scholarly journals Análisis acústico-estadístico de las consonantes fricativas labiodentales e interdentales sonoras y áfonas del mapudungun hablado en Alto Biobío

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-223
Author(s):  
Daniela Alejandra Mena Sanhueza ◽  
Mauricio Alejandro Figueroa Candia ◽  
Gastón Felipe Salamanca Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Spectral Moments ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Absolute Amplitude ◽  
Manner Of Articulation

This study presents the results of an acoustic and statistical analysis of labiodental and interdental fricative consonants, voiced and voiceless, from a variety of Mapudungun spoken in Alto Biobío. The present study aims to determine whether spectral, durational and amplitude parameters are able to differentiate these sounds by place of articulation and voicing. Results showed that spectral moments, duration, absolute amplitude and normalized amplitude were able to distinguish between voiced and voiceless fricatives, whilst variance, duration and normalized amplitude were able to separate labiodental from interdental consonants. However, the capability that variance and duration absolute had at distinguishing between voiced and voiceless consonants is restricted to labiodental consonants when the interaction between voicing, place of articulation and participant’s sex was considered. These results are discussed in the light of literature on the usefulness of these acoustic measurements at capturing contrasts of manner of articulation, place and voicing, and in view of previous studies on the properties of the phonetic and phonemic systems in this variety of Mapudungun.

The sound structure of verb roots in modern Hebrew

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Morgenbrod ◽  
E. Serifi
Keyword(s):  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Compound Matrices ◽  
Sound Structure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Modern Hebrew ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Manner Of Articulation ◽  
The Relationship

I. SOUNDS IN MODERN HEBREW Hebrew shorashim – the triliteral roots – have already been analysed from many points of view, for example in Morgenbrod & Serifi (1976, 1977, 1978). The aim of this article is an examination of the sound structure of shorashim.In general we can divide the consonants which form the shorashim into two different types; concerning (a) the manner of articulation (e.g. plosives, nasals, etc.); and (b) the place of articulation (e.g. bilabials, labiodentals, etc.).In this study we have concentrated on position of articulation and ignore manner of articulation.In Figure I the consonants forming the shorashim are related to the different kinds of sounds according to Wendt (1961).In order to investigate the relationship between the sounds it is convenient to establish so-called compound matrices with a computer. All computation was done by a program in COBOL running on the SIEMENS System 4004. As material for our analysis we took 2443 shorashim from the sources Barkaly (1972) and Even-Shoshan (1972).

Genetic and environmental effects in L1 phonological acquisitionThe case of consonant harmony in Greek child speech

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Tzakosta
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Input Frequency ◽  
Stressed Syllable ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Consonant Harmony ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Greek Child ◽  
Ambient Language ◽  
Child Speech ◽  
Manner Of Articulation

AbstractConsonant harmony (CH) is a phenomenon commonly found in child language. Cross-linguistically, Place of Articulation (PoA), specifically the Coronal Node, undergoes CH, while regressive harmony seems to be the preferred directionality that CH takes (cf. Goad 2001a, b; Levelt 1994; Rose 2000, 2001). In the present study, drawing on naturalistic data from nine children acquiring Greek L1, we place emphasis on the fact that multiple factors need to be considered in parallel, in order to account for CH patterns: Not only PoA, but also Manner of Articulation (MoA) contributes to CH; consequently, (de)voicing or continuity harmony emerges. Although regressive harmony is generally favoured, markedness scales and word stress highly affect directionality. Coronal, stop and voiceless segments trigger and undergo CH depending on their degree of prominence and their position in the word. Harmony can be partial or full, i.e. either place or manner or both place and manner of articulation are targeted. Progressive harmony emerges when the triggers belong to the stressed syllable or when they are stops. Cases of double, bidirectional and recursive harmony are also reported. In general, Greek CH patterns are the product of combined factors determined by phonological principles and input frequency in the ambient language. In other words, the degree to which Greek CH patterns are different from cross-linguistic findings depends on the combination of UG principles and language specific/environmental effects, as well as the prominence of certain of these factors over others.

scholarly journals EXPLAINING THE ENGLISH CONSONANT SOUNDS TO EFL LEARNERS: MORE ATTENTION ON VOICING DIMENSION / L’EXPLICATION DES SONS CONSONANTIQUES ANGLAIS AUX APPRENANTS DE L’ANGLAIS LANGUE ETRANGERE : PLUS D’ATTENTION AU VOISEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Innocent Sourou Koutchadé ◽  
Sourou Seigneur Adjibi
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Accurate Position ◽  
Manner Of Articulation ◽  
Consonant Sounds

