scholarly journals Lacrimal gland adenoma in a sheep

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
G. Farjanikish ◽  
A. Khodakaram-Tafti ◽  
M. Ghane
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lacrimal Gland ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Veterinary Hospital ◽  
Cellular Pleomorphism ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

The lacrimal gland is a diamond-shaped, tubuloalveolar gland that secretes the serous component of tears. A four-year-old female crossbreed sheep suffering from left eye protrusion was referred to a Veterinary Hospital. Ophthalmic examination revealed epiphora, superficial ulcerative keratitis, corneal edema and neovascularisation. Moreover, ultrasound examination showed a large heterogeneous mass with variable reflectivity in the intraconal and extraconal spaces. Grossly, a 2.5×1.5×0.5 cm oval firm grayish mass was observed. Histopathologically, the mass was composed mainly by tubules with two cell types including cuboidal luminal epithelial cells and peripheral myoepithelial cells. The tubular structures were separated by proliferating myoepithelial cells. Mitotic figures, cellular pleomorphism and atypia were not seen. Immunohistochemically, most of the luminal epithelial cells showed an immunopositive reaction with a cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) marker. On the basis of these findings, the mass was diagnosed as a lacrimal gland adenoma.

Ultrastructural Contributions to the Histogenesis of Pleomorphic Adenoma

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
I. Dardick ◽  
A.W.P. van Nostrand ◽  
Diane Jeans ◽  
P. Rippstein ◽  
V. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Luminal Type ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Luminal Cells ◽  
Sick Children ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

Hospital, Ottawa, Canada and ^Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada. Survey-type electron micrographs correlated with semithin plastic sections (Fig. 2) were used in an ultrastructural study of 24 cases of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma in order to assess tumor cell types and their organization in cellular regions and the gradual alterations occurring with the development of myxoid areas. Such micrographs confirm the presence of two principal cell types with smaller numbers of highly organized luminal epithelial cells forming duct- or acinar-like structures and more numerous, angular, mosaically or loosely arranged tumor cells surrounding luminal type cells. As is evident in Figure 1, darker staining, angular tumor cells just external to duct luminal cells have a specific and intimate association with luminal cells through cell processes and well developed desmosomes. Despite the lack of classical features of myoepithelial cells, the organizational arrangement of the two cell types and the distinctly different cytologic features of tumor cells external to luminal epithelial cells suggests that the former cell type represents myoepithelial cells modified as a result of neoplastic induction (Figs. 1 and 2).

Regeneration of mammary glands in vivo from isolated mammary ducts

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-243
Author(s):  
E. Jane Ormerod ◽  
Philip S. Rudland
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Alveolar Cells ◽  
Terminal End Buds ◽  
Mammary Cell

Rat mammary ducts, free of buds, can alone regenerate complete mammary trees when transplanted into the interscapular fat pads of syngeneic host rats. All the main mammary cell types are identified within such outgrowths. Epithelial cells, which show the presence of milk fat globule membrane antigens and microvilli on their luminal surfaces, line the ducts. Basal cells surrounding the ducts show characteristic features of myoepithelial cells: immunoreactive actin and keratin within the cytoplasm, myofilaments, pinocytotic vesicles and hemidesmosomal attachments to the basement membrane. Cells within the end buds and lateral buds, however, show few if any cytoplasmic myofilaments and are relatively undifferentiated in appearance. Intermediate morphologies between these cells and myoepithelial cells are seen nearer the ducts. In this respect they exactly resemble the cap cells found in terminal end buds (TEBs) of normal mammary glands. Occasional epithelial cells within alveolar buds show the presence of immunoreactive casein, which is a product of secretory alveolar cells in the normal rat mammary gland. Dissected terminal end buds can regenerate similar ductal outgrowths. Thus, ductal tissue alone can generate all the major mammary cell types seen in the normal gland, including the cap cells.

scholarly journals Evidence for accelerated aging in mammary epithelia of women carrying germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations

Nature Aging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 838-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundus F. Shalabi ◽  
Masaru Miyano ◽  
Rosalyn W. Sayaman ◽  
Jennifer C. Lopez ◽  
Tiina A. Jokela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Breast Cancer Subtype ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Luminal And Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

AbstractDuring aging in the human mammary gland, luminal epithelial cells lose lineage fidelity by expressing markers normally expressed in myoepithelial cells. We hypothesize that loss of lineage fidelity is a general manifestation of epithelia that are susceptible to cancer initiation. In the present study, we show that histologically normal breast tissue from younger women who are susceptible to breast cancer, as a result of harboring a germline mutation in BRCA1, BRCA2 or PALB2 genes, exhibits hallmarks of accelerated aging. These include proportionately increased luminal epithelial cells that acquired myoepithelial markers, decreased proportions of myoepithelial cells and a basal differentiation bias or failure of differentiation of cKit+ progenitors. High-risk luminal and myoepithelial cells are transcriptionally enriched for genes of the opposite lineage, inflammatory- and cancer-related pathways. We have identified breast-aging hallmarks that reflect a convergent biology of cancer susceptibility, regardless of the specific underlying genetic or age-dependent risk or the associated breast cancer subtype.

