scholarly journals Залежність відтворної здатності корів від тривалості лактації

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (77) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Y.S. Masalovych ◽  
V.I. Liubetskyi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The Third ◽  
Similar Tendency ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period

The dependence of the criteria of the reproductive ability of cows on the duration of lactation was studied. The duration of the lactation period (300–450 days) for highly productive cows is optimal for: the service period, the insemination index, the interval interval and the exit of the calves. On average, on farms, the average duration of the service period did not differ significantly between them and did not depend on the system of cows' content and amounted to 302 ± 60.9 and 307 ± 61.3 days, respectively. A similar tendency can be naturally traced in the parameters of the inter-interval interval. The increase in lactation time of cows negatively affects the indicators of their reproductive capacity and economic data. The total costs for one animal from additional changes and shortages of calves were the highest in the third research groups and amounted to 1458 and 1946 UAH. according. It is established that the duration of the lactation period affects the reproductive performance of cows

scholarly journals REPRODUCTIVE CAPACITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS DEPENDING ON THE AGE OF FERTILIZATION OF THE BIRDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
G. S. Sharapa ◽  
S. Yu. Demchuk ◽  
O. V. Boiko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Average Duration ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

Effective management of dairy farming requires the creation not only of highly productive herds, but also to increase the fertility of cows and their long-term productive use. Although cattle have a long biologically possible longevity, but in practice this potential is not sufficiently used. Most scientists and practitioners previously considered the rational age of the first insemination of normally developed heifers to be 17–20 and even 23 months. But in recent years, most scientists have advocated insemination of heifers at 14–17 months. We were tasked to study the reproductive capacity and milk productivity of Holstein, Ukrainian Black-and-White (UBaWDB) and Ukrainian Red-and-White (URaWDB) dairy cows for the first two lactations, depending on age and live weight during insemination of heifers. It is planned to continue the study during the long-term economic use of cows. Research and production experiments were performed on cows of Holstein, UBaWDB and URaWDB breeds of the first two lactations of CJSC "Agro-Region" and SE "Chaika" taking into account the results of our previous research on breeding, age of fertilization and live weight of heifers. Heifers were inseminated at the age of 12–22 months at a live weight of mainly 360–380 kg. According to personal research and zooveterinary records, physiologically normal calvings occurred in 72% of cows and in 19% of cases the assistance was provided by 1–2 people, and in 9% of heifers and cows the births were difficult and required qualified veterinary care. According to the results of completed lactations, 188 first-born cows were found: the average duration of the service period (SP) was 175 days (from 114 to 212 days) and lactation (LP) 389 days (from 327 to 419 days). Hope milk for lactation was 9814 kg and for 305 days lactation – 8160 kg, daily hopes – 25.3 kg. In terms of duration of joint venture and productivity, the advantage was for younger cows. Experiments on 137 cows of the second lactation UBaWDB breed SE "Chaika" show that the average service period lasted 156 days and the lactation period – 355 days. During lactation, 9461 kg of milk is milked, and for 305 days – 8452 kg. The daily milk yield was 26.7 kg with an average fat content of 3.80%. When inseminating developed heifers aged 12–14 months (43 goals) SP for the second lactation lasted an average of 155 days (at the first lactation – 182 days). Lactation lasted 351 days, during which 10045 kg of milk was milked. When inseminating heifers at the age of 15–18 months (74 goals) SP lasted 154 days (during the first lactation – 166 days). Lactation lasted 349 days and milked 9282 kg of milk. When inseminating heifers at the age of 19–22 months (20 goals) SP lasted 162 days (with the first lactation – 176 days), and lactation – 366 days and milked 9116 kg of milk. The first lactation was completed by 181 cows with an average gestational age of 280 days, recovery period (RV) – 72 days, service period – 123 days, lactation period – 344 days, milk productivity per lactation – 7974 kg and daily milk yield – 23.3 kg of milk. The second lactation was completed by 171 cows with the following average indicators: duration of pregnancy – 280 days, RP – 74 days, SP – 127 days, LP – 339 days, hopes for lactation – 8125 kg and daily hopes – 24.5 kg. When inseminating heifers of all breeds at the age of 12–14 months the average duration of the joint venture was 102 days, at 15–18 months – 121 days and at 19–20 months – 136 days, and hopes for lactation – respectively 7170 kg, 7813 kg and 8672 kg. In the 134 Holstein cows controlled, the average duration of SP was 143 days, LP – 357 days and milk yield – 8938 kg. In cows of UBaWDB breed (98 heads) – respectively 100 days, 315 days and 7502 kg, and in cows of URaWDB breed (120 heads) – respectively 116 days, 327 days and 7215 kg. Conclusions. 1. The influence of the age of heifers of Holstein, Ukrainian Black-and Red-and-White dairy breeds during fertile insemination on the indicators of reproductive capacity and milk productivity for the first two lactations has been studied. 2. The optimal age for insemination of heifers should be considered 14–18 months with their normal individual development and live weight of 360–380 kg. 3. The duration of the service period in cows with a normal course of labor and postpartum period is 100–120days, milk productivity of Holstein cows – 8–10 thousand kg, UBaWDB – 8–9 thousand kg, URaWDB – 7–8 thousand kg.

