scholarly journals Hány éves kortól képesek a gyermekek újraéleszteni? – A hatékonyság felmérése általános iskolás gyermekek körében

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bálint Bánfai ◽  
Attila Pandur ◽  
Emese Pék ◽  
Henrietta Csonka ◽  
József Betlehem
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Average Depth ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Physical Capability ◽  
Compression Depth

Abstract: Introduction: In cardiac arrest life can be saved by bystanders. Aim: Our aim was to determine at what age can schoolchildren perform correct cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Method: 164 schoolchildren (age 7–14) were involved in the study. A basic life support training consisted of 45 minutes education in small groups (8–10 children). They were tested during a 2-minute-long continuous cardiopulmonary resuscitation scenario using the “AMBU CPR Software”. Results: Average depth of chest compression was 44.07 ± 12.6 mm. 43.9% of participants were able to do effective chest compressions. Average ventilation volume was 0.17 ± 0.31 liter. 12.8% of participants were able to ventilate effectively the patient. It was significant correlation between the chest compression depth (p<0.001) and ventilation (p<0.001) and the children’s age, weight, height and BMI. Conclusions: Primary school children are able to learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The ability to do effective chest compressions and ventilation depended on the children’s physical capability. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(4), 147–152.

scholarly journals The potential of leg-foot chest compression as an alternative to conventional hands-on compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Takahashi ◽  
Takeji Saitoh ◽  
Misaki Okada ◽  
Hiroshi Satoh ◽  
Toshiya Akai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Borg Scale ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Scale Scores

Background: Conventional hands-on chest compression, in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is often inadequate, especially when the rescuers are weak or have a small physique. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential of leg-foot chest compression, with and without a footstool, during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods and Results: We prospectively enrolled 21 medical workers competent in basic life support. They performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a manikin for 2 min using conventional hands-on compression (HO), leg-foot compression (LF), and leg-foot compression with a footstool (LF + FS). We analyzed the compression depths, changes in the rescuers’ vital signs, and the modified Borg scale scores after the trials. The compression depth did not differ between the cases using HO and LF. In the case of LF + FS, compression depths ⩾5 cm were more frequently observed (median, inter-quartile range: 93%, 81%–100%) than in HO (9%, 0%–57%, p < 0.01) and LF (28%, 11%–47%, p < 0.01). The increase in the heart rate or modified Borg scale scores, after the trials, did not differ between the HO and LF group; however, the values were the lowest in the case of LF + FS (49 ± 18 beats/min and 5 (4–7) in HO, 46 ± 18 and 6 (5–7) in LF, and 32 ± 11 and 2 (1–3) in LF + FS, respectively, p < 0.01). However, the increase in blood pressure, SpO2, and respiratory rate were not different among each group. The increases in the heart rate and modified Borg scale scores negatively were correlated with the rescuers’ body size, in the case of HO and LF, but not LF + FS. Conclusion: LF can be used as an alternative to HO, when adequate HO is difficult. LF + FS could be used when rescuers are weak or have a small physique and when the victims are bigger than the rescuers.

scholarly journals Can real-time feedback improve the simulated infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance of basic life support and lay rescuers?

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 793-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeyapal Kandasamy ◽  
Peter S Theobald ◽  
Ian K Maconochie ◽  
Michael D Jones
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Single Measure

BackgroundPerforming high-quality chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires achieving of a target depth, release force, rate and duty cycle.ObjectiveThis study evaluates whether ‘real time’ feedback could improve infant CPR performance in basic life support-trained (BLS) and lay rescuers. It also investigates whether delivering rescue breaths hinders performing high-quality chest compressions. Also, this study reports raw data from the two methods used to calculate duty cycle performance.MethodologyBLS (n=28) and lay (n=38) rescuers were randomly allocated to respective ‘feedback’ or ‘no-feedback’ groups, to perform two-thumb chest compressions on an instrumented infant manikin. Chest compression performance was then investigated across three compression algorithms (compression only; five rescue breaths then compression only; five rescue breaths then 15:2 compressions). Two different routes to calculate duty cycle were also investigated, due to conflicting instruction in the literature.ResultsNo-feedback BLS and lay groups demonstrated <3% compliance against each performance target. The feedback rescuers produced 20-fold and 10-fold increases in BLS and lay cohorts, respectively, achieving all targets concurrently in >60% and >25% of all chest compressions, across all three algorithms. Performing rescue breaths did not impede chest compression quality.ConclusionsA feedback system has great potential to improve infant CPR performance, especially in cohorts that have an underlying understanding of the technique. The addition of rescue breaths—a potential distraction—did not negatively influence chest compression quality. Duty cycle performance depended on the calculation method, meaning there is an urgent requirement to agree a single measure.

