INFLUENCE OF BUILDINGS EXTERIOR ON THE LANDSCAPE OF THE NEMUNAS DELTA REGIONAL PARK

Author(s):  
Vincas Gurskis ◽  
Viktorija Zujavičienė

Protected areas were established in Lithuania in order to preserve not only the natural and cultural heritage, landscape and biodiversity, but the landscape and ecological balance, the genetic fund, to restore the natural resources and to provide educational recreation, research and environmental monitoring as well as the promotion of natural and cultural heritage protection. The Nemunas Delta Regional Park was established to preserve the lower Nemunas landscape, the natural ecosystem and cultural heritage values, and manage them rationally. Protected areas residents seek to reconstruct, modernize the existing buildings, in such a way the landscape is being changing. The evaluation of the structures belonging to one hundred park’s homesteads showed that the existing older buildings roof covering is from grey asbestos slates (56 %). In recent years, ceramic tiles and non-asbestos slates are being increasingly used as roofing material, wood (characteristic for grey colour) is usually used for building wall decoration (48 %). These colours correspond to the regulated by the park management regulations. The Regional Park landscape is blemished by the ruins of abandoned buildings, individual illegal structures, unsuitable colours selected for building exteriors decoration, the recommended window division into four or six sections is not being kept to.

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramkumar Ramkrishnan ◽  
Ragupathy Arumugam

Deterioration of the packing material is a major problem in cooling towers. In this experimental study ceramic tiles were used as a packing material. The packing material is a long life burnt clay, which is normally used as a roofing material. It prevents a common problem of the cooling tower resulting from corrosion and water quality of the tower. In this study, we investigate the use of three different types of ceramic packings and evaluate their heat and mass transfer coefficients. A simple comparison of packing behaviour is performed with all three types of packing materials. The experimental study was conducted in a forced draft cooling tower. The variations in many variables, which affect the tower efficiency, are described.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
G. Isachenko ◽  
T. Isachenko

The network of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) of Saint Petersburg in 2020 included 8 nature reserves and 7 natural monuments of the regional level, with a total area of 6143 ha, or 4.3% of the city's territory. Almost all urban protected areas bear traces of anthropogenic impacts of various ages, and therefore their landscapes can be considered as cultural. Many historical and cultural monuments of the XVIII–XX centuries are preserved within the protected areas of Saint Petersburg. The article considers SPNA of Saint Petersburg: 1) as landscapes that preserve the results of human activity of different ages, including cultural heritage sites; 2) as emerging special cultural landscapes of the metropolis. The article analyzes the contribution of human activity to modern landscapes of SPNA and describes the associative value of cultural landscapes. The difficulties of creating new protected areas and contradictions between the tasks of preserving natural and cultural heritage in the management of SPNA are discussed. It is proved that the protected areas of Saint Petersburg are becoming more and more famous not only as places of "traditional" short-term recreation, but also as locations for new types of activity, including walks on ecological trails. The increasing popularity of protected areas is evidenced by the frequency of their mentions at the Internet.


2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-264
Author(s):  
Dimitar Sinnyovsky ◽  
Rumen Stoilov

The East Balkan offers picturesque mountain landscapes predetermined by а remarkable geological diversity: caves, waterfalls, karst springs and precipices, fossil deposits, stratigraphical, paleontological, tectonic and fossil slump phenomena. In its most attractive part, the Kotel Balkan, there are 28 natural landmarks, 3 protected areas and 2 reserves. Expanding the inventory with purely geological sites, such as fossils, olistostromes, thrusts, geological cycles and events, complemented by many historical sites and intangible cultural heritage (Karakachan minority traditions, craft and folklore festivals), the region of Kotel has excellent preconditions for a geopark development.