To describe English Consonant Sounds (ECS), there are generally three major dimensions to be taken into account. These are Place of Articulation (POA), Manner of Articulation (MOA) and Voicing. The description of Voicing in the summary charts for English consonants raises the problem of its accurate position beside the POA and MOA. This brings about the issue related to which positions Voicing would occupy among the following: i) beside POA; ii) beside MOA; iii) Between POA and MOA (VPM). In order to solve this problem, the current paper aims to pinpoint some features that Voicing commonly shares with POA and MOA. To deal with, 64 tables of presentation of ECS have been selected from websites using the browser ‘Google’. Through a descriptive analysis, the results show that 71% of the presentations do not figure out the voicing dimension in the tables, but they do that in another way; 25% of them show clearly the three dimensions of each ECS and 4% of them present the three dimensions separately. Based on these results, Voicing is, most of the time, granted less attention in teachers’ explanations to EFL learners as if it were worthless. Therefore, it is suggested that the EFL teachers, while describing the ECS, should pay equal attention to voicing dimension during their teaching or in their presentation of ECS in a table. Pour décrire les sons consonantiques anglais (ECS), on tient généralement compte de trois dimensions principales : Le point d'articulation (POA), le mode d'articulation (MOA) et le voisement. L'apparition de ce dernier dans les tableaux récapitulatifs des consonnes anglaises peut soulever la question de sa position exacte à côté du POA et du MOA. Ceci pose le problème relatif aux différentes positions que le Voisement pourrait occuper parmi les suivantes : i) à côté de POA ; ii) à côté de MOA ; iii) entre POA et MOA (VPM). Afin d’essayer de résoudre ce problème, le présent article tente de mettre en évidence certaines caractéristiques que le Voisement partage communément avec le POA et le MOA. Pour ce faire, 64 tableaux de présentation des sons des consonnes anglaises ont été sélectionnés sur des sites web utilisant le navigateur "Google". Une analyse descriptive montre que 71 % des présentations ne tiennent pas compte de la dimension du voisement dans les tableaux, mais qu'elles le font d'une autre manière ; 25 % d'entre elles montrent clairement les trois dimensions de chaque ECS et 4 % d'entre elles présentent les trois dimensions séparément. Sur la base de ces résultats, il apparaît que le voisement est, la plupart du temps, moins pris en compte dans les explications des enseignants aux apprenants de l’Anglais comme une Langue Etrangère, comme si elle était sans valeur. Par conséquent, il est suggéré que les enseignants d'anglais langue étrangère, tout en décrivant les sons des consonnes anglaises (ECS), accordent la même attention à la dimension du voisement pendant leur enseignement ou dans leur présentation de l'ECS dans un tableau. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0780/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals EFL Students’ Pronunciation Problems in Presenting Thesis Proposal at Tertiary Level of English Department

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Arif Rahman ◽  
Lalu Nawasier Tralala
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
English Department ◽  
Classroom Setting ◽  
Research Subject ◽  
Vowel Production ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Manner Of Articulation ◽  
Consonant Sounds

The aim of the research is to investigate EFL Students’ Pronunciation Problems in Presenting Thesis Proposal at Tertiary Level of English Department. This qualitative study reported in this article focused on segmental features problems. The instruments used to collect the data needed in this study were the researcher, recording, and Dictionary. The data analysis covered consonant and vowel pronunciation problems. was based on the theories of phonetics proposed by George Yule and Jacobs, which embraces voicing, manner of articulation and place of articulation for English consonant production and the tongue part and position, sound length, and mouth forming for English vowel production. The result of the study shows that the research subject encountered a number of segmental pronunciation problems consisting of consonants and vowels including pure vowels and diphthongs. Furthermore, this research revealed that the problem with consonant sounds were the substitution of the sounds [v], [ð], [θ], [t∫], [ʒ], [ʃ] [z] and the deletion of the  sounds [k], [ɡ], [t], and [s]. The problem with pure vowel sounds were the substitution of the sound [ɪ], [iː], [ɛ], [ʊ], [ʌ], [ɜː], [ɒ], [ɔː] and [ə] and the insertion of the sound [ə] between two consonant sounds. The problem with diphthongs were: the monophthongization of the sound [aɪ], [aʊ], [eɪ], [ɪə], [əʊ], and the replacement of the sounds [eɪ] and [ɪə] with other diphthongs. It is suggested for the next researchers to investigate pronunciation problems related to supra-segmental aspects and phonemic opposition. and factors driving pronunciation problems in the EFL Classroom setting.

Phonetics of Consonants

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Fuchs ◽  
Peter Birkholz
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Voicing Contrast ◽  
Major Class ◽  
Aerodynamic Properties ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Manner Of Articulation

Consonants are a major class of sounds occurring in all human languages. Typologically, consonant inventories are richer than vowel inventories. Consonants have been classified according to four basic features. Airstream mechanism is one of these features and describes the direction of airflow in or out of the oral cavity. The outgoing airflow is further separated according to its origin, that is, air coming from the lungs (pulmonic) or the oral cavity (non-pulmonic). Consonants are also grouped according to their phonological voicing contrast, which can be manifested phonetically by the presence or absence of vocal fold oscillations during the oral closure/constriction phase and by the duration from an oral closure release to the onset of voicing. Place of articulation is the third feature and refers to the location at which a consonantal constriction or closure is produced in the vocal tract. Finally, manner of articulation reflects different timing and coordinated actions of the articulators closely tied to aerodynamic properties.