scholarly journals USING CHEST COMPRESSIONS WITH ASYNCHRONOUS VENTILATION AT VARIOUS CHEST COMPRESSION RATES (90, 100, 120/MIN) – A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED ANIMAL TRIAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. e27-e28
Author(s):  
Sparsh Patel ◽  
Po-Yin Cheung ◽  
Tze-Fun Lee ◽  
Matteo Pasquin ◽  
Megan O’Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Neonatal Asphyxia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Abstract BACKGROUND The current Pediatric Advanced Life Support guidelines recommends that newborns who require cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in settings (e.g., prehospital, Emergency department, or paediatric intensive care unit, etc.) should receive continuous chest compressions with asynchronous ventilations (CCaV) if an advanced airway is in place. However, this has never been examined in a newborn model of neonatal asphyxia. OBJECTIVES To determine if CCaV at rates of 90/min or 120/min compared to current standard of 100/min will reduce the time to return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in a porcine model of neonatal resuscitation. DESIGN/METHODS Term newborn piglets were anesthetized, intubated, instrumented, and exposed to 40-min normocapnic hypoxia followed by asphyxia, which was achieved by clamping the endotracheal tube until asystole. Piglets were randomized into 3 CCaV groups: chest compression (CC) at a rate of 90/min (CCaV 90,n=7), of 100/min (CCaV 100,n=7), of 120/min (CCaV 120,n=7), or sham-operated group. A two-step randomization process with sequentially numbered, sealed brown envelope was used to reduce selection bias. After surgical instrumentation and stabilization an envelope containing the allocation “sham” or “intervention” was opened (step one). The sham-operated group had the same surgical protocol, stabilization, and equivalent experimental periods without hypoxia and asphyxia. Only piglets randomized to “intervention” underwent hypoxia and asphyxia. Once the criteria for CPR were met, a second envelope containing the group allocations was opened (step two). Cardiac function, carotid blood flow, cerebral oxygenation, and respiratory parameters were continuously recorded throughout the experiment. RESULTS The mean (±SD) duration of asphyxia was similar between the groups with 260 (±133)sec, 336 (±217)sec, and 231 (±174)sec for CCav 90, CCaV 100, and CCaV 120, respectively (p=1.000; oneway ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test). The mean (SD) time to ROSC was also similar between groups 342 (±345)sec, 312 (±316)sec, and 309 (±287)sec for CCav 90, CCaV 100, and CCaV 120, respectively (p=1.000; oneway ANOVA with Bonferroni post-test). Overall, 5/7 in the CCaV 90, 5/7 in CCaV 100, and 5/7 in the CCaV 120 survived. CONCLUSION There was no significant difference in time to ROSC for either chest compression technique during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a porcine model of neonatal asphyxia.

scholarly journals CPR Compression Rotation Every One Minute Versus Two Minutes: A Randomized Cross-Over Manikin Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nutthapong Pechaksorn ◽  
Veerapong Vattanavanit
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
End Points ◽  
The One ◽  
Support Guidelines

Background. The current basic life support guidelines recommend two-minute shifts for providing chest compressions when two rescuers are performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, various studies have found that rescuer fatigue can occur within one minute, coupled with a decay in the quality of chest compressions. Our aim was to compare chest compression quality metrics and rescuer fatigue between alternating rescuers in performing one- and two-minute chest compressions. Methods. This prospective randomized cross-over study was conducted at Songklanagarind Hospital, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand. We enrolled sixth-year medical students and residents and randomly grouped them into pairs to perform 8 minutes of chest compression, utilizing both the one-minute and two-minute scenarios on a manikin. The primary end points were chest compression depth and rate. The secondary end points included rescuers’ fatigue, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Results. One hundred four participants were recruited. Compared with participants in the two-minute group, participants in the one-minute group had significantly higher mean (standard deviation, SD) compression depth (mm) (45.8 (7.2) vs. 44.5 (7.1), P=0.01) but there was no difference in the mean (SD) rate (compressions per min) (116.1 (12.5) vs. 117.8 (12.4), P=0.08), respectively. The rescuers in the one-minute group had significantly less fatigue (P<0.001) and change in respiratory rate (P<0.001), but there was no difference in the change of heart rate (P=0.59) between the two groups. Conclusion. There were a significantly higher compression depth and lower rescuer fatigue in the 1-minute chest compression group compared with the 2-minute group. This trial is registered with TCTR20170823001.

