DIVERGENT SELECTION ON FLOWERING TIME CONTRIBUTES TO LOCAL ADAPTATION IN MIMULUS GUTTATUS POPULATIONS

Evolution ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan C. Hall ◽  
John H. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus

scholarly journals Salinity Is an Agent of Divergent Selection Driving Local Adaptation of Arabidopsis to Coastal Habitats

2015 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Busoms ◽  
Joana Teres ◽  
Xin-Yuan Huang ◽  
Kirsten Bomblies ◽  
John Danku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Coastal Habitats

scholarly journals Divergent Selection and Local Adaptation in Disjunct Populations of an Endangered Conifer, Keteleeria davidiana var. formosana (Pinaceae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e70162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Yu Fang ◽  
Jeng-Der Chung ◽  
Yu-Chung Chiang ◽  
Chung-Te Chang ◽  
Chia-Ying Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Disjunct Populations

scholarly journals Evidence for divergent selection and spatial differentiation in a putative zona pellucida gene is indicative of local adaptation in Pacific cod

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Spies ◽  
Daniel Drinan ◽  
Eleni Petrou ◽  
Rory Spurr ◽  
Theodore Hartinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Pacific Cod ◽  
Sperm Binding ◽  
Outlier Loci

Genetic differentiation has been observed in marine species even when no obvious barriers to gene flow exist. The study of highly differentiated outlier loci can provide information on how genetic variation might contribute to local adaptation. A locus which aligned to a predicted zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 3 gene (ZP3) in Atlantic cod was previously identified in Pacific cod populations as a high differentiation outlier. In other marine species, ZP3 is involved in reproductive isolation, local adaptation, and has neofunctionalized as an antifreeze gene, but the function of this genomic region is not understood in Pacific cod. We sequenced a 544 bp region of ZP3 in 230 Pacific cod collected from throughout their geographic range. Here we show that ZP3 haplotypes exhibit strong spatial structure and there is evidence for divergent selection at this locus in samples collected from the Bering Sea region. The potential for adaptation to different thermal regimes is particularly relevant given that Pacific cod have demonstrated high natural mortality during recent ocean warming events.

scholarly journals Climate-driven divergent selection in a foundation tree species: QST-FST evidence from multiple common gardens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary Cooper ◽  
Gerard Allan ◽  
Lela Andrews ◽  
Rebecca Best ◽  
Kevin Grady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Basal Diameter ◽  
Common Gardens ◽  
Fremont Cottonwood

Widespread tree species span large climatic gradients that often lead to high levels of local adaptation and phenotypic divergence across their range. To evaluate the relative roles of selection and drift in driving divergence in phenotypic traits, we compared molecular and quantitative genetic variation in Populus fremontii (Fremont cottonwood), using data from > 9000 SNPs and genotypes from 16 populations reciprocally planted in three common gardens that span the species’ climatic range. We present three major findings: 1) There is significant within- and among-population variation in functional traits expressed in each of the common gardens. 2) There is evidence from all three gardens that population divergence in leaf phenology and specific leaf area has been driven by divergent selection (QST > FST). In contrast, QST-FST comparisons for performance traits like height and basal diameter were highly dependent on growing environment, indicating divergent, stabilizing, or no selection across the three gardens. We show this is likely due to local adaptation of source populations to contrasting growing environments. 3) Climate is a primary selective force driving trait divergence, where the traits showing the strongest correlations with a genotype’s provenance climate also had the highest QST values. We conclude that climatic gradients have contributed to significant phenotypic differences and local adaptation in Fremont cottonwood. These results are important because as climate is changing much more rapidly, traits such as phenology that are finely tuned to local conditions may now be subject to intense selection or quickly become maladaptive.

scholarly journals In the presence of population structure: From genomics to candidate genes underlying local adaptation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Price ◽  
Lua Lopez ◽  
Adrian E. Platts ◽  
Jesse R. Lasky ◽  
John K. McKay
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Functional Constraint ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Functional Sites ◽  
And Function

