scholarly journals Influence of «Microstimulin» and Bioglobin on immunoreactivity status and biochemical processes in chicken broilers at experimental pseudomonosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
T.I. Fotina ◽  
Ye.V. Vashchyk
Keyword(s):  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Pseudomonas Infection

An important direction in the improvement of veterinary and prophylactic measures is the development and introduction into production of new preparations having bioactive properties and regulatory influence on the growth and development of birds, the intensity of metabolic processes, the ability to enhance the functional activity of organs and systems of the body, increase the level of natural resistance of the organism animals. The purpose of research was to study the effect of nanomicroelement feed additive «Microstimulin» and means Bioglobin on the resistance and metabolism of chicken broilers at experimental pseudomonosis. The investigated means «Microstimulin» and Bioglobin were given to chickens aged 14 days (cross Cobb 500) per os 1 time per day in a dose of 1 ml/l and 1 ml/kg with drinking water for 14 days. At day 12 of the experiment, we infected chickens with culture P. aeruginosa intraperitoneally at a dose of 300,000 CFU/ml to modeled pseudomonas infection groups. Slaughter of chickens was carried out in accordance with the principles of humanity by decapitation method on the 15th day of the experiment in 29 day old chicks. The determination of action of the «Microstimulin» and Bioglobin on biochemical processes in the organism of conditionally healthy poultry and at experimental pseudomonas infection was carried out in a complex manner, based on the indicators of congenital immunity, protein metabolism and activity of hepatospecific enzymes AST and ALT. The «Microstimulin» and Bioglobin has a pronounced influence on metabolic processes, in particular protein metabolism, and on the state of the system of congenital immunity of poultry. In the organism of intact bird, investigated means causes similar changes in the level of such mediators of the immune response, as CIC average molecular weight and seromucoids. The use of «Microstimulin» induces pronounced changes in the level of the protein through increased globulin fractions, and increased lysozyme activity. The action of Bioglobin is accompanied by a redistribution of protein fractions towards a slight increase in the synthesis of albumin and γ-globulin, the accumulation of the protein metabolism fractions in the serum, and an increase of lysozyme activity. The investigated means also helps to reduce the manifestations of pathogenetic effects of P. aeruginosa on the bird organism.

COMPLEX FEED ADDITIVE TO NORMALIZE METABOLIC PROCESSES OF COWS

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Н.В. БОГОЛЮБОВА ◽  
Р.А. РЫКОВ
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Alt Activity

Изучен способ нормализации обменных процессов и повышения продуктивности молочных коров при использовании комплекса биологически активных веществ. Эксперимент проведен на коровах голштинской породы (n=12) с продуктивностью за предыдущую лактацию 9000 кг молока. За 20 дней до отела и в течение 65 дней после коровы опытной группы получали комплексную кормовую добавку (ККД), включающую минерал шунгит, холин в «защищенной» форме, пробиотик «Целлобактерин+» и жмых льняной, в количестве 200 г на голову в сутки в смеси с концентратами. Для изучения обменных процессов в организме коров (n=5) в конце опыта отобраны пробы крови и определены основные биохимические показатели. Для оценки продуктивных качеств проводили контрольные дойки. Отмечено повышение в крови коров опытной группы концентрации общего белка на 2,8%, глюкозы — на 26,8% (P≤0,01), фосфолипидов — на 15,2% (P≤0,05), снижение мочевины на 23,6% (P≤0,05), билирубина — на 23,8% (P≤0,01), активности АЛТ на 13,11 (P≤0,05), АСТ — на 14,6% (P≤0,05). Использование ККД позволило снизить и привести в норму активность ферментов: лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ), гаммаглутаминтрансферазы (ГГТ), креатинкиназы. Повышение интенсивности обменных процессов и нормализация показателей, характеризующих работу печени с использованием в питании комплекса биологически активных веществ ферментно-пробиотического, антиоксидантного и липотропно-гепатопротекторного действия, привело к повышению молочной продуктивности. A method of normalizing metabolic processes and increasing the productivity of dairy cows using a complex of biologically active substances has been studied. The experiment was carried out on Holstein cows (n = 12) with a productivity for the previous lactation of 9000 kg of milk. 20 days before calving and within 65 days after the cows of the experimental group received a complex feed supplement (CFS), including the mineral shungite, choline in a "protected" form, the probiotic "Cellobacterin +" and flaxseed cake, in an amount of 200 g per head per day mixed with concentrates. To study metabolic processes in the body of cows (n = 5), at the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken and the main biochemical parameters were determined. To assess the productive qualities, control milking was carried out. An increase in the blood of cows of the experimental group was noted in the concentration of total protein by 2.8%, glucose - by 26.8% (P≤0.01), phospholipids — by 15.2% (P≤0.05), a decrease in urea by 23,6% (P≤0.05), bilirubin - by 23.8% (P≤0.01), ALT activity by 13.11 (P≤0.05), AST — by 14.6% (P≤ 0.05). The use of CFS made it possible to reduce and normalize the activity of enzymes: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma glutamine transferase (GGT), creatine kinase. An increase in the intensity of metabolic processes and the normalization of indicators characterizing the work of the liver with the use of a complex of biologically active substances of enzymatic-probiotic, antioxidant and lipotropic-hepatoprotective action in the diet led to an increase in milk productivity.

