scholarly journals Anthocyanins participate in protection of wheat seedlings from osmotic stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.Yu. Shoeva ◽  
E.I. Gordeeva ◽  
V.S. Arbuzova ◽  
E.K. Khlestkina
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Wheat Seedlings

scholarly journals Optimal Nitrogen Supply Ameliorates the Performance of Wheat Seedlings under Osmotic Stress in Genotype-Specific Manner

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Kartseva ◽  
Anelia Dobrikova ◽  
Konstantina Kocheva ◽  
Vladimir Alexandrov ◽  
Georgi Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Modern Variety ◽  
N Supply ◽  
N Assimilation ◽  
N Deficiency

Strategies and coping mechanisms for stress tolerance under sub-optimal nutrition conditions could provide important guidelines for developing selection criteria in sustainable agriculture. Nitrogen (N) is one of the major nutrients limiting the growth and yield of crop plants, among which wheat is probably the most substantial to human diet worldwide. Physiological status and photosynthetic capacity of two contrasting wheat genotypes (old Slomer and modern semi-dwarf Enola) were evaluated at the seedling stage to assess how N supply affected osmotic stress tolerance and capacity of plants to survive drought periods. It was evident that higher N input in both varieties contributed to better performance under dehydration. The combination of lower N supply and water deprivation (osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol treatment) led to greater damage of the photosynthetic efficiency and a higher degree of oxidative stress than the individually applied stresses. The old wheat variety had better N assimilation efficiency, and it was also the one with better performance under N deficiency. However, when both N and water were deficient, the modern variety demonstrated better photosynthetic performance. It was concluded that different strategies for overcoming osmotic stress alone or in combination with low N could be attributed to differences in the genetic background. Better performance of the modern variety conceivably indicated that semi-dwarfing (Rht) alleles might have a beneficial effect in arid regions and N deficiency conditions.

scholarly journals Exogenous Polyamines Only Indirectly Induce Stress Tolerance in Wheat Growing in Hydroponic Culture under Polyethylene Glycol-Induced Osmotic Stress

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Marcińska ◽  
Kinga Dziurka ◽  
Piotr Waligórski ◽  
Franciszek Janowiak ◽  
Edyta Skrzypek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Induce Stress ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Response To Stress

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of osmotic stress caused by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 in hydroponic culture on wheat seedlings of drought-resistant Chinese Spring (CS) and drought-susceptible SQ1 cultivar, and to examine the alleviative role of exogenous polyamines (PAs) applied to the medium. The assessment was based on physiological (chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics, chlorophyll and water content) as well as biochemical (content of carbohydrates, phenols, proline, salicylic and abscisic acid, activity of low molecular weight antioxidants) parameters, measured after supplementation with PAs (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) on the 3rd, 5th and 7th day of the treatment. The results indicate that PAs ameliorate the effects of stress, indirectly and conditionally inducing stress tolerance of wheat seedlings. In contrast to the susceptible SQ1, the resistant CS cultivar activated its protective mechanisms, adjusting the degree of their activation to the level of the stress, depending on the genetic resources of the plant. Increased accumulation of antioxidants in the resistant CS in response to stress after the application of PAs confirms the hypothesis that PAs are involved in the signaling pathway determining the antioxidative response and the tolerance of wheat plants to drought stress.

scholarly journals Response of growth and antioxidant enzymes to osmotic stress in two different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 534-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.Q. Wu ◽  
L.N. Zhang ◽  
Y.Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Drought Tolerant

 To investigate the responses of growth and antioxidant enzymes to osmotic stress in two different wheat cultivars, one drought tolerant (Heshangtou, HST) and the other drought sensitive (Longchun 15, LC15), 15-day-old wheat seedlings were exposed to osmotic stress of –0.25, –0.50, and –0.75 MPa for 2 days. It is found that osmotic stress decreased shoot length in both wheat cultivars, whereas to a lesser degree in HST than in LC15. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) of shoot in both wheat cultivars were increased by osmotic stress. It is clear that MDA contents increased less in the more drought tolerant cultivar HST than in drought sensitive one LC15. On the contrary, POD and CAT activities increased more in HST than LC15 under osmotic stress. As the activity of SOD, however, no significant differences were found between HST and LC15. These results suggest that wheat cultivar HST has higher activities of antioxidant enzymes such as POD and CAT to cope with oxidative damage caused by osmotic stress compared to sensitive LC15.  

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis of osmotic-responsive genes in ABA-dependent and -independent pathways in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxi Li ◽  
Wenli Zhang ◽  
Meng Yuan ◽  
Lina Jiang ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Trehalose Biosynthesis

Bread wheat is one of the most important crops in the world. However, osmotic stress significantly inhibits wheat growth and development, and reduces crop yield and quality. Plants respond to osmotic stress mainly through abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent and -independent pathways. In this study, root transcriptome profiles of wheat seedlings exposed to osmotic stress and exogenous ABA were analysed to identify osmotic-responsive genes belonging to the ABA-dependent or -independent pathways. We found that osmotic stress promoted proline biosynthesis in the ABA-dependent pathway, and trehalose biosynthesis is likely promoted among soluble sugars to maintain protein bioactivity under osmotic stress. In wheat roots subjected to osmotic stress, calcium ions, and glutathione exert their functions mainly through calcium-binding protein (CaM/CML) and glutathione-S-transferase, respectively, depending on both pathways. In addition, a complex relationship among phytohormones signal transduction was observed in response to osmotic stress. The findings of this study deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of osmotic-stress resistance, and provide several candidate osmotic-responsive genes for further study.

The damage repair role of He-Ne laser on wheat exposed to osmotic stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. -B. Qiu ◽  
J. -T. Li ◽  
M. Yue
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Laser Radiation ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Antioxidative Enzymes ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Helium Neon

In order to determine the damage repair role of helium-neon (He-Ne) laser on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to osmotic stress, 12-d-old seedlings (with two fully expanded leaves) were treated with osmotic stress using 5% (wt/vol), 10% (wt/vol) and 15% (wt/vol) polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) treatment for 9 d. After 9 d of osmotic stress, a He-Ne laser was employed to irradiate seedlings of spring wheat for 0 min, 1 min and 3 min. Changes in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), glutathione (GSH), ascorbate (AsA), the production rate of superoxide radical (O2), the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured to test the effects of laser radiation. The results showed that laser radiation for 3 min conferred tolerance to osmotic stress in wheat seedlings by decreasing the concentration of MDA and the production rate of O2, and increasing the activities of SOD and APX and GSH concentration. It was suggested that those changes in MDA, O2, antioxidative enzymes and antioxidative compounds were responsible for the increase in osmotic stress tolerance observed in the experiments. Therefore, antioxidative enzymes and antioxidative compounds may participate in the repair effect of laser on seedlings under osmotic stress. This is the first investigation reporting the damage repair role of He-Ne laser on plants exposed to osmotic stress.Key words: Helium-neon laser, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), osmotic stress, antioxidative system

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