AbstractUnderstanding the genomic signatures, genes, and traits underlying local adaptation of organisms to heterogeneous environments is of central importance to the field evolutionary biology. Mixed linear mrsodels that identify allele associations to environment, while controlling for genome-wide variation at other loci, have emerged as the method of choice when studying local adaptation. Despite their importance, it is unclear whether this approach performs better than identifying environmentally-associated SNPs without accounting for population structure. To examine this, we first use the mixed linear model GEMMA, and simple Spearman correlations, to identify SNPs showing significant associations to climate with and without accounting for population structure. Subsequently, using Italy and Sweden populations, we compare evidence of allele frequency differentiation (FST), linkage disequilibrium (LD), fitness variation, and functional constraint, underlying these SNPs. Using a lenient cut-off for significance, we find that SNPs identified by both approaches, and SNPs uniquely identified by Spearman correlations, were enriched at sites showing genomic evidence of local adaptation and function but were limited across Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) explaining fitness variation. SNPs uniquely identified by GEMMA, showed no direct or indirect evidence of local adaptation, and no enrichment along putative functional sites. Finally, SNPs that showed significantly high FST and LD, were enriched along fitness QTL peaks and cis-regulatory/nonsynonymous sites showing significant functional constraint. Using these SNPs, we identify genes underlying fitness QTL, and genes linking flowering time to local adaptation. These include a regulator of abscisic-acid (FLDH) and flowering time genes PIF3, FIO1, and COL5.

Phenotypic Differentiation between Weedy Rice Populations Associated with their Local Adaptation in Early-and Late-Season Rice Fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Xiao-Qi Jiang ◽  
Xing-xing Cai ◽  
Qi-Yu Xia ◽  
Bao-Rong Lu
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Late Rice

Abstract Background: Temperatures and photoperiods can profoundly affect plant growth and development and play vital roles in the local adaptation of plant species. Weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) is a conspecific weed of cultivated rice, and it was found in the same rice fields (sympatry) of early and late rice-cultivation seasons in Leizhou, Guangdong Province of China. Generally, the phenological conditions, such as temperature and photoperiod, are different in the two seasons. Therefore, the early- and late-season weedy rice populations in the same rice fields provide a perfect system for estimating sympatric divergence in plant species. The previous study had demonstrated considerable genetic divergence between the early- and late-season weedy rice populations. Here, we designed in situ common garden experiments to estimate the phenotypical differences between the two-season weedy rice populations and disclose the local adaptation in weedy rice populations associated with their ambient temperature and photoperiod.Results: Distinct air temperature and day length variation patterns were recognized between the early and late rice-cultivation seasons, based on the 10-year historical climate data. More stressful conditions, indicated by low air temperature and long day length, were found for weedy rice growth in the early seasons. Noticeably, significant differences in plant heights, the number of tillers, flowering time, and reproductive traits were detected between the two-season weedy rice populations according to the early-season common garden experiment. The early-season populations showed evident higher plant heights, more tillers, and earlier flowering time than the late-season populations. However, such differences were not detected in the late-season common garden experiment. In addition, evident local adaptation represented by the traits such as plant heights, flowering time, and reproductive traits was only detected in the early-season weedy rice populations. The principal component analysis also showed clear population clusters between the two-season populations using the phenotypical data.Conclusions: This study provided clear evidence of phenotypic differentiation between the sympatric early- and late-season weedy rice populations, probably associated with the local adaptation to their ambient temperature and photoperiod. Our findings also have potential roles in facilitating the design of strategies for effective weedy rice control practices.

Is local adaptation in Mimulus guttatus caused by trade-offs at individual loci?

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2739-2753 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. HALL ◽  
D. B. LOWRY ◽  
J. H. WILLIS
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Mimulus Guttatus ◽  
Trade Offs
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