Cross-analysis for the assessment of urban environmental quality: An interdisciplinary and participative approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 239980832110373
Author(s):  
Haouès-Jouve Sinda ◽  
Lemonsu Aude ◽  
Gauvrau Benoit ◽  
Amossé Alexandre ◽  
Can Arnaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Neighbourhood Level ◽  
Environmental Component ◽  
Participative Approach ◽  
The Aesthetic

The goal of this research is to assess environmental quality at the neighbourhood level through a multi-dimensional and multi-sensory approach that combines social and physical methodologies. For this purpose, an interdisciplinary protocol has been designed to simultaneously collect physical parameter measurements (related to microclimate and acoustics) and survey data on perceptions (involving residents and non-residents). The cross-referenced analysis of data collected at six contrasting places in a district in Toulouse (France) enabled us (i) to better understand and prioritise the factors that influence residents' assessment of the quality of their living environment and (ii) to understand to what extent the differentiation of the places by the inhabitants converges with the differentiation of these places based on acoustic and micrometeorological measurements. The statistical analysis based on individuals showed the importance of noise and air quality that rank just after the aesthetic dimension for all respondents. Nevertheless, the quality of maintenance and the feeling of security that the place inspires seem to be as crucial as these environmental criteria for the inhabitants. The analysis focused on the sites highlighted the consistency between the typology of places based on perceptions and that based on acoustic measurements, which confirms the high inhabitants' sensitivity to this environmental component.

Pre-Speech in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate or Cleft Palate Only: Phonetic Analysis Related to Morphologic and Functional Factors

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anette Lohmander-Agerskov ◽  
Ewa Söderpalm ◽  
Hans Friede ◽  
Eva-Carin Persson ◽  
Jan Lilja
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Functional Factors ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Delayed Closure ◽  
Manner Of Articulation ◽  
Positive Effect

Pre-speech in 35 children with clefts of the lip and palate or palate only were analyzed for place and manner of articulation. Transcriptions were made from tape recorded babbling sequences. Two children without clefts were used as reference. All of the children with clefts were treated according to a regimen of early surgical repair of the velum cleft and delayed closure of the cleft in the hard palate. The frequency of selected phonetic features was calculated. Correlations between phonetic/perceptual and functional and morphological factors were tested. Supraglottal articulation dominated among all the children Indicating a sufficient velopharyngeal mechanism. The results also showed correlations between cleft type and place of articulation. Anteriorly placed sounds (I.e., bilabial, dental, and alveolar sounds) occurred frequently among the children with cleft palate only and in the noncleft children. In children with cleft lip and palate, posteriorly placed articulations predominated. It was postulated that early intervention may have a positive effect on articulatory development.

scholarly journals Time-Frequency Analysis of Kannada Phonetics

2021 ◽  
pp. 377-385
Author(s):  
Sharada C. Sajjan ◽  
Vijaya C
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Time Frequency Analysis ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Formant Frequencies ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Kannada Language ◽  
Energy Maximum ◽  
Manner Of Articulation

This paper presents phonetics of Kannada language and their classification based on time-frequency analysis. Each distinct sound of speech called phoneme is produced by changing the shape of the vocal tract tube. The resonances of the vocal tract tube called formant frequencies are responsible for producing different phonemes. It is observed that vowels (Swaragalu in Kannada) have clear formant structure and they are about 3 to 5 formant frequencies of significance below 5000 Hz. They are characterized by having high energy, maximum airflow and periodicity and are classified based on the location of formant frequencies. Consonants (Vyanjanagalu in Kannada) are classified based on voicing, place of articulation and manner of articulation. Time-frequency analysis reveals that there are totally 37 distinct phonemes in Kannada language.

Errors in the Echoic Behavior of Preschool Children

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Bricker
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
English Language ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Frequency ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Echoic Behavior ◽  
Manner Of Articulation ◽  
Nonsense Syllables

Ninety children were divided equally into three age groups ranging at full-year intervals from 3.0 to 5.9 years of age. The subjects were given a test of echoic behavior consisting of 22 consonants coupled with each of two vowels to form consonant-vowel nonsense syllables. Analysis indicated that the errors made were inversely related to the frequency of the sounds in the repertoires of infants, and to the frequency of the sounds in the English language. Results also indicated that the stability of specific errors increased with age while the total frequency of errors decreased. The analysis of specific errors indicated that more errors were associated with the place of articulation than with either the manner of articulation or the voiced-voiceless dimension.

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