Artificial insemination of small ruminants — A review

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Faigl ◽  
Nóra Vass ◽  
András Jávor ◽  
Margit Kulcsár ◽  
László Solti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technique ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Semen Processing ◽  
Reproductive Technique

Artificial insemination (AI) can undoubtedly be regarded as the oldest and most widely used assisted reproductive technique/technology (ART) applied in livestock production and it is one of the most important ARTs. The three cornerstones of its application are that it is simple, economical and successful. Artificial insemination offers many well-known benefits for producers. Fresh, fresh + diluted + chilled and frozen semen can be used for AI in small ruminants. To ensure its successful use, the AI technique must be selected on the basis of the type of semen planned to be used. This review paper gives a detailed overview of semen processing and its effects on semen quality, as well as of the AI techniques applied in small ruminants and their success rates.

scholarly journals Comparative study of semen quality traits between Etawah grade and Senduro bucks

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012022
Author(s):  
N Isnaini ◽  
A A Hakim ◽  
D Amertaningtyas ◽  
H E Sulistyo ◽  
A Irsyammawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
T Test ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Semen Volume

Abstract This study compared the semen quality traits between Etawah grade (EGB) and Senduro bucks (SB) raised in Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center, Indonesia. A total of 96 ejaculated semen were collected from three EGB and three SB with an average age of three years. The ejaculates were evaluated for semen volume (SV), spermatozoa concentration (SC), total spermatozoa (TS), spermatozoa motility (SM), post-thawing spermatozoa motility (PTSM), the recovery rate of spermatozoa motility (RRSM), and frozen semen production (FSP). Data of SV, SM, PTSM, and RRSM were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. While the data of SC, TS, and FSP were analyzed using an independent t-test. The results showed that SV, SM, PTSM, and RRSM were not significantly differed (P>0.05) between breeds. Whereas, SC, TS, and FSP of EGB were significantly higher (P<0.05) than SB. Therefore, it can be concluded that Etawah grade bucks can produce higher total spermatozoa and as a result higher frozen semen production for artificial insemination as compared to Senduro bucks.

scholarly journals Repeatability and Phenotypic Correlation Among Semen Quality Traits in Holstein Bulls

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Argi Argiris ◽  
Siswanto Imam Santoso ◽  
Yon Supri Ondho ◽  
Edy Kurnianto
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Fresh Semen ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this research was to analysis the value of repeatability and correlation among the traits affecting the production of frozen semen from Holstein’s bull in Indonesia. Repeatability and correlation were calculated based on the data of frozen semen production of 15.699 records from 44 Holstein bulls at Singosari Artificial Insemination Center (SAIC) and 8.935 records from 39 Holstein bulls at Lembang Artificial Insemination Center (LAIC). Repeatability for volume, motility, fresh semen concentration and frozen semen production was evaluated by intraclass correlation method. The repeatability values of LAIC for volume, motility, fresh semen concentration and frozen semen production were 0.60; 0.54; 0.37 and 0.47. The repeatability values of SAIC for volume, motility, fresh semen concentration and frozen semen production were 0.54; 0.30; 0.43 and 0.29. The linear correlation value between volume, motility and fresh semen concentration with the amount of semen produced per collections were 0.41, 0.36, and 0.58. Concentration was the most factors influencing the number of frozen semen produced. The effectiveness of the selection of Holstein's frozen semen producing could be determined by the value of repeatability and the phenotypic correlation among semen quality traits such as volume, motility, concentration and frozen semen production.

69 Invitro production of ovine embryos using either fresh or frozen-thawed semen

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
G. Márquez-Márquez ◽  
A. Velázquez-Roque ◽  
F. Villaseñor-González ◽  
M. Kjelland ◽  
H. Álvarez-Gallardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Domestic Sheep ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technique ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Fresh Semen