scholarly journals The effect of different doses of probiotic feed additives on hematologic indices and morphological structure of individual pig internal organs

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
M. Zhyla ◽  
N. Shkodyak ◽  
G. Kotsyumbas ◽  
Y. Stronskyi ◽  
O. Sobodosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed

In order to improve the digestibility and absorption of feed, metabolic processes, growth and development of animals, increase the resistance of the body immunomodulatory agents, probiotics, prebiotics, combined enzyme-probiotic feed additives are widely used. The purpose of our work was to conduct comparative clinical trials of the effectiveness of the probiotic feed additive Probion-forte in terms of productivity, blood indices and histological structure of individual internal  pigs organs during fattening. The researches were carried out on 120 piglets of big white breed at the age of 28 days, which were divided into 4 groups with 30 units in each one. The probiotics were added to feed in different concentrations in order to determine their efficiency and examine influence on piglets organism: the first group was given probiotic Probion-forte in dose of 1.0 g/kg (10 weeks); the second one – Probion in dose of 1.0 g/kg (6 weeks) and 0.5 g/kg (4 weeks); the third one was given probiotic Bio Plus 2B in dose of 0.4 g/kg for 10 weeks; and the fourth one was a control group. The compound feed was provided according to norms recommended for big white breed taking into account age. On the 42nd day (6 weeks) and on the 70th day of test 10 units were selected for haematological, pathomorphological and microbiological tests. The productivity of animals of all studied groups was evaluated by the average daily gains, safety, feed conversion and slaughter output. The stabilized with EDTA piglets’ blood was used for morphological studies, and blood serum – for biochemical studies. The clinical trials have shown that the application of Probion-forte, as a feed additive for fattening of piglets within 10 weeks after weaning, did not cause adverse reactions, was well tolerated by animals and contributed to the improvement of the processes of erythropoiesis and leucopoiesis, increased of serum total protein content. The increasing activity of serum transaminases indicated more intense metabolic processes in experimental animals’ organism, which was confirmed by increase in average daily weight gains and slaughter output compared to control. In the microscopic examination of the thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, intestines, liver, the characteristic histological structure of the organs was preserved and indicated their active morphofunctional state throughout the study period. Morphometrically the increase in the height of the villi in the duodenum and the size of the thymus lobes in piglets, which were fed with probiotic feed additives was established. The efficiency and appropriateness of the application of these products was confirmed in the first and second experimental groups. However, the most significant difference was observed in piglets fed with Probion-forte for 10 weeks at a dose of 1.0 g/kg of feed.

scholarly journals Changes in calf productivity and resistance as a result of using the lactulose-based feed additive

