scholarly journals Significance of the red fox as a natural reservoir of intestinal zoonoses in Vojvodina, Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Miljević ◽  
Olivera Bjelić Čabrilo ◽  
Verica Simin ◽  
Borislav Čabrilo ◽  
Jelena Boganč Miljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Fox ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Natural Reservoir ◽  
Alaria Alata ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina ◽  
Vojvodina Province

In the present study, 223 foxes were collected from various localities in the northern part of the Republic of Serbia (Vojvodina province) and examined for intestinal helminths. Among the examined foxes 178 (79.8%) were infected. The most frequently identified parasites were Mesocestoides spp. (49.3%) and Toxascaris leonina (36.3%). The parasite with the lowest prevalence was Pterygodermatites affinis (0.9%), and this is the first confirmed finding in Serbia. The other recovered species were Alaria alata (25.6%), Taenia spp. (6.3%), Echinococcus multilocularis (13%), Toxocara canis (16.6%) and Uncinaria stenocephala (14.8%). The highest number of foxes infected with E. multilocularis were in the Srem area. The results of this study indicate the presence of helminth species in red foxes in Vojvodina which may also infect humans.

scholarly journals Distribution of Parasitic Helminths in the Small Intestine of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Jacek Karamon ◽  
Jacek Sroka ◽  
Joanna Dąbrowska ◽  
Ewa Bilska-Zając ◽  
Katarzyna Skrzypek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Parasitic Helminths ◽  
Alaria Alata ◽  
Different Types

The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution of the main groups of parasitic helminths within the small intestine of the red fox on the example of animals coming from eastern Poland. Two hundred and sixteen red foxes shot in eastern Poland were used in the investigation. Before examination, each small intestine was divided into three equal parts: anterior (A), middle (M), and posterior (P). Each part was examined separately with the sedimentation and counting technique. Six different types of intestinal parasites were detected: Alaria alata (78.7%), Mesocestoides spp. (78.2%), hookworms (72.7%), Taenia spp. (53.2%), Toxocara/Toxascaris (43.1%), and Echinococcus multilocularis (18.5%). Alaria alata was most often found in A and in the only-A variant. Taenia spp. and Toxocara/Toxascaris occurred often in A and were the second (after A. alata) parasites in terms of frequency occurring in the only-A variant. Mesocestoides spp. was most commonly located in M. Parasites with predilection sites located mainly in M and P were E. multilocularis and hookworms. In all parasite species, the variant covering the entire intestine (A + M + P) was found in samples with a higher intensity compared to variants limited to one or two fragments. Our investigation, as one of the few of its type, conducted a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of intestinal helminths in the small intestine of the red fox. It showed significant differences in the distribution of parasitic helminths in the small intestine of the red fox. Determining typical predilection sites for parasites in the intestine can be helpful in creating effective diagnostic methods.

scholarly journals Intestinal helminths of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in north-west Italy

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Magi ◽  
L. Guardone ◽  
W. Mignone ◽  
M. C. Prati ◽  
F. Macchioni
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
North West ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
Flotation Solution ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

SummaryA total of 180 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from an area scarcely investigated of north-west Italy, were examined for intestinal helminths using sedimentation and counting technique (SCT). Faecal samples were submitted to centrifugation with 50 % zinc sulphate used as flotation solution.No fox was found completely negative for intestinal helminths. The most frequently identified nematodes were Uncinaria stenocephala (70.0 %), Molineus legerae (27.2 %), Toxocara canis (26.7 %), Toxascaris leonina (25.6 %), Trichuris vulpis (21.1 %), Aonchotheca putorii (8.9 %), Pterygodermatites affinis (5.6 %). Genus Mesocestoides (81.7 %), family Dilepididae (29.4 %) and Taenia spp. (8.3 %) were the most prevalent cestodes. All foxes were negative for E. multilocularis and E. granulosus. In two foxes trematodes belonging to the family Plagiorchidae were found.The study highlighted that foxes are hosts of intestinal helminths of veterinary and medical importance which may be transmitted to dogs and humans.

scholarly journals Parasites with possible zoonotic potential in the small intestines of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Northwest Bohemia (CzR)

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Jankovská ◽  
A. Brožová ◽  
Z. Matějů ◽  
I. Langrová ◽  
D. Lukešová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Small Intestines ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Summary We determined the prevalence of primarily zoonotic parasites in the small intestines of 40 (20 males and 20 females) red foxes living near human dwellings. The total prevalence of parasite infection was 77.5 % (31/40); the prevalence was 37.5 % (15/40) for Toxocara canis and 35 % (14/40) for Toxascaris leonina. The mean intensity infection was 3 and 11 helminths for T. canis and T. leonina, respectively. The prevalence of other intestinal helminths and mean infection intensity in this study are given: Echinococcus multilocularis 40 % (16/40) with 1000 individuals, Mesocestoides spp. 40 % (16/40) with 8 individuals, Uncinaria stenocephala 10 % (4/40) with 8 individuals, and Taenia pisiformis 10 % (4/40) with 1 individual. With regards to prevalence and intensity of infection, as well as prevalence of individual parasites, there were no significant differences (P≥0.05) between male and female red foxes.

