scholarly journals SUCCESSION OF GROUND COVER VEGETATION IN HYLOCOMIOSA FOREST SITE TYPE AFTER THE CLEARCUT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgars DUBROVSKIS ◽  
Aigars INDRIKSONS ◽  
Olga MIEZĪTE ◽  
Lelde HERMANE
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Mature Stand ◽  
Ground Cover Vegetation

Nowadays forestry sector uses forest site type descriptions developed from beginning of 20th century till 1980’s and descriptions are obtained for pre-mature and mature stand age. There is less information about ground cover vegetation for full rotation cycle. In this research has been gathered information about ground cover vegetation succession in first 5 years after clear cut in mature Scots pine stand. The chronosequence method was used. The Brown-Blanquet and the point-square methods for accounting of ground cover plants were used. The ecological values of Ellenberg for describing the environmental status and the coefficient of Tschekanovsky for estimation of the difference between plant communities in forest young growths of different age were used. The biological diversity of species in this research compared to mature stand also is increasing. Ellenberg’s ecological indicator values as light and nitrogen are also increasing: nitrogen value has increased the most - by 2.62 units. There are registered changes in vascular plants, mosses, lichens and trees projective covering’s proportion. The most significant changes in individual species occurrence are between the second and third year's (Tschekanovsky coefficient = 0.19). Five years after clear cut the Tschekanovsky coefficient between the mature stand and five years old clearing is 0.18. In the 4th and 5th year after the clear cut there increase the projective cover of Monocotyledonae plants (families Graminaea and Cyperaceae) forming higher vertical structure and overtaking the dominance from another groups. The results obtained in this research promote further research in different stand age.

scholarly journals GROUND COVER VEGETATION DEVELOPMENT IN HYLOCOMIOSA FOREST SITE TYPE AFTER THE CLEARCUT

AGROFOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aigars INDRIKSONS ◽  
Edgars DUBROVSKIS ◽  
Lelde HERMANE ◽  
Andis KALNINS
Keyword(s):  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Ground Cover Vegetation ◽  
Site Types

Most of the ground cover vegetation descriptions given for characteristic of certainforest site types are made for mature forest stands. However the site typeestimation for the practical forest inventory needs knowledge about the vegetationin every age class of forest. The clearcut as an artificial forest disturbance causesdramatically changes in plant community. Especially fast changes proceed duringthe first years after the clearcut. Due to increase of temperature and nutrientavailability there proceeds several processes causing significant changes in groundcover vegetation. In 2015 a research was started to clarify the changes in groundcover vegetation in Hylocomiosa forest site type. This forest site type is mostabundant in Latvian forests taking around 22%. The dominant tree species inHylocomiosa is Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) although the silver birch (Betulapendula Roth), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) and aspen (Populustremula L.) can form a tree stand there. The chronosequence method was used byproviding the inventory at 5 tree stands dominated by pine. Six sample plots ateach forest stand with size of 10 m2 were established. The point-square method byusing of 1mm thick and 1m high metallic needle was used for registration of plantsat each square of sample plot. The inventory showed significant changes of speciescomposition and projective cover of moss species and caulescent plants. Theresults of calculation of the Ellenberg’s ecological values and Tschekanovskycoefficient suggest of appearance of plants with another attitude to the ecologicalfactors.

Soil respiration and photosynthetic uptake of carbon dioxide by ground-cover plants in four ages of jack pine forest

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1540-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Striegl ◽  
Kimberly P Wickland
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Measured Flux ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Mature Stands

Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emission (soil respiration), net CO2 exchange after photosynthetic uptake by ground-cover plants, and soil CO2 concentration versus depth below land surface were measured at four ages of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forest in central Saskatchewan. Soil respiration was smallest at a clear-cut site, largest in an 8-year-old stand, and decreased with stand age in 20-year-old and mature (60–75 years old) stands during May– September 1994 (12.1, 34.6, 31.5, and 24.9 mol C·m–2, respectively). Simulations of soil respiration at each stand based on continuously recorded soil temperature were within one standard deviation of measured flux for 48 of 52 measurement periods, but were 10%–30% less than linear interpolations of measured flux for the season. This was probably due to decreased soil respiration at night modeled by the temperature-flux relationships, but not documented by daytime chamber measurements. CO2 uptake by ground-cover plants ranged from 0 at the clear-cut site to 29, 25, and 9% of total growing season soil respiration at the 8-year, 20-year, and mature stands. CO2 concentrations were as great as 7150 ppmv in the upper 1 m of unsaturated zone and were proportional to measured soil respiration.

scholarly journals Diversity of old-drained forests in Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaanus Paal ◽  
Iti Jürjendal
Keyword(s):  
Indicator Species ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Forest Typology ◽  
Geographical Scope

