scholarly journals Strategy for trout feeding with Aller aqua feeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Y. Bobel ◽  
J. I. Pivtorak
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The Impact

Due to the fact that the cost of forage for trout is up to 60% of all costs for its cultivation, the problem of rational use and saving has a special place. In the planned production the selection of the appropriate feed and feeding strategies are very important. Two extremely important coefficients of the indicator should be taken into consideration: coefficient of growth rate and fodder coefficient. The maximum growth rate is not correlates with the best fodder coefficient. All Allerg aqua production feeds are made in the form of ellipsoid granules. According to Aller aqua, the ellipsoid shape of the granules can significantly improve feed and, consequently, reduce its loss. When immersed in water, granular feeds at the expense of the ellipsoid form carry chaotic movements that attract fish to their capture. In addition, the granules of the ellipsoid form in the production process are better saturated with fat. Feeding trout it is necessary to take into account that the size of the granules for young fish in the length of 4–20 cm should be from 2.2 to 2.6% of the body length (according to Smith), which corresponds to the mouth opening size and the distance between the gill stamens in rainbow trout. The onset of feeding in time leads to the proper formation of the esophagus, which allows further intensive feeding. Provision of high quality fodder is one of the most important conditions for successful industrial fish farming. In conditions where the fish is devoid of natural food, the metabolism is controlled by humans and depends on the balance, quality and quantity of feed supplied to the fish. That is the reason of great opportunities for increasing the rate of growth of fish, with minimal expenses for mixed fodder, reducing the mortality of young fish, improving the quality of producers, and in general improving the efficiency of all fish farming processes. In order to determine with great accuracy the norms of feeding, it is necessary to carry out the control of weighing of fish. The size of the sample depends on the size of the pool and the amount of fish. The sampling should be from 50 to 100% of the general population in small containers and at least 1% in large pools. Fish is best fed often, in small portions. The smaller the fish, the more it needs to be fed. If necessary, it is needed to use special therapeutic granulated food or a mixture of therapeutic ingredients to add to the wet granules. Fish should be fed every day, since breaks lead to a decrease in its mass. It is necessary to create optimal conditions for cultivation and to carry out constant monitoring of water temperature and its fluctuations, oxygen content in water, pH, atmospheric pressure, etc. The impact of feed on the environment is also closely related to the value of the feed factor. The main products of fish metabolism that are isolated in aqueous medium, it is nitrogen and phosphorus. The Aller Aqua Feeding Program for trout includes the following: The amount of feed fed with trout depends on the temperature and size of the fish. These factors affect the amount of ration feeding.

STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF FEED ADDITIVE OF SODIUM HUMATE FOR STERLET BY THE CAGE METHOD OF GROWING

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Polishchuk ◽  
B. Yu. Kovalenko ◽  
N. I. Vovk ◽  
I. S. Kononenko ◽  
V. O. Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Sodium Humate ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of an experiment to assess the effect of feed additive of humates on the growth rate and survival of different age groups of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus L., 1758) and the conversion of fish feed for keeping in aquaculture. Based on the analysis of sources of scientific and technical information, it was found that humic drugs have long been used in crop production as growth stimulants and microfertilizers, and in animal husbandry - to normalize metabolism, treatment of digestive diseases and general stimulating effect on the body as a whole. Analysis of data on the use of humates in aquaculture indicated the presence of a positive effect of these compounds on individual cultivation objects. The small amount of information on the use of humates in fish farming has led to the conclusion that this direction of fish farming intensification is still insufficiently studied, and that studies of the impact of humic substances on aquaculture objects are not comprehensive and mainly concern the assessment of individual effects of biologically active action of the compounds on fish. The available information gave grounds to speculate about the prospects for the use of humates in sturgeon farming. To test this assumption, a series of experiments was conducted on the feeding of sterlet feed with the addition of sodium humate. The research was conducted in 2018, 2020 and 2021, in the production conditions of the cage fishery, located on the Kaniv Reservoir. The effect of different concentrations of sodium humate feed additives on one- and two year old sterlet was evaluated. It was found that the addition of sodium humate to fish feed in concentrations of 60, 100, 120 and 200 mg / kg of feed did not significantly affect the growth rate of sterlet. Thus, the advantage of experimental variants over the control for this indicator was insignificant, in the range of 1.0-1.6%. The effect of sodium humate on the survival of this year sterlet, for their cultivation in gardens. At the same time, the best, by 6.7-17.4%, feed conversion with the addition of humates by one- and two-year-old sterlet was noted. According to the results of the experiments, the best result was obtained in the variant using a feed additive of humates at a concentration of 200 mg / kg of feed. It is considered promising to continue the study of the impact of feed additives of humates on the growth and survival of valuable aquaculture objects under different housing conditions, in particular in closed recirculation aquasystems (RAS), as well as finding the optimal concentration of these additives in feed for different species and age groups of fish.