Invitro embryo production (IVP) is an important tool for genetic improvement in small ruminants. Semen quality is one of the most important aspects to consider for the success of this assisted reproductive technique. With ovine IVP, it is a common practice to use fresh semen for IVF, but this could be a problem because the differences between ejaculates from the same animal are well documented and a source of variation in IVP results. The objective of this research was to compare the effect of fresh and frozen–thawed domestic sheep (Ovis aries) semen on IVF for ovine IVP. The research was carried out in the reproduction laboratory at the Palominos Ranch (Jalisco, México). The IVP was performed with a continuous invitro culture system. Ovaries (n=186) were collected from a slaughterhouse (León, México) and transported to the laboratory within 2h in physiological saline solution (0.9% NaCl) supplemented with penicillin G (100IU mL−1) and streptomycin sulphate (100µg mL−1). For IVP, IVF-Bioscience™ media were used for IVM, IVF, and invitro culture (IVC). For IVM, the cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were selected (only grades 1 and 2) and matured for 24h at 38.5°C in 5% CO2 in air and 100% humidity. Matured oocytes (n=1000) were invitro fertilized using either fresh or frozen–thawed semen (Triladyl™; Minitube) from the same sheep, at a concentration of 2×106 sperm mL−1, for 18h in 38.5°C, 5% CO2 in air, and 100% humidity. The presumptive zygotes were denuded by pipetting and set in IVC until Day 7 at 38.5°C, 5% CO2, 5% O2, and 90% N2 at 100% humidity. The percentages of cleavage, embryos with more than 6 cells, and blastocysts on Day 7 of culture were evaluated, based on the initial number of oocytes entering into IVM. Statistical analyses were carried out with the GLM procedure of SAS software (version 9.3; SAS Institute Inc.) to evaluate the results of fresh versus frozen–thawed (α level=0.05). Rates of cleavage, embryos with more than 6 cells, and blastocysts on Day 7 were similar (P&gt;0.05): fresh 52.3±3.0%, 43.6±2.6%, and 34.3±2.9%, respectively; frozen–thawed: 53.3%±3.0, 41.1±2.6%, and 33.3±2.9%, respectively. In conclusion, under the conditions of this research, the use of fresh and frozen–thawed semen had similar results for ovine IVP.

scholarly journals Effect of Various Thawing Times and Temperatures on Frozen Semen Quality in Plastic Straws of Artificial Insemination of Bulls in Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Asaad H. I. Al-Edany
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Sperm Cells ◽  
Frozen Semen

The present study was designed to determine the best practical method of semen thawing which could be applied to frozen semen of bulls in straw produced by Artificial Insemination Center, Iraq. Frozen semen was thawed at 15°C for 30 sec, 40°C for 10 sec and 50°C for 5 sec. individual  motility, live, and dead sperm cells was assessed using light microscope. Results revealed that number, motility, and  live of sperm cells, were significantly higher at the 50°C for 5 sec than other thawing temperatures In conclusion, it is recommended to use a temperatures of   50°C for 5 sec and to dissolve  the frozen semen because it gave the best quality semen after thawing  and easy to utilize in field.

scholarly journals Relationship of frozen-thawed semen quality with the fertility rate after being distributed in the Brahman Cross Breeding Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2649-2657
Author(s):  
Berlin Pandapotan Pardede ◽  
Muhammad Agil ◽  
Yudi Yudi ◽  
Iman Supriatna
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Production Site ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Acrosome Integrity

Background and Aim: Various factors can reduce the quality of semen used for artificial insemination and have an impact on fertility decline, such as poor handling during frozen semen distribution. This study was aimed at assessing the quality of frozen-thawed semen after distribution in the field and its importance in maintaining fertility. Materials and Methods: The Brahman Cross (BX) breeding program of PT Lembu Jantan Perkasa, Indonesia, was used. This program was preferred due to its adherence to guidelines that limit the effects of extraneous factors that may affect semen quality. Frozen-thawed semen samples from eight bulls with the same production code were analyzed and compared between the production site (artificial insemination [AI] center) and the field (BX breeding program). Total and progressive motility (PM) of sperm were determined using computer-assisted semen analysis. Plasma membrane integrity (PMI) was assessed using hypoosmotic swelling test, sperm viability using Eosin-Nigrosin staining, acrosome integrity using trypan blue-Giemsa staining, morphological abnormalities using William staining, and DNA fragmentation using toluidine blue staining. The fertility rate was determined using the conception rate (%) derived from AI data based on 502 AI services and 478 cows in the BX breeding program. A t-test was used to compare the quality of frozen-thawed semen before and after distribution. The relationship between the qualities of frozen semen after distribution in the field with fertility was analyzed using Pearson correlation. Results: There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the quality of frozen-thawed semen (sperm motility, PMI, viability, acrosome integrity, abnormalities, and DNA fragmentation) between the production site (AI center) and after distribution in the field (BX breeding program). The semen met the minimum standards for AI programs. Total motility (r=0.986), PM (r=0.961), sperm viability (r=0.971), PMI (r=0.986), and acrosome integrity (r=0.992) were all positively correlated (p<0.05) with fertility rate; while sperm abnormalities (r=-0.996) and sperm DNA fragmentation (r=0.975) were negatively correlated (p<0.05) with fertility rate. Conclusion: The study showed that to achieve the maximal and optimal fertility rate in bulls in an AI program, the overall quality of frozen-thawed semen in all aspects is critical. This can be achieved if the handling during distribution and storage, as well as the various factors that may affect the quality of semen in the field, can be controlled properly.

scholarly journals The potential of sperm bovine protamine as a protein marker of semen production and quality at the National Artificial Insemination Center of Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 2473-2481
Author(s):  
Berlin Pandapotan Pardede ◽  
Tulus Maulana ◽  
Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin ◽  
Muhammad Agil ◽  
Ni Wayan Kurniani Karja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Protein Marker ◽  
Acridine Orange Staining ◽  
Frozen Semen