Due to originating from various mire or paludified forests and consequently developing after drainage under different growth conditions, the drained forests are very heterogeneous and complex. In the official Estonian forest typology, the old-drained stands are divided into Myrtillus and Oxalis site types, but recently the validity of the autonomous Dryopteris (expansa) forest site type was again asserted. The aims of the current study were to (i) elucidate the main factors determining the structure and variation of the Estonian old-drained forests, (ii) elaborate the typology of these forests at the community level and, (iii) establish the indicator species of the established community types. 218 forest stands drained not less than 35–40 years ago were analysed. According to multivariate data analyses (cluster, ordination and variance analyses, multi-response permutation procedures, indicator species analyses) it appeared that the soil reaction, nutrients, and moisture content, assessed by the Ellenberg ecological indicator values for habitats are much more significant factors for plant growth and community structure than the thickness of soil/peat horizons. Nevertheless, the litter and peat horizons in soils of drained Dryopteris site type forests is significantly thinner than in Oxalis and Myrtillus site type stands. The Dryopteris site type forests can be divided into six, the Oxalis site type forests into three, and the Myrtillus site type forests into two types of communities. Each of the 11 established community types differ significantly (p < 0.05) from each other and have their own dominant and significant indicator species. When comparing the Estonian old-drained forests with analogous stands in neighbouring countries (Latvia, Finland, Sweden, northwestern Russia) we can find rather large similarities; the typological differences result mainly from the methodological approaches and geographical scope of countries. Key words: community types, drainage impact, Dryopteris forest site type, fern-rich forests, indicator species, Ellenberg indicator values, nutrition gradient.

scholarly journals Effect of salvage-logging on post-fire tree establishment and ground cover vegetation in semi-natural hemiboreal forests

Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annija Kārkliņa ◽  
Guntis Brūmelis ◽  
Iluta Dauškane ◽  
Didzis Elferts ◽  
Lāsma Freimane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Tree Establishment ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
Ground Cover Vegetation

Fire is a common disturbance in boreal forests causing changes in biological diversity at various spatial scales. In the past 100 years, forest management has limited fire outbreaks, but in the future, the fire-affected forest area is expected to increase in many regions due to climate change. Burned forests are typically salvage-logged, but the effect of this type of management versus natural regeneration on biological diversity is not well understood, particularly the mid-term effect to tree establishment and understory vegetation composition and diversity. Various management methods were used after a large fire in 1992 in a peatland-forest complex and neighbouring managed forests, which created an experimental setup for study of the effect of management after fire in the Sliteres National park, northwestern Latvia. Understory vegetation was described in plots using a design of four forest and three management types: natural regeneration (unmanaged) and managed sites with salvage logging followed by no further human intervention and salvage logging with planting. Post-fire management had different effect in each forest type. Species richness was higher in forest types with salvage logging than in natural regenerated sites on rich wet and rich dry forest types, but not for the poor forest types. Tree regeneration was generally greater in salvage-logged stands, but differed between forest types. Species composition was related to tree regeneration and canopy openness. In contrast to other studies, salvage logging had a positive mid-term effect to ground vegetation diversity and tree establishment in the studied stands, implying potential for concomitant management and conservation of ground cover vegetation in semi-natural stands.

Monitoring rangeland ground cover vegetation using multitemporal MODIS data

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Yeganeh ◽  
Seyed jamale Khajedein ◽  
Fazel Amiri ◽  
Abdul Rashid B. Mohamed Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Ground Cover ◽  
Modis Data ◽  
Ground Cover Vegetation

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration of the Tree Stand in the Bilberry Spruce Forest—Clear-Cutting Ecotone Complex in the First Post-Logging Decade

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1542
Author(s):  
Nadezhda V. Genikova ◽  
Viktor N. Mamontov ◽  
Alexander M. Kryshen ◽  
Vladimir A. Kharitonov ◽  
Sergey A. Moshnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting

Bilberry spruce forests are the most widespread forest type in the European boreal zone. Limiting the clear-cuttings size leads to fragmentation of forest cover and the appearance of large areas of ecotone complexes, composed of forest (F), a transition from forest to the cut-over site under tree canopy (FE), a transition from forest to the cut-over site beyond tree canopy (CE), and the actual clear-cut site (C). Natural regeneration of woody species (spruce, birch, rowan) in the bilberry spruce stand—clear-cut ecotone complex was studied during the first decade after logging. The effects produced by the time since cutting, forest edge aspect, and the ground cover on the emergence and growth of trees and shrubs under forest canopy and openly in the clear-cut were investigated. Estimating the amount and size of different species in the regeneration showed FE and CE width to be 8 m—roughly half the height of first-story trees. Typical forest conditions (F) feature a relatively small amount of regenerating spruce and birch. The most favorable conditions for natural regeneration of spruce in the clear-cut—mature bilberry spruce stand ecotone are at the forest edge in areas of transition both towards the forest and towards the clear-cut (FE and CE). Clear-cut areas farther from the forest edge (C) offer an advantage to regenerating birch, which grows densely and actively in this area.

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