Fish farming in Denmark: environmental impact of regulative legislation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Iversen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Local Impact ◽  
The Impact

The main environmental problems associated with fish farming in Denmark are attributable to the dam, the “dead reach” and nutrient and organic matter discharge. The environmental regulation of fish farming in Denmark started with the Environmental Protection Act of 1974, the Statutory Order of 1985 forbidding wet feed, and the Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment of 1987. In the case of freshwater fish farms, the latter was implemented through the measures stipulated in the 1989 Statutory Order on Fish Farms. The impact of Danish legislative measures to reduce and regulate the environmental effects of freshwater fish farms can be summarized as follows: - the number of fish farms has been reduced from about 800 in 1974 to about 500 at present; - production has tripled since 1974 and has been stable since 1989; - a change from wet to dry feed has reduced the environmental impact of the farms; - the national goals of the Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment of 1987 for reducing fish farm discharges of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus have been fulfilled. The main remaining problems are that: - the local impact of fish farms on downstream stream quality is still much too high in about 15% of cases; - the problem of the passage of migrating invertebrates and fish is still unsolved at some farms; - the problems posed by “dead reaches” are still unsolved. It is concluded that sustainable fish farming is possible in Denmark, but with the present technology production will have to be significantly reduced.

scholarly journals ЗМІНИ БІЛКОВИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ КРОВІ КОРОПА ЗА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КОМПЛЕКСУ СИМБІОНТНИХ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
T. Mazur ◽  
I. Garkusha
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Protein ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
The Impact

In modern conditions the intensification of cultivation and fish farming industrial fish farming today is based on the principles of technological pipeline. One way of improving the technology of cultivation and breeding of fish and maintain normal physiological status is the use of probiotic microorganisms. Fruits included in their composition can produce different active substances disposed of harmful metabolic products provide an antagonistic effect on pathogens. It is known that the use of probiotics affect the cellular and biochemical composition of blood, including the performance level of protein in the blood. The purpose of these studies was to determine the impact of complex probiotic microorganism Bacillus subtillis and Lactobacillus acidophilus compared with the use of these monocultures of microorganisms on the blood protein fractions of common carp. Through monitoring of total protein in serum may receive the most accurate information about the immune status carp. It was found that the inclusion in the diet of carp probiotic complex consisting of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus vplyvayea more positive on blood levels of total protein and its fractions in the serum of carp than using the latest in a monoculture. Besides data indicate intensification of metabolic processes in the body of the fish. However, the increase in γ–globulins shows a positive effect probiotynoho complex on humoral immunity factor carp. 

scholarly journals Growth curve by Gompertz nonlinear regression model in female and males in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum)

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2309-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDA DE MELLO ◽  
CARLOS A.L. OLIVEIRA ◽  
RICARDO P. RIBEIRO ◽  
EMIKO K. RESENDE ◽  
JAYME A. POVH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Model ◽  
Niche Market ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Males And Females

ABSTRACT Was evaluated the pattern of growth among females and males of tambaqui by Gompertz nonlinear regression model. Five traits of economic importance were measured on 145 animals during the three years, totaling 981 morphometric data analyzed. Different curves were adjusted between males and females for body weight, height and head length and only one curve was adjusted to the width and body length. The asymptotic weight (a) and relative growth rate to maturity (k) were different between sexes in animals with ± 5 kg; slaughter weight practiced by a specific niche market, very profitable. However, there was no difference between males and females up to ± 2 kg; slaughter weight established to supply the bigger consumer market. Females showed weight greater than males (± 280 g), which are more suitable for fish farming purposes defined for the niche market to larger animals. In general, males had lower maximum growth rate (8.66 g / day) than females (9.34 g / day), however, reached faster than females, 476 and 486 days growth rate, respectively. The height and length body are the traits that contributed most to the weight at 516 days (P <0.001).