Complex mammary tumours in the female dog: a review

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (S1) ◽  
pp. 90-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Hellmén
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pronounced Effect ◽  
Mammary Tumours ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

Spontaneous mammary tumours are most frequently seen (apart from rodents) in women, female dogs and cats. The mammary gland is the most commonly affected organ for tumours in women and in female dogs. The mammary gland has a similar histology in the different species whereas the number of glands differs as well as the number of interlobular ducts that reach the nipple/teat. The parenchymatous tissue is composed of alveoli that turn into interlobular ducts. The whole ductal tree is outlined by a two-layered epithelium with the luminal epithelial cells adjacent to the lumen and the more sparse myoepithelial cells peripherally located to these. Different proteins such as growth factors regulate the mammary gland, as they do for all tissues in the body. In addition, sex hormones regulate the biology of the mammary gland. Oestrogen has the most pronounced effect on duct growth whereas progesterone promotes growth of the alveoli.

scholarly journals Normal and tumor-derived myoepithelial cells differ in their ability to interact with luminal breast epithelial cells for polarity and basement membrane deposition

2002 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorarinn Gudjonsson ◽  
Lone Rønnov-Jessen ◽  
René Villadsen ◽  
Fritz Rank ◽  
Mina J. Bissell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Breast Epithelial ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Laminin 1

The signals that determine the correct polarity of breast epithelial structures in vivo are not understood. We have shown previously that luminal epithelial cells can be polarized when cultured within a reconstituted basement membrane gel. We reasoned that such cues in vivo may be given by myoepithelial cells. Accordingly, we used an assay where luminal epithelial cells are incorrectly polarized to test this hypothesis. We show that culturing human primary luminal epithelial cells within collagen-I gels leads to formation of structures with no lumina and with reverse polarity as judged by dual stainings for sialomucin, epithelial specific antigen or occludin. No basement membrane is deposited, and β4-integrin staining is negative. Addition of purified human myoepithelial cells isolated from normal glands corrects the inverse polarity, and leads to formation of double-layered acini with central lumina. Among the laminins present in the human breast basement membrane (laminin-1, -5 and -10/11), laminin-1 was unique in its ability to substitute for myoepithelial cells in polarity reversal.Myoepithelial cells were purified also from four different breast cancer sources including a biphasic cell line. Three out of four samples either totally lacked the ability to interact with luminal epithelial cells, or conveyed only correction of polarity in a fraction of acini. This behavior was directly related to the ability of the tumor myoepithelial cells to produce α-1 chain of laminin. In vivo, breast carcinomas were either negative for laminin-1 (7/12 biopsies) or showed a focal, fragmented deposition of a less intensely stained basement membrane (5/12 biopsies). Dual staining with myoepithelial markers revealed that tumor-associated myoepithelial cells were either negative or weakly positive for expression of laminin-1, establishing a strong correlation between loss of laminin-1 and breast cancer. We conclude that the double-layered breast acinus may be recapitulated in culture and that one reason for the ability of myoepithelial cells to induce polarity is because they are the only source of laminin-1 in the breast in vivo. A further conclusion is that a majority of tumor-derived/-associated myoepithelial cells are deficient in their ability to impart polarity because they have lost their ability to synthesize sufficient or functional laminin-1. These results have important implications for the role of myoepithelial cells in maintenance of polarity in normal breast and how they may function as structural tumor suppressors.

Characterization of rat mammary cell types in primary culture: lectins and antisera to basement membrane and intermediate filament proteins as indicators of cellular heterogeneity

1985 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-304
Author(s):  
M.J. Warburton ◽  
S.A. Ferns ◽  
C.M. Hughes ◽  
P.S. Rudland
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Intermediate Filament Proteins ◽  
Basement Membrane Proteins

Three morphologically distinct major cell types were observed in primary cultures obtained from the mammary parenchyma of glands from virgin rats. These cell types consisted of small cuboidal epithelial cells, larger epithelioid cells and elongated cells. We have investigated the distribution of the basement membrane proteins laminin and type IV collagen, and the intermediate filament proteins vimentin and prekeratin, in these three cell types using immunofluorescence techniques. Antisera to the basement membrane proteins stain the large epithelioid cells and the elongated cells, but do not stain the small cuboidal cells. Polyclonal antiserum to keratin stains all the small cuboidal and large epithelioid cells, but only a small subpopulation of the elongated cells. However, a monoclonal antibody to keratin, LP34, stains only the large cuboidal and a proportion of the elongated cells. Vimentin antiserum fails to stain the small cuboidal cells but stains all the large epithelioid and elongated cells. In addition, peanut lectin, which binds only to ductal lining epithelial cells in the virgin rat mammary gland in vivo after their treatment with neuraminidase, binds to the small cuboidal cells after neuraminidase treatment but not to the other cell types. However, Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin I, which specifically stains myoepithelial cells in vivo, binds to the large epithelioid and elongated cells but not to the small cuboidal cells. These results suggest that the small cuboidal cells are related to mammary ductal epithelial cells whereas the large epithelial and elongated cells have some characteristics of myoepithelial cells.