scholarly journals A comparison of the effect of two methods of positioning the hands during basic and advanced cardiovascular life support on the chest compression depth in adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-317
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Bastami ◽  
Parand Soliemanifard ◽  
Roholla Hemmati ◽  
Golnaz Forough Ameri ◽  
Mahboobeh Rasouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right

Introduction: There is no agreement on how the hands are positioned in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In this study, the effects of two methods of positioning the hands during basic and advanced cardiovascular life support on the chest compression depth are compared.<br /> Methods: In this observational simulation, the samples included 62 nursing students and emergency medicine students trained in CPR. Each student performed two interventions in both basic and advanced situations on manikins and two positions of dominant hand on non-dominant hand, and vice versa, within four weeks. At each compression, the chest compression depth was numerically expressed in centimeter. Each student was assessed individually and without feedback.<br /> Results: The highest mean chest compression depth was related to Basic Cardiovascular Life Support (BCLS) and the position of the dominant hand on non-dominant hand (5.50 ± 0.6) and (P = 0.04). There was no statistically significant difference in the basic and advanced regression variables in men and women except in the case of Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) with dominant hand on non-dominant hand (P = 0.018). There was no significant difference in mean chest compression during basic and advanced cardiovascular life support in left- and right-handed individuals (P = 0.09). <br /> Conclusion: When the dominant hand is on the non-dominant hand, more pressure with greater depth is applied.

scholarly journals Comparison of Adult Manikin Chest Compression between Music and Metronome Practice after Video Self-Instruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
Hee-Jeong Hwang ◽  
Tai-Hwan Uhm
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Self Instruction ◽  
Cpr Training

The study was conducted to improve chest compression training by analyzing manikin-assessed scores on chest compression and self-assessed scores on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) based on music and metronome training after video self-instruction (VSI). The 64 participants had undertaken 50 min of VSI and practiced 25 min of compression-only (C-O) CPR. Thirty-two participants of the music (the Bee Gees’ Stayin’ Alive) training group practiced C-O CPR 103 times a min, while 32 participants of the metronome training group practiced C-O CPR at 100 times a min. Immediately after the training, participants performed 150 chest compressions on Resusci Anne SkillReporter; researchers collected 64 printouts, and 128 self-assessed scores on willingness, knowledge, performance, and attitude through pre and post-training questionnaires. There was no difference in the manikin-assessed scores between the music and metronome training groups. The two training methods were consistent with or similar to the compression guidelines. Therefore, C–O CPR training can be imparted by utilizing music as well as the existing metronome training method; however, supplementary research on how to maintain compression depth is needed, and ventilation training should be provided using other feedback devices.

scholarly journals Chest compression with 2-DOF parallel manipulator for cardiopulmonary resuscitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.8) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
G Yedukondalu ◽  
Sajjan Patnaik ◽  
P Lakshmi Venkatesh ◽  
S Siva Jagadeesh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Kinematic Analysis ◽  
Parallel Manipulator ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Compression Process ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Emergency Situations

Chest compression process is used for recovering patients who met with a cardiac arrest in emergency situations. Chest compression is the only possibility of rescuing patients during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). It is hard to achieve the exact chest compression’s depth and rate even by experienced professionals as per the CPR guideline. A 2-DOF 2-RRR translational parallel manipulator was designed for delivering chest compressions. The kinematic analysis is carried out analytically.The workspace of the manipulator is examined in consideration of physical constraints imposed by joints. Finally, the manipulator operates with exact compression depth and rate during CPR.

scholarly journals Sports safety matting diminishes cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality and increases rescuer perceived exertion

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254800
Author(s):  
Thomas Kingston ◽  
Nicholas B. Tiller ◽  
Elle Partington ◽  
Mukhtar Ahmed ◽  
Gareth Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Life Support ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Support Providers ◽  
High Compliance ◽  
Compliant Surfaces ◽  
Clinical Environments