Efficiency of using bioflavonoids in production feeds for promising aquaculture facilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
S. V. Ponomarev ◽  
Y. V. Fedorovykh ◽  
A. B. Akhmedzhanova ◽  
O. A. Levina ◽  
V. A. Pospelov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Artificial Ecosystem ◽  
Aquaculture Facilities

Modern technologies of industrial fish farming allow getting high-quality products. However, stressful conditions of an artificial ecosystem (high planting density, violation of optimal hydrochemical conditions) can negatively affect food activity, growth rate, lead to the development of alimentary diseases and depletion of the antioxidant potential In conditions when fish is deprived of natural food, and the metabolism is completely under human control, the use of balanced feeds enriched with macro — and microelements, as well as biologically active substances, maximizes metabolic processes and helps to increase the growth rate and obtain physiologically complete juveniles. The use of antioxidant feed additives allows not only to carry out timely therapy, but also to provide a preventive effect to prevent the negative consequences of an artificial ecosystem. Currently, there are a number of antioxidant feed additives, among which are of particular interest to natural bioantioxidant of flavonoid nature, such as catechins, dihydrochalcones, flavonols, leukocyanins, dihydroquercetin. The article discusses the experience of using a new generation antioxidant — dihydroquercetin and an immunostimulator — arabinogalactan in feeding a tilapia hybrid (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis niloticus). It was found that the addition of dihydroquercetin (25,0– 50,0 mg/kg) and arabinogalactan (50,0 mg/kg) to the production feed allowed to increase productivity by 26,0%, as well as to show a positive effect on the physiological state of fish. The results obtained complement the existing ideas about the fields of application of antioxidants, and also prove the prospects of using plant-based products as antioxidant feed additives.

Modeling the Impact of Vapor Thymol Concentration, Temperature, and Modified Atmosphere Condition on Growth Behavior of Salmonella on Raw Shrimp†

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIYUAN ZHOU ◽  
SHIOWSHUH SHEEN ◽  
YU-HSIN PANG ◽  
LINSHU LIU ◽  
KIT L. YAM
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Modified Atmosphere ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Raw Shrimp ◽  
The Impact

Salmonella is a microorganism of concern on a global basis for raw shrimp. This research modeled the impact of vapor thymol concentration (0, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/liter), storage temperature (8, 12, and 16°C), and modified atmosphere condition (0.04 as in the natural atmosphere and 59.5% CO2) against the growth behavior of a Salmonella cocktail (six strains) on raw shrimp. Lag time (hour) and maximum growth rate (log CFU per gram per hour), chosen as two growth indicators, were obtained through DMFit software and then developed into polynomial as well as nonlinear modified secondary models (dimensional and/or dimensionless), consisting of two or even three impact factors in the equations. The models were validated, and results showed that the predictive values from both models demonstrated good matches to the observed experimental values, yet the prediction based on lag time was more accurate than maximum growth rate. The information will provide the food industry with insight into the potential safety risk of Salmonella growth on raw shrimp under stressed conditions.

scholarly journals A Feasibility Study of Wholesale Market in Malaysia: Stakeholders’ Perspectives

2018 ◽  
pp. 216-219
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
The Body ◽  
Model Management ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Wholesale Market ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
The Impact

The wholesale and retail sector in Malaysia is closely interlinked and it is one of the most important economic activities that generate the source of income for the country. It is also a sector that is classified under the services sector. During the 10th Malaysia Plan, this sector recorded an annual average growth rate of 6.7% and its contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) increased from 13.9% in 2011 to 14.7% in 2013. In the 11MP, the subsector is expected to achieve an average annual growth rate of 5.8% and accounted for 14.7% of GDP. A wholesale market feasibility study was conducted to identify the needs of consumers and stakeholders in the wholesale market. In particular, the study reviewed the strategic position (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) construction of wholesale markets and analysed the impact of the construction of wholesale markets in terms of market, technical, financial, and operating aspects on the socioeconomic development of the local population. Structured interviews were used to collect qualitative data from 15 respondents, 11 of whom from government agencies, 2 from an association, and 2 from the body politic. The interviews were audio-recorded and then transcribed verbatim. Analysis was performed on the transcriptions by identifying themes, which were then analyzed using the software ATLAS.ti 7. The findings indicate that the construction of wholesale markets has a positive viability in terms of all aspects (market, technical, business model, management and economy / finance) and will have a positive impact on the country’s social and economic development, particularly that of the locals.