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00170
Author(s):  
Yulia A. Voevodina ◽  
Tatyana V. Novikova ◽  
Vladimir B. Shevchuk ◽  
Anna I. Gnezdilova ◽  
Evgenia A. Fialkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: the aim of the research is to make a comprehensive assessment of the prebiotic feed additive effect on calves. The experiment was carried out in work conditions on 10 black-and-white Holstein-cross calves at the age of 2 to 32 days. To conduct the experiment, an experimental group and a test group have been formed. Each group has included five milk-fed calves at the age of 2 days and older. All the calves have been given colostrum in their first 2–4 hours after birth and then they have been fed three times a day, at regular intervals. The following methods are used: clinical, microbiological, immunological and statistical. The article describes the prebiotic lactulose-based additive effect on the intestinal microbiocenosis development in one-month old calves and presents an assessment of humoral and cellular components of natural resistance in calves. The research results show a positive effect of the lactulose-based additive on the symbiotic microflora of the gastrointestinal tract that improves the natural resistance of the body and the physiological status of animals, reduces the disease duration and contributes to an increase in weight gain. After feeding the calves with the lactulose-containing preparation during their first month of life, the weight gain of each calf in the experimental group has been 21.8 kg, or + 51 % of the initial weight and in the test group 19.0 kg, or + 41 % of the initial weight. Feeding the additive has an impact on the two components of natural resistance: serum bactericidal activity in the experimental group calves has been higher by 17.8 % and the phagocytosis activity has been higher by 30.5%, compared to the test group calves. Feeding calves with the lactulose-containing additive helps reduce the illness duration, stimulates the increase in live weight and affects the natural resistance level of newborn animals positively.

scholarly journals Feed additives to enhance productivity and natural agricultural resistance of animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
I. V. Cheryomushkina ◽  
A. E. Chernitsky ◽  
N. N. Manilevich
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathology

The use of intensive technologies in industrial livestock leads to an increase in the stress sensitivity of animals, a decrease in their immune status and the development of pathological conditions. To increase the safety of young stock, including by reducing its incidence and death from diseases, feed additives are being developed, including probiotics, prebiotics and (or) other components that stimulate the immunological resistance of animals, their growth and productivity. This article examines the effectiveness of the use of a complex feed additive containing a multienzyme enzyme preparation, the probiotic preparation Prolam and amaranth oilcake to increase the efficiency of growing calves. The studies were performed on calves of the red-motley breed from 10 days of age in Voronezhpishcheprodukt LLC. The study of the effect of the feed additive on the immune and clinical status was carried out on 40 calves, which were divided into 4 groups. The calves of the three experimental groups used the feed additive at a dosage of 5, 10 and 15 g per day from day 10, the control drug was not used. The use of a complex feed additive to calves in the neonatal period helps to optimize the process of formation of intestinal microbiocenosis, increase the body's natural resistance and adaptive immune response to antigenic effects, accompanied by a decrease in the incidence of animals, the duration and severity of gastrointestinal pathology. The use of the feed additive in the dosage of 10–15 g / head per day favorably affected the growth rate and the natural resistance of the body of calves. The data obtained are the basis for the inclusion of feed additives in the diet of young farm animals.

scholarly journals Intestinal histostructure and immune protection activity of age -1+ carp after consumption of a prebiotic feed additive

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
O. P. Dobrianska ◽  
M. I. Zhyla ◽  
O. I. Vishchur ◽  
O. V. Deren ◽  
M. Z. Koryliak
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Nonspecific Resistance ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Experimental Group