Objectives Compliant surfaces beneath a casualty diminish the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in clinical environments. To examine this issue in a sporting environment, we assessed chest compression quality and rescuer exertion upon compliant sports safety matting. Methods Twenty-seven advanced life support providers volunteered (13 male/14 female; mass = 79.0 ± 12.5 kg; stature = 1.77 ± 0.09 m). Participants performed 5 × 2 min, randomized bouts of continuous chest compressions on a mannequin, upon five surfaces: solid floor; low-compliance matting; low-compliance matting with a backboard; high-compliance matting; high-compliance matting with a backboard. Measures included chest compression depth and rate, percentage of adequate compressions, and rescuer heart rate and perceived exertion. Results Chest compression depth and rate were significantly lower upon high-compliance matting relative to other surfaces (p<0.05). The percentage of adequate compressions (depth ≥50 mm) was lowest upon high-compliance matting (40 ± 39%) versus low-compliance matting (60 ± 36%) and low-compliance matting with a backboard (59 ± 39%). Perceived exertion was significantly greater upon high-compliance matting versus floor, low-compliance matting, and low-compliance matting with a backboard (p<0.05). Conclusion Providers of CPR should be alerted to the detrimental effects of compliant safety matting in a sporting environment and prepare to alter the targeted compression depth and rescuer rotation intervals accordingly.

scholarly journals Grade 4 Liver Laceration after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Sharoon Samuel ◽  
Brent Brown ◽  
Nita Mason ◽  
Tony Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Advanced Cardiac Life Support ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Successful Resuscitation ◽  
Liver Laceration ◽  
Vital Functions

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving medical procedure used in the setting of cessation of cardiac and respiratory function of a patient to maintain vital functions. CPR was developed in the 1950s as mouth to mouth resuscitation. Defibrillation, chest compression and ventilation were added to CPR in 1960. Chest compressions are thought to be the most important aspect of CPR and adequate performance of chest compression is required for successful resuscitation as emphasized in recent guidelines. However, chest compressions may be a source of injury to ribs, sternum, spleen, stomach, or liver. We present a case of a 30-year-old female with end-stage renal disease, hypertension, polysubstance abuse, and GERD who underwent CPR resulting in a grade 4 liver laceration. The new guidelines of Advanced Cardiac Life Support emphasize the need of regular forceful chest compressions during CPR which, although required for proper resuscitation of the patient may result in significant injuries to the viscera as seen in this patient. The aim of this case report is to highlight the possible complications of CPR and its long-term consequences.

scholarly journals Effect of the Use of Metronome Feedback on the Quality of Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8087
Author(s):  
Dongjun Yang ◽  
Wongyu Lee ◽  
Jehyeok Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Compression Rate ◽  
Audio Feedback ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Compression Depth ◽  
Pediatric Resuscitation ◽  
Cpr Quality

Although the use of audio feedback with devices such as metronomes during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a simple method for improving CPR quality, its effect on the quality of pediatric CPR has not been adequately evaluated. In this study, 64 healthcare providers performed CPR (with one- and two-handed chest compression (OHCC and THCC, respectively)) on a pediatric resuscitation manikin (Resusci Junior QCPR), with and without audio feedback using a metronome (110 beats/min). CPR was performed on the floor, with a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2. For both OHCC and THCC, the rate of achievement of an adequate compression rate during CPR was significantly higher when performed with metronome feedback than that without metronome feedback (CPR with vs. without feedback: 100.0% (99.0, 100.0) vs. 94.0% (69.0, 99.0), p < 0.001, for OHCC, and 100.0% (98.5, 100.0) vs. 91.0% (34.5, 98.5), p < 0.001, for THCC). However, the rate of achievement of adequate compression depth during the CPR performed was significantly higher without metronome feedback than that with metronome feedback (CPR with vs. without feedback: 95.0% (23.5, 99.5) vs. 98.5% (77.5, 100.0), p = 0.004, for OHCC, and 99.0% (95.5, 100.0) vs. 100.0% (99.0, 100.0), p = 0.003, for THCC). Although metronome feedback during pediatric CPR could increase the rate of achievement of adequate compression rates, it could cause decreased compression depth.

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