD] g, mean gestational age 26.5 weeks), and one for infants weighing 901 to 1,100 g (group B, birth weight 1,023 ± 53 [SD] g, mean gestational age 28.5 weeks). Growth was followed over the first 50 postnatal days. Group A infants gained an average of 10.2 g/d overall during the first 50 postnatal days and group B infants gained an average of 17.1 g/d over the same period. Because the major objective of this study was construction of a growth curve for infants weighing less than 900 g, direct comparison is made with the Dancis grid (1948) as this is the only standard for this group. The growth rates of our infants were found to be more than twice that of the original prediction of Dancis.

Circulating-free DNA (cfDNA) as biomarker of taxane resistance in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 174-174
Author(s):  
Edoardo Francini ◽  
Fang-Shu Ou ◽  
Justin Rhoades ◽  
Eric G. Wolfe ◽  
Edward O'Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Sample ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Circulating Free Dna ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

174 Background: Docetaxel (D) and cabazitaxel (C) are standard chemotherapies for mCRPC. A reliable biomarker predictive of resistance to D or C is yet to be identified. We aimed to assess the association between genetic amplification of the multidrug resistance transporter ABCB1 (ABCB1 amp) and primary resistance (RES) to D or C for mCRPC, using cfDNA. Methods: A cohort (A) of 136 patients (pts) with at least 1 plasma sample drawn and stored within 1 year prior to starting D for mCRPC (2002-2014) and a cohort (B) of 42 pts with at least 1 plasma sample from within 1 year prior to starting C for mCRPC (2010-2016) were identified from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute IRB approved database. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) at 0.1x coverage, termed ultra-low pass WGS (ULP-WGS), was performed on cfDNA extracted from the selected samples (1000μL/subject) and sequencing data were analyzed using a tool called ichorCNA to identify cases with sufficient tumor DNA content (>7%) for accurate detection of copy number alterations (CNAs) including ABCB1 amp. Primary objective was the association between ABCB1 amp and RES to D or C. RES was defined as lack of response (no PSA50 decline or radiologic response per RECIST criteria 1.1, within 4 months from treatment start). Odds ratio (OR) was used to compare odds of RES to D or C for pts with ABCB1 amp and P-values were calculated by Fisher’s exact test. Results: Of the selected 178 pts, 66 had tumor fraction >7%: 45 pts in cohort A and 21 in cohort B. No significant association was noted between ABCB1 amp and RES to D (P=0.7123; OR=1.600) or C (P=1.000; OR=1.0606). RES was observed in 26 pts (57.8%) of cohort A and 18 (85.7%) of cohort B. ABCB1 amp was found in 9 pts (20%; 95% CI, 9.6-34.6) in group A and 6 of them (66%) had RES to D. ABCB1 amp rate among D-resistant men was 23.1% (95% CI, 9.0-43.7). In group B, 2 pts (9.5%; 95% CI, 1.2-30.4) had ABCB1 amp and both of them had RES to C. ABCB1 rate among C-resistant pts was 11.1% (95% CI, 1.4-34.7). Conclusions: In this study, ABCB1 amp using cfDNA did not show statistically significant correlation with RES to D or C for pts with mCRPC. Future studies including ABCB1 amp in a suite of putative biomarkers and larger sample size may aid drawing definitive conclusions.

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