Author(s):  
Gülhan Benli ◽  
Eylem Görmüş Ekizce

Measurement methods including traditional measurement methods, topographic and photogrammetric measurement methods, measurements via laser scanning devices and aerial photogrammetric measurement methods obtained using model airplane or model helicopters are used in documentation of the cultural heritage and protected areas in our country. Although data obtained by Aerial Lidar technology accepted as advanced technology over the past decade, enables faster data comparing to others as data obtained by terrestrial laser scanners provide millimetre level accuracy close-range scanning methods are preferred in architectural facades scanning during the process of surveying of a single building. Inclusion process of a Byzantine cistern in Istanbul, Turkey, which was undiscovered for centuries, in our cultural heritage as well as surveying stages of the cistern along with the inn structure built over, using 3D scanning technology shall be described within this study.


2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA SINAY ◽  
MARIA CRISTINA FOGLIATTI DE SINAY ◽  
RODNEY WILLIAM (BILL) CARTER ◽  
FÁBIO VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO PASSOS

Abstract For decades, conservation initiatives considered the protection of nature and human progress to be mutually exclusive. As a result of this paradigm, communities living within protected areas often were displaced or treated as invaders and criminals in their ancestral territories. Consequently, much cultural heritage, including traditional knowledge, has been lost. In part to prevent cultural loss, in the year 2000, Brazil legally acknowledged within Federal Act 9,985 the rights, knowledge and way of living of traditional people as integral for the conservation of nature. Based on the case of the traditional Caiçara community living at Martin de Sá (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), this study showcases fifteen years of cultural change influenced, among others, by the implementation of protected area policy and growth in tourism. Participatory observation between 2000 and 2015 identified changes to the community’s way of thinking, lifestyle and livelihoods. Strategies are proposed to increase cultural protection.


GEOgraphia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (46) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Yata Anderson Gonzaga Masullo ◽  
Helen Gurgel ◽  
Anne-Elizabeth Laques

Resumo: A criação das áreas protegidas é considerada como a principal estratégia para preservação e conservação do patrimônio natural e cultural do planeta (Diegues, 2000). Entretanto, Hockings et al. (2006) afirmam que, para alcançar tais objetivos, faz-se necessário efetivar e avançar com o gerenciamento e a administração dessas áreas protegidas. Nesse cenário surgem metodologias e procedimentos técnicos que visam subsidiar o planejamento e a tomada de decisão, ganhando cada vez mais espaço na implementação e na efetivação de políticas públicas, relacionadas à temática socioeconômica e ambiental. Desse modo, o presente estudo analisa as complexidades e os desafios de se implementar áreas protegidas, bem como se busca debater sobre as principais formas e definições conceituais da efetividade das APs e diferentes abordagens sobre a temática. Visa-se dessa forma avançar nas discussões metodológicas de avaliação do nível de efetividade e vulnerabilidade socioambiental desses territórios protegidos, de modo que seja possível analisar a inter-relação das variáveis de forma agregada e transversal.Palavras-chave: Áreas protegidas. Efetividade. Planejamento e gestão. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROTECTED AREAS: CONCEPTS, METHODS AND CHALLENGESAbstract: The creation of protected areas is considered as the main strategy for preservation and conservation of the natural and cultural heritage of the planet (Diegues, 2000). However, Hockings et al. (2006) state that in order to achieve these objectives, it is necessary to carry out and advance the management and administration of these protected areas. In this scenario, there are technical methodologies and procedures that aim to subsidize planning and decision making, gaining more and more space in the implementation and implementation of public policies related to socioeconomic and environmental issues. Thus, the present study analyzes the complexities and challenges of implementing protected areas, as well as discusses the main forms and conceptual definitions of the effectiveness of PAs and different approaches on the theme. It is intended to advance in the methodological discussions to assess the level of effectiveness and social and environmental vulnerability of these protected territories, so that it is possible to analyze the interrelationship of variables in an aggregated and transversal way.Keywords: Protected areas. Effectiveness. Planning and management. ÉVALUATION DE L’EFFICACITÉ DES AIRES PROTÉGÉES: CONCEPTS, METHODES ET DÉFISReseumé: La création d’aires protégées est considérée comme la principale stratégie de préservation et de conservation du patrimoine naturel et culturel de la planète (Diegues, 2000). Cependant, Hockings et al. (2006) indiquent que pour atteindre ces objectifs, il est nécessaire de mener à bien la gestion et l’administration de ces aires protégées. Dans ce scénario, des méthodologies et des procédures techniques visent à subventionner la planification et la prise de décision, en donnant de plus en plus de place à la mise en œuvre et à la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques relatives aux questions socioéconomiques et environnementales. Ainsi, la présente étude analyse les complexités et les défis de la mise en œuvre des aires protégées, ainsi que les principales formes et définitions conceptuelles de l’efficacité des AP et les différentes approches sur le thème. Il est prévu d’avancer dans les discussions méthodologiques pour évaluer le niveau d’efficacité et la vulnérabilité sociale et environnementale de ces territoires protégés, afin qu’il soit possible d’analyser la corrélation des variables de manière agrégée et transversale.Mots-clés: Aires protégées. L’efficacité. Planification et gestion.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Pannunzio Ribeiro ◽  
Kaline de Mello ◽  
Roberta Averna Valente