Currently, it is important in aquaculture to study and use products and additives, which have positive effects on the digestibility of nutrients by helping to normalize the intestinal microflora, thereby modulating fish immune response. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a prebiotic based on mannan oligosaccharides produced from the outer walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells on the histological structure, morphometric state of the intestine and activity of cellular and humoral components of nonspecific resistance of age -2+ carp. The experiment was conducted in four analogous ponds, which were stocked with age-1 scaly carp with an average weight of 55–58 g with a stocking density of 1000 fish/ha. Carp had been fed balanced compound feed for 60 days. Experimental groups of fish were fed with a prebiotic as a feed additive in the amount of: 0.025 % – Experiment 1, 0.05 % – Experiment 2 and 0.075 % – Experiment 3. Use of the studied prebiotic did not damage the intestinal histological structure of carp of the experimental groups. The villi height and intestinal crypt depth of carp in Experiment 1 (P < 0.05) and Experiment 2 (P < 0.01) were larger compared to the control group. Experiment 3 showed destructive changes in intestinal mucosa. The results of histological examination indicated the effectiveness of the use of the studied prebiotic in the amount of 0.025 and 0.05 % in the diet of age -1+ carp due to the absence of pathological changes and active morphofunctional state of the intestine, which, in turn, had a positive effect on feed absorption and metabolic processes in fish body. Analysis of the indicators of cellular and humoral links of natural resistance showed that in carp of the second and third experimental groups lysozyme activity of serum was 5 and 11 % (P < 0.001) higher than in the control group. Similar changes, though found in a greater extent, were recorded in the study of bactericidal activity of blood serum, especially in individuals of the second and third experimental groups (by 6.8 (P < 0.01) and 15.2 %). While with carps of the third experimental group, which used a prebiotic drug in the amount of 0.075 %, the content of CEC was 20.5 % higher than in the control group, which indicates an additional antigenic load on the body and is an unfavorable diagnostic factor. At the same time, with the fish of the second experimental group, which received, respectively, 0.05 % of the supplement of the drug “Actigen” to the main diet, probably higher phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils was recorded. A direct dependence of the growth of the phagocytic index and the phagocytic number of neutrophils on the dose of the studied prebiotic was detected. Immunological studies indicated a dose-dependent effect of the prebiotic on the activity of cellular and humoral components of non-specific resistance of carp. Given this, for the effective functioning of innate protective mechanisms, for the increase of the body's immune potential and productivity, it is most appropriate to apply to the diet of carp prebiotic supplement “Actigen” in the amount of 0.025 and 0.05 %.

scholarly journals Імунний статус телят, хворих на гастроентерит

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (82) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.O. Zinko
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
T Helper ◽  
T Suppressors ◽  
Cellular And Humoral Immunity

It has been established that there is a violation of the immunocompetence of the macroorganism at diseases of the gastrointestinal tract which are accompanied by diarrhea. Since the immune system is one of the most important homeostatic systems in the body, these disorders play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Thus, the purpose of the work was to study the indicators of natural resistance and immunological reactivity in calves with gastroenteritis. The research was carried out at the state enterprise «Milk Rinks»Pravda LTD in Brody district of Lviv region on 1.5–2-month-old-calves. 15 calves were selected for the study: 5 healthy ones and 10 patients with gastroenteritis. Blood for research was taken from the jugular vein before the early feeding.In the study of indicators of natural resistance, it was found that in calves with gastroenteritis, the content of circulating immune complexes in serum is authentically (P < 0.001) greater than 45.1%, bactericidal and lysozyme activity of serum is authentically (P < 0.01 ) lower at 15.1 and 26.3% and phagocytic activity of neutrophils – by 8.6% compared with healthy animals. In the study of lymphocytes and their subpopulations, it was found that the relative amount of T-total and T-active lymphocytes is authentically (P < 0.01) less by 8.6 and 11.7%, respectively, compared with healthy animals, the relative number of T-helper cells – less than 16.4% (P < 0.01). There is no probable difference in the relative number of T-suppressors between patients and healthy animals, but the immunoregulatory index in calves, patients with gastroenteritis, is 19.4% smaller, compared with healthy ones. The relative number of B-lymphocytes was authentically (P < 0.01) less in sick animals by 14.5% compared with clinically healthy ones, and the content of immunoglobulins in serum was lower by 16.3% (P < 0.01). Conclusion: in calves, patients with gastroenteritis, there are a number of violations of the immune system, characterized by a decrease in the parameters of cellular and humoral immunity, which require correction in the process of treatment.