Immunolocalization of aquaporin-8 in rat kidney, gastrointestinal tract, testis, and airways

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (6) ◽  
pp. F1047-F1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Elkjær ◽  
Lene N. Nejsum ◽  
Veronika Gresz ◽  
Tae-Hwan Kwon ◽  
Uffe B. Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Southern Blotting ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Outer Stripe

First published August 8, 2001; 10.1152/ajprenal.00158.2001.—The purpose of this study was to determine the cellular and subcellular localization of aquaporin-8 (AQP8) in rat kidney and other organs by RT-PCR analyses and by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry using peptide-derived rabbit antibodies to rat AQP8. RT-PCR and Southern blotting revealed the presence of AQP8 mRNA in all kidney zones. LLC-PK1 cells transfected with a rat AQP8 construct exhibited strong labeling with the affinity-purified antibodies, whereas controls using cells transfected with the vector, but without the insert, were negative. The labeling was almost exclusively associated with intracellular vesicles. Immunoblotting of kidney membrane fractions revealed a predominant single band of 26–28 kDa. AQP8 immunoreactivity was mainly present in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla. Sequential ultracentrifugation of rat kidney membrane revealed that AQP8 resides predominantly in intracellular vesicular fractions. Immunocytochemistry revealed modest labeling of proximal tubules and weak labeling of collecting ducts in cortex and medulla of rat kidney. The labeling was confined to cytoplasmic areas with no labeling of the brush border. Immunoblotting and RT-PCR/Southern blotting also revealed the presence of AQP8 protein and mRNA in rat liver, testis, epididymis, duodenum, jejunum, colon, and bronchi/trachea. Consistent with this, immunohistochemistry revealed AQP8 labeling in the hepatocytes and spematogenic cells in testis and in the basal cells in ductus epididymis, trachea, and bronchial epithelia. Moreover, AQP8 labeling was observed in the myoepithelial cells in salivary, bronchial, and tracheal glands with no labeling of acini or ductal epithelial cells. AQP8 is also present in the surface epithelial cells in duodenum, jejunum, and colon. In conclusion, AQP8 is expressed at low levels in rat kidney proximal tubules and collecting ducts, and it is present in distinct cell types in liver, testis, epididymis, duodenum, jejunum, colon, trachea, and principal bronchi as well as in multiple glands, including salivary glands.

scholarly journals Age-related gene expression in luminal epithelial cells is driven by a microenvironment made from myoepithelial cells

Aging ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2026-2051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaru Miyano ◽  
Rosalyn W. Sayaman ◽  
Marcus H. Stoiber ◽  
Chun-Han Lin ◽  
Martha R. Stampfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Human Mammary Luminal Epithelial Cells Contain Progenitors to Myoepithelial Cells

1999 ◽  
Vol 206 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Péchoux ◽  
Thorarinn Gudjonsson ◽  
Lone Rønnov-Jessen ◽  
Mina J. Bissell ◽  
Ole W. Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

scholarly journals Analysis of the transcriptome of bovine endometrial cells isolated by laser micro-dissection (2): impacts of post-partum negative energy balance on stromal, glandular and luminal epithelial cells

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiruntita Chankeaw ◽  
Sandra Lignier ◽  
Christophe Richard ◽  
Theodoros Ntallaris ◽  
Mariam Raliou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

Abstract Background In post-partum dairy cows, the energy needs to satisfy high milk production induces a status of more or less pronounced Negative Energy Balance (NEB). NEB associated with fat mobilization impairs reproductive function. In a companion paper, we described constitutive gene expression in the three main endometrial cell types (stromal, glandular and luminal epithelial cells) isolated by laser capture micro-dissection (LCM) showing the specificities of their transcriptomic profiles. This study investigates the specific impact of NEB on gene expression in these cells around 80 days after parturition at day 15 of the oestrus cycle and describes their specific response to NEB. Results Following the description of their constitutive expression, the transcriptome profiles obtained by RNA sequencing of the three cells types revealed that differences related to the severity of NEB altered mainly specific patterns of expression related to individual cell types. Number of differentially expressed genes between severe NEB (SNEB) and mild NEB (MNEB) cows was higher in ST than in LE and GE, respectively. SNEB was associated with differential expression of genes coding for proteins involved in metabolic processes and embryo-maternal interactions in ST. Under-expression of genes encoding proteins with functions related to cell structure was found in GE whereas genes encoding proteins participating in pro-inflammatory pathways were over-expressed. Genes associated to adaptive immunity were under-expressed in LE. Conclusion The severity of NEB after calving is associated with changes in gene expression around 80 days after parturition corresponding to the time of breeding. Specific alterations in GEs are associated with activation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms. Concomitantly, changes in the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in cell interactions and maternal recognition of pregnancy takes place in ST. The combination of these effects possibly altering the uterine environment and embryo maternal interactions may negatively influence the establishment of pregnancy.

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