Abstract The highly modified urban matrix becomes an inhospitable environment for many species because the natural vegetation fragments are highly fragmented and often isolated in the landscape. Protected Areas (PAs) located closer or within urban areas may not achieve their goal of protecting local or regional biodiversity. Thus, the proposition of ecological corridors aims to connect the PAs, providing the dispersion of species in anthropogenic landscapes. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the PAs connectivity in an urban landscape and understand if urban forest fragments can support their connectivity, generating important information for biodiversity conservation and urban planning. For this, we used models based on Graph Theory to assess the functional connectivity among PAs. The focal species used were Atlantic Forest birds. We used the participatory technique to assess their dispersal capabilities, and this information was used to create a resistance surface map. The focal species movement in the landscape was modeled through Graph Theory. This model evaluated the functional connectivity and extracted the least-cost paths between PAs and other forest fragments that designed the urban ecological network. We identified that few PAs are connected in the urban landscape of Sorocaba city and its surroundings and 28 forest fragments that are important to support the connectivity among PAs. Among these, only four fragments are located within a PA. The other 24 forest fragments located outside PAs should be the center of attention for forest conservation and restoration actions, as they can improve the connectivity between the PAs. Our results show that PAs connectivity in urban landscapes depends on incentives for native vegetation conservation on private lands once most of the important forest fragments for the PAs connectivity are located in these areas. In addition, the restoration of riparian zones is important because they compose a great ecological corridor in the urban landscape. Strategies that increase the permeability of the matrix (e.g., increasing green spaces and gardens) and restoring target fragments are also important. Finally, land-use planning, focusing on natural ecosystem conservation and combating urban sprawl, is necessary to promote PAs connectivity in urban landscapes.


Author(s):  
Aušra Mlinkauskienė ◽  
Laura Jankauskaitė-Jurevičienė ◽  
Salome Katamadze ◽  
Anna Kintsurashvili ◽  
Kazeem Adayjemi Ajayi ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
pp. 275-303
Author(s):  
Gülhan Benli ◽  
Eylem Görmüş Ekizce

Measurement methods including traditional measurement methods, topographic and photogrammetric measurement methods, measurements via laser scanning devices and aerial photogrammetric measurement methods obtained using model airplane or model helicopters are used in documentation of the cultural heritage and protected areas in our country. Although data obtained by Aerial Lidar technology accepted as advanced technology over the past decade, enables faster data comparing to others as data obtained by terrestrial laser scanners provide millimetre level accuracy close-range scanning methods are preferred in architectural facades scanning during the process of surveying of a single building. Inclusion process of a Byzantine cistern in Istanbul, Turkey, which was undiscovered for centuries, in our cultural heritage as well as surveying stages of the cistern along with the inn structure built over, using 3D scanning technology shall be described within this study.


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