scholarly journals Method for zoology-and-hygienic prediction of values of hematological parameters and natural resistance of the first litter gilts’ body according to the performance level of sows and suckling piglets obtained from them

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-468
Author(s):  
S. V. Solyanik ◽  
A. A. Khochenkov ◽  
N. В. Zaytseva ◽  
M. V. Pestis
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Experimental Animals

One of research and applied areas of development of the agricultural branch of science is its digitization nowadays. However, the practical solution of this problem is constrained by the lack of sufficient statistical material for the mathematical provisioning of computer programs for predicting productivity of pigs according to indicators characterizing metabolic processes in their bodies. The aim of the work is to develop a computer zoology-and-hygienic method for predicting the morphological, hematological and immunological parameters of the first litter gilts body according to the level of performance of sows and suckling pigs obtained from them. The paper presents the technique based on curvilinear and nonlinear mathematical interdependencies of hematological indices of the first litter gilts and their performance, which allows to simulate metabolic processes in the body of pigs in correlation with a specific level of their performance. Determining the mechanism of pig productivity formation is not based on the analysis of blood samples from several experimental animals, as it used to be for more than half a century, but from all the pigs taking part in the experiment, i.e. tens and hundreds of animals performance confirmed by the data of the primary zoology engineering registration. Reliability of differences in immunological, morphological and biochemical parameters of pigs blood is achieved through a weighted average of the level of performance and related hematological parameters forming the basis of metabolic processes in experimental animals. Thus, the use of a computer program for zoology engineering and zoology-and-hygienic experiments in pig breeding, where there are primary data on the level of experimental animals performance, allows to simulate one or another mechanism for the formation of specific numerical values of pigs performance, in particular, multiple pregnancy of the first litter gilts, with no blood samples and no morphological, biochemical and immunological analyzes.

scholarly journals Incidence risk of bronchopneumonia in newborn calves associated with intrauterine diselementosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-995
Author(s):  
Elena Kalaeva ◽  
Vladislav Kalaev ◽  
Anton Chernitskiy ◽  
Mohammad Alhamed ◽  
Vladimir Safonov
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Newborn Animals

Background and Aim: Macro- and micro-elements are required to ensure the normal course of biochemical processes in the development of an animal's body. Any excess, deficiency, or imbalance in chemical elements in an animal's body can cause the development of various latent or clinically expressed pathological conditions. Diselementosis in pregnant cows may lead to impaired embryo and fetal development, as well as reduced neonatal viability. The aim of this study was to analyze the content of macroelements and microelements in the blood serum of both calving cows and their calves to evaluate the relationship between indicators of mineral metabolism in the mother and newborn and to establish what role separate chemical elements play in making newborn calves more prone to bronchopneumonia. Materials and Methods: The content of potassium (K), sodium (Na), iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Strontium (Sr), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), and selenium (Se) in the blood serum of 33 pregnant cows between 239 and 262 days of gestation and their 33 1-day old calves was determined using the Shimadzu AA6300 (Japan) atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) content was determined using ion-selective electrodes from the Olympus-400 analyzer (Beckman Coulter, USA). During the 1st month of life, all calves in the sample set had some sort of respiratory diseases and seven of the calves had bronchopneumonia. Retrospectively, the samples of adult and newborn animals were divided into two groups each: Dams I – cows whose calves had uncomplicated bronchitis (n=26); Dams II – cows whose calves got bronchopneumonia (n=7); and Newborns I – calves with uncomplicated bronchitis (n=26); Newborns II – calves with bronchopneumonia (n=7). Results: The content of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mo, and Se in dams in both groups of cows was within the reference range; the concentrations of Fe and Ni were higher than the reference range; and the concentrations of Cu, Zn, As, Co, and Cr were lower than the reference range. There were no significant differences in elemental status between the Dams I and Dams II groups. In newborn calves, the concentration of Ca and Mo corresponded to the reference range; the concentrations of Mg, Fe, Co, and Ni in both groups exceeded the reference range; and the concentrations of Cu, Zn, As, Cr, and Se were lower than the reference range. Results highlighted that there was a tendency to decrease concentration of Fe, Mo, and Se and a significant increase in the Ni concentration in calves of the Newborns II group compared with calves of the Newborns I group. It was also found that Zn, Co, Cr, and Mo actively accumulated in the body of newborn animals while the transplacental transfer of Cu, As, and Sr was limited; and transfer of Se and Ni was regulated by concentration ratios in the blood of the mother and the fetus. The excessive concentrations of Ni and Fe in the blood serum of cows and calves and the imbalance in the ratio of elements Fe–Cu–Zn, Fe–Cu–Co negatively affected erythropoiesis, formation of the immune system, and antioxidant status of the fetus and newborn. These changes were considered to be risk factors for the development of bronchopneumonia in calves. Conclusion: An excess of serum Fe and Ni and deficiency of Cu, Zn, As, Co, and Cr in cows during the gestation period can lead to similar impairments of the mineral status in newborn calves. At the systemic level, dyslementosis in combination with the influence of other adverse factors, can lead to an increased load on the respiratory and hematopoietic systems of calves during postnatal adaptation and can subsequently cause a decrease in the natural resistance of calves and development of bronchopneumonia.