Correlates of Growth and Feeding in Laboratory-Maintained Eledone Cirrhosa (Cephalopoda: Octopoda)

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.F. Houlihan ◽  
K. Kelly ◽  
P.R. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Specific Growth Rates

Octopuses (Eledone cirrhosa (Octopoda: Cephalopoda)) held in an aquarium were subjected to varying conditions of feeding and starvation to evaluate putative indices of feeding and growth. Specific growth rate (%d−1) was linearly related to feeding rate (% of the body mass d−1) in animals with a mean body mass of 250 g at 15°C. Maximum growth rates varied between > 2% d−1 (body weights < 300 g) to < 1% d−1 (body weights ≤ 900 g) but specific growth rates were not related to body weight. Growth rates became negative (weight loss) after one week without food.The digestive gland index (DGI) was significantly correlated with short and long-term feeding and specific growth rates, and with body weight. Muscle RNA concentration was linearly correlated with growth rate during the previous 1–3 weeks but not with feeding rate. RNA:protein ratios were not different between mid-arm and mantle sample sites but arm tip values were significantly higher. RNA:protein ratio was related to body weight only in feeding animals. It is concluded that DGI is an index of feeding rate and that RNA:protein ratio can be used as an index of recent (~ 4 weeks) growth rate.

Impact of feed ration on the growth and body weight variation in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) at different life stages in a recirculating aquaculture system

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Michał Kozłowski ◽  
Mirosław Szczepkowski ◽  
Iwona Piotrowska ◽  
Bożena Szczepkowska
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fish Biomass ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Aquaculture System ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the impact of different feed rations (0.5, 0.8, 1.1% fish biomass) on the rearing parameters of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.), reared in a recirculating aquaculture system. The study comprised two experiments. In the first, the material used had been sorted by a mean body weight of 35.5 g, while in the second the pikeperch were divided into three size classes: smallest individuals (class S) with a mean body weight of 59.5 g, medium-sized individuals (class M) with a mean weight of 69.3 g, and largest individuals (class L) with a mean body weight of 84.8 g. The experiments ran for 42 days. At the conclusion of the experiments, the highest body weight and length, daily growth rate, and specific growth rate were attained by the group of fish fed the ration of 1.1% of the fish biomass in both experiments I and II. The feed conversion ratio was also the lowest in this feed ration group, and it differed significantly statistically among the experimental groups (P < 0.05). The feed ration of 0.5% of the fish biomass was only sufficient to maintain vital functions, but it contributed only slightly to growth. The different feed rations did not have a significant impact on the final value of the body weight coefficient of variation of the pikeperch reared in the two experiments. The results of the experiment also indicated that pikeperch is a species with weak stock hierarchy and domination structure.

scholarly journals How do pigs deal with dietary phosphorus deficiency?

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej M. Misiura ◽  
João A. N. Filipe ◽  
Carrie L. Walk ◽  
Ilias Kyriazakis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Knowledge Gaps ◽  
Feed Composition ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
P Retention

AbstractFeeding strategies for growing monogastric livestock (particularly pigs) must focus on maximising animal performance, while attempting to reduce environmental P load. Achieving these goals requires a comprehensive understanding of how different P feeding strategies affect animal responses and an ability to predict P retention. Although along with Ca, P is the most researched macromineral in pig nutrition, knowledge gaps still exist in relation to: (1) the effects of P feed content on feed intake (FI); (2) the impact of P intake on body composition; (3) the distribution of absorbed P to pools within the body. Here, we address these knowledge gaps by gathering empirical evidence on the effects of P-deficient feeds and by developing a predictive, mechanistic model of P utilisation and retention incorporating this evidence. Based on our statistical analyses of published literature data, we found: (1) no change in FI response in pigs given lower P feed contents; (2) the body ash–protein relationship to be dependent upon feed composition, with the isometric relationship only holding for pigs given balanced feeds and (3) the priority to be given towards P retention in soft tissue over P retention in bones. Subsequent results of the mechanistic model of P retention indicated that a potential reduction in P feeding recommendations could be possible without compromising average daily gain; however, such a reduction would impact P deposition in bones. Our study enhances our current knowledge of P utilisation and by extension excretion and could contribute towards developing more accurate P feeding guidelines.

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