Background and Aim: Protamine (PRM) is the major protein in the sperm nucleus and plays an essential role in its normal function. Moreover, PRM has great potential as a protein marker of semen production and quality. This study aimed to assess the potential of sperm bovine PRM as a protein marker of semen production and quality in bulls at the National Artificial Insemination (AI) Center of Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The semen production capacity of each bull was collected from frozen semen production data at the Singosari AI Center for 6 months, and was then divided into two groups (high and low). A total of 440 frozen semen straws from six Limousin (LIM), six Friesian Holstein (FH), six Peranakan Ongole (PO), and four Aceh bulls aged 4-5 years were used in the study. The frozen semen was used to measure the concentration of PRM1, PRM2, and PRM3 using the enzyme immunoassay method. The frozen semen was also used to assess the quality of the semen, including progressive motility (PM) through computer-assisted semen analysis, sperm viability through eosin–nigrosin analysis, and the DNA fragmentation index through Acridine Orange staining. Results: PRM1 was significantly higher in all bull breeds included in the study (p<0.00), followed by PRM2 (p<0.00) and PRM3 (p<0.00). PRM1 significantly affected semen production in LIM, FH, PO, and Aceh bulls (p<0.05). Moreover, PRM2 significantly affected semen production only in FH and Aceh bulls (p<0.05), whereas PRM3 affected this parameter in PO and Aceh bulls exclusively (p<0.05). Consistently and significantly, PRM1 was positively correlated with the PM and viability of sperm and negatively associated with its DNA fragmentation in LIM, FH, PO, and Aceh bulls (p<0.05; p<0.01). The correlation analysis between PRM2 and PRM3 and semen quality parameters varied across all bull breeds; some were positively and negatively correlated (p<0.05; p<0.01), and some were not correlated at all. Conclusion: PRM1 has excellent potential as a protein marker of semen production and quality in bulls at the National AI Center of Indonesia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of semen quality of buffalo frozen semen produced by Artificial Insemination Center

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Mahendra ◽  
D. Samsudewa ◽  
Y. S. Ondho
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Standard Values

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the quality of post thawing spermatozoa of buffalo frozen semen produced by artificial insemination centers on standard values, and proposed reference values (PRV). Materials of the research were 60 samples of straws obtained from three Artificial Insemination Center, which are each 20 straws, respectively. Parameters observed were motility, concentration, longevity, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), acrosome integrity (AIn) and recovery rate. The obtained data were tested by Z test then presented as mean ± standard deviation. The research results from three artificial insemination center showed that motility mean was 45.00±3.07%, concentration mean was 26.09±3.11 x106 cells/0.25mL, longevity mean was 10.38±0.75%/hour, PMI mean was 45.86±10.67%, AI mean was 73.99±5.28% and recovery rate mean was 64.38±5.16%. The conclusions of this research were the motility and concentration mean were higher than Indonesian National Standard (INS), longevity mean was lower than Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries (DADF) standard but PMI and AIn mean were higher, the mean value of recovery rate was higher than of proposal value. 

scholarly journals The The Effect of Age and Breed on The Quality of Bull Semen in The Regional Artificial Insemination Centre

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Agung Budiyanto ◽  
Makruf Arif ◽  
Mandala Phivi Whelma Alfons ◽  
Rifia Tiara Fani ◽  
Ardian Faiz Hafid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Bull Semen ◽  
Sperm Abnormalities ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Cattle Reproduction ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Artificial Vagina

The success of beef cattle reproduction development in Indonesia very much depends on the quality of the semen produced by the Indonesian Institute for Artificial Insemination. Good quality bull will benefit farmers, frozen semen producers, and the country in large. This study aimed to determine effect of age and breed on the libido and quality of bull semen collected in the Regional Artificial Insemination Center (RAIC). This study used PO, Simmental, and Brahman Bull in RAIC Yogyakarta, with a total amount of 15, aged 4-7 years old. Semen was collected using an artificial vagina, semen evaluation used a spectrophotometer, and eosin-nigrosin staining method used for sperm viability and abnormalities examination. The result of this study indicated that bull breed did not affect the libido value and the semen quality of bulls (P>0,05). Volume, concentration, motility, and viability in various age groups did not show significant differences (P>0,05), but age groups had a significant effect on sperm abnormalities (P<0,05). The group of bulls aged 5-6 years showed the best quality compared to other groups, with the volume 4,58 ± 1,37 ml, concentration 1,91 ± 0,36 x109/ml, motility 3,80 ± 1,30, viability 89.83 ± 10.69%, and sperm abnormalities 2.51 ± 0.81%. It can be concluded that breed did not affect the bull libido and semen quality, while age had an effect on bull sperm abnormalities.

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