Vitamin nutrition of calves

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
G. Vyayzenen ◽  
R. Dautov ◽  
A. Vyayzenen ◽  
D. Bolshakov ◽  
N. Prodanov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Daily Gain

Experimental studies have shown an increase in productivity, metabolic processes, the effectiveness of the use of nutrients and biologically active substances and the metabolic energy of diets, the health of heifers aged 1–6 months under the conditions of industrial technology of their rearing. Increasing the productivity of heifers is closely related to improving the nutrition system during all periods of rearing with the use of the vitamin complex Vitaminol in diets depending on their age and body weight. The highest effectiveness of rearing young animals has been established when using Vitaminol in doses: 1,3 g/head./day – up to 1 month, 2,4 g/head./day – 2 months, 3,3 g/head./day – 3 months, 4,3 g/head./day – 4 months, 4,8 g/head./day – 5 months and 5,3 g/head./day – at the age of 6 months. Differentiated feeding of optimal doses of feed additives to calves increases the digestibility of dry matter by 1,41–10,8 %, organic matter by 1,6–10,0 %, raw protein by 1,6–6,8 %, raw fat by 1,4–8,7 %, raw fiber by 1,5–3,0 % and nitrogen-free extractive substances by 1,6–6,0 % depending on age and body weight (from 1 to 6 months inclusive). It has a positive effect on the absorption of nitrogen and the use of calcium and phosphorus in the body. The use of Vitaminol in diets of calves contributes to an increase in live weight and average daily gain compared to the control group. In calves up to one month of age (at the dose of 1,3 g/head/day) live weight increased by 6,5 %, the average daily gain by 11,4 %, in 2 months (at the dose of 2,4 g/head/day) these indicators were 2,9 and 2,6 %, respectively, at 3 months (at the dose of 3,3 g/head/day) – 3,4 and 8,2 %, in 4 months (at the dose of 4,3 g/head/day) – 6,7 and 12,8 %, in 5 months (at the dose of 4,8 g/head/day) – 4,4 and 3,6 % and at 6 months (at the dose of 5,3 g/head/day) – 4,3 and 2,7 %, respectively. In order to improve the quality of feeding when rearing calves, more fully realize their genetic potential, increase productivity and use of nutrients in diets and normalize metabolic processes in the body we recommend the optimal doses of the feed additive Vitaminol depending on age (g/head/day): 1,3 – in 1 month, 2,4 – in 2 months, 3,3 – in 3 months, 4,3 – in 4 months, 4,8 – in 5 months, 5,3 – in 6 months. Feed additive Vitaminol enter into the composition of complete feed, wet feed mixtures and feed to calves 1 time per day.

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