Prevalence of intestinal nematodes of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in north-west Poland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Tylkowska ◽  
Bogumiła Pilarczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak ◽  
Renata Pilarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Infection Intensity ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
North West ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
North Western ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Abstract Background: The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is a widely distributed animal in the world. This wild carnivore is also a common host of several dangerous zoonotic parasites, primarily nematodes. Nematodes of red foxes, such as Toxocara canis and Uncinaria stenocephala, can cause numerous health problems in humans and domesticated animals. The aim of the study was to determine the parameters of occurrence of nematodes in red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in north-western Poland. Methods: The study was carried out in north-western Poland. The research material consisted of 620 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Parasitological sections of the foxes were taken using the sedimentation and counting technique.Results: The prevalence of infestations with nematodes was 77.3%, while the mean infection intensity was 20.1 per animal. The presence of Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Uncinaria stenocephala and Trichuris vulpis was noted. The greatest prevalence was presented by Uncinaria stenocephala (34.0%). Male and female foxes displayed a similar prevalence of nematodes. Their presence was recorded in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and caecum of the foxes, and they were significantly more common in the jejunum than in other parts. The most commonly-observed coinfection was between Uncinaria stenocephala and Toxocara canis. Conclusions: It can be seen that nematodes are present in high numbers among foxes in north-western Poland. This phenomenon certainly contributes to an increased risk of transmission of parasites to humans and domestic animals, and this can represent a threat to health and even life.

Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Ireland as hosts for parasites of potential zoonotic and veterinary significance

2001 ◽  
Vol 149 (25) ◽  
pp. 759-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wolfe ◽  
S. Hogan ◽  
D. Maguire ◽  
C. Fitzpatrick ◽  
G. Mulcahy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Alaria Alata

Intestinal washes, faecal flotations and serological examinations for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum were used to assess the prevalence of parasites in carcases of foxes killed on roads or shot in the Dublin area and surrounding counties. The ascarids Uncinaria stenocephala and Toxocara canis were prevalent, as was the trematode Alaria alata. Taenia species, eggs of Capillaria species and sporocysts of Sarcocystis species were also found. Only one fox out of 70 examined was seropositive for N caninum, whereas 24 of 51 were seropositive for Tgondii.

scholarly journals Endoparasites of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the Slovak Republic with the emphasis on zoonotic species Echinococcus multilocularis and Trichinella spp.

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Miterpáková ◽  
Z. Hurníková ◽  
D. Antolová ◽  
P. Dubinský
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽  
Red Foxes

AbstractDue to specific geographical localization, climatic and geomorphologic conditions, several serious parasitic diseases circulate in the territory of the Slovak Republic that makes this area an ideal model territory of the central European red fox system. The red fox is an important reservoir host of parasites, which can be spread to another animals and humans. Our study was aimed at determining the current prevalence of certain parasites in red foxes from the entire territory of the Slovak Republic and identifies some ecological factors influencing their epidemiology. Within the first systematic investigation of red foxes carried out between the years 2000 and 2006 in total 4026 foxes were examined for Echinococcus multilocularis (prevalence 31.1 %) and 4699 foxes were investigated for the presence of Trichinella spp. larvae (10.4 % infected). The results of the next separate study revealed that 83.3 % of 1198 red foxes in the Slovak Republic had coccidian oocysts and helminth eggs in their faeces. Fifteen helminth species including two trematode, four cestode and nine nematode species were detected by coprological examination. Nine of these parasite taxa have zoonotic potential: Capillaria spp. (prevalence 22.4 %), Ancylostoma caninum (18.1 %), Toxocara canis (12.5 %), Taenia spp. (12.2 %), Mesocestoides spp. (5.8 %), Strongyloides stercoralis (1.6 %), Hymenolepis diminuta (0.6 %), Dipylidium caninum (0.4 %) and Opisthorchis felineus (0.3 %). Toxascaris leonina was the most common helminth species found in this survey (42.9 %).

scholarly journals Analysis of aridity indicators in the Deliblato Sands

2014 ◽  
pp. 97-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratko Kadovic ◽  
Petar Spasov ◽  
Yousef Bohajar ◽  
Snezana Belanovic-Simic ◽  
Olivera Kosanin
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Vojvodina Province

Deliblato Sands are located in the southern part of Banat region in Vojvodina province. According to the estimated changes of basic climate parameters in this part of the Republic of Serbia during past decades very strong rise in annual air temperatures (T) was registered, an average of 0.52?C per decade. This rise in temperature increased the potential evapotranspiration (PET), which together with precipitation can increase the degree of aridity of climate in the study area. However, in the same period an increase in annual precipitation sum (P) was observed, an average of about 35 mm per decade, which may somewhat slow the aridisation of desert sands. Considering the nature, origin and significance of Deliblato Sands ecosystem, the main goal of this paper is to analyse the drought and aridity index (AI = P / PET), analyse the trend of aridisation process and its possible impact on ecosystems of this special nature reserve. Aridity index analyses were performed in meteorological stations Banatski Karlovac, Vrsac and Bela Crkva for the period 1981 - 2010 at the annual values and for the growing season. Results showed that Deliblato desert sands (Banatski Karlovac) stand at a higher frequency of arid years (AI < 0.65) compared to locations of Vrsac and Bela Crkva. On the other hand, the level of aridity has considerably increased during the vegetation period in desert sands as well in its surroundings. This intensified aridity is the result of considerable increase of potential evapotranspiration (PET) connected to season precipitation.

Helminth infections in faecal samples of wolves Canis lupus L. from the western Beskidy Mountains in southern Poland

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Popiołek ◽  
Justyna Szczęsna ◽  
Sabina Nowak ◽  
Robert W. Mysłajek
Keyword(s):  
Canis Lupus ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
Alaria Alata ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

AbstractEighty-nine samples of grey wolf (Canis lupus L.) faeces were collected between 2002 and 2004 from two areas in the western Beskidy Mts (south Poland). Helminth eggs were observed in 56.2% of faeces examined. These included: Alaria alata (2.2%), taeniid eggs (11.2%), Toxocara canis (5.6%), Toxascaris leonina (1.1%), Eucoleus aerophilus (14.6%), Ancylostoma caninum (12.3%), Uncinaria stenocephala (37%) and unidentified roundworm eggs of the family Strongyloididae (1.1%). Eucoleus aerophilus is recorded for the first time from Poland. The results are compared with the helminth fauna of other wolf populations in Europe.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Toxocara and Toxascaris infection among human and animals in Iran with meta-analysis approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Vafae Eslahi ◽  
Milad Badri ◽  
Ali Khorshidi ◽  
Hamidreza Majidiani ◽  
Elham Hooshmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Fox ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Animal Hosts ◽  
Weighted Prevalence ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Abstract Background Toxocariasis is a worldwide zoonotic parasitic disease caused by species of Toxocara and Toxascaris, common in dogs and cats. Herein, a meta-analysis was contrived to assess the prevalence of Toxocara/Toxascaris in carnivore and human hosts in different regions of Iran from April 1969 to June 2019. Methods The available online articles of English (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Ovid) and Persian (SID, Iran Medex, Magiran, and Iran Doc) databases and also the articles that presented in held parasitology congresses of Iran were involved. Results The weighted prevalence of Toxocara/Toxascaris in dogs (Canis familiaris) and cats (Felis catus) was 24.2% (95% CI: 18.0–31.0%) and 32.6% (95% CI: 22.6–43.4%), respectively. Also, pooled prevalence in jackal (Canis aureus) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) was 23.3% (95% CI: 7.7–43.2%) and 69.4% (95% CI: 60.3–77.8%), correspondingly. Weighted mean prevalence of human cases with overall 28 records was 9.3% (95% CI: 6.3–13.1%). The weighted prevalence of Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, and Toxascaris leonina was represented as 13.8% (95% CI: 9.8–18.3%), 28.5% (95% CI: 20–37.7%) and 14.3% (95% CI: 8.1–22.0%), respectively. Conclusion Our meta-analysis results illustrate a considerable prevalence rate of Toxocara/Toxascaris, particularly in cats and dogs of northern parts of Iran. The presence of suitable animal hosts, optimum climate and close contact of humans and animals would have been the reason for higher seroprevalence rates of human cases in our region. Given the significance clinical outcomes of human Toxocara/Toxascaris, necessary measures should be taken.

scholarly journals Influence of anthelmintic baits on the occurrence of causative agents of helminthozoonoses in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes)

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Antolová ◽  
M. Miterpáková ◽  
K. Reiterová ◽  
P. Dubinský
Keyword(s):  
Vulpes Vulpes ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Red Fox ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Intestinal Helminths ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Wildlife Reservoir

AbstractRed fox (Vulpes vulpes) presents major wildlife reservoir of parasitozoonoses, transmissible to humans and domestic animals. The study was aimed to find out the effect of anthelmintic baits on the occurrence of Echinococcus multilocularis and other intestinal helminths in red foxes. In two bait areas (B1 and B2) 20 baits per km2 were distributed monthly between August 2004 and April 2005. Fox fecal samples were collected in both bait areas and two control areas (C1 and C2) between August 2004 and August 2005. In bait area B1 the decrease of parasite species number, decrease of their prevalence and prevalence of E. multilocularis was observed. No significant decline was observed in bait area B2, probably due to consumption of baits by wild boars. Bait distribution represents the possibility of reduction of environmental contamination with parasites and their propagation stages. Especially on the periphery of towns and villages and in recreational areas it seems to be suitable way of human health protection.

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