scholarly journals Reppoductive ability of ukrainian black and white dairy cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Kuziv ◽  
E. I. Fedorovych
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Lactation Duration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Period Duration

The major components of economically useful traits in cattle dairy productivity, which conducted the selection is milk productivity and reproductive ability of cows. Studies conducted on animals Ukrainian black and white dairy cattle in the «Milk River» farm in the Sokal and Brody offices breeding reproducers «Breeder» Lviv region and plant breeding «Yamnytsya» Ivano–Frankivsk region. Ukrainian black and white dairy breed in the western region of Ukraine is characterized by good reproductive ability. Depending on the husbandry and lactation duration, service period lasted within 87.4 – 121.5 day, intercalving period – within 364 – 402.6 day, dry period within – 47.3 – 72.9 day, the fertility index was 46.3 – 48.0, coefficient of reproductive ability – within 0.92–0.99,  output of calves per 100 cows – within 91.8 – 98.8. The duration of pregnancy in cows of different  farms and lactations were in range 277 – 283.5 day and meet the requirements of the physiological norm. It has been shown that the milk yield of cows depends on the parameters of reproductive capacity. The correlation between duration of service–period and intercalving period, and milk yield, milk fat in most cases was positive. Correlation dry period duration and parameters of milk yield changed from negative to positive. Depending on the husbandry, lactation and index the impact share of service–period duration on milk yield was 7.0 – 29.7, for intercalving period – 8.8 – 31.8, for dry period – 9.2 – 23.8% respectively.

scholarly journals Reproductive qualities of dairy cows at different levels of milk yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-596
Author(s):  
Svetlana V. Titova
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

The article presents the results of the analysis of the reproductive ability of cows depending on the level of their milk productivity. The studies were conducted in the Republic of Mari El on cows of the Holstein black-and-white breed (n = 3828). There have been studied the influence of different levels of milk yield on the duration of the service period and period between calvings, the output of calves per 100 cows, the coefficient of reproductive ability. The studies used the comparison method, correlation, regression and one-factor analysis of variance. It has been established that the milk yield increases with the age of cows, but at the same time the duration of the service period and calving interval increases. In first-calf cows, the service period was 128.8 days (Cv = 75.1 %), the calving interval was 403.6 days (Cv = 23.5 %). By the third lactation, with an increase in milk yield by 1030 kg (15.4 %), the duration of the service period increased by 7.2 days (5.6 %), the calving interval  -by 12.3 days (3.0 %). The share of the impact (ƞ2x) of milk yield on the duration of the service period was 5.4 %, the calving interval -4.7 %. The correlation coefficients between milk yield for 305 days of the first lactation and the duration of the service period and calving interval were 0.24 and 0.22 (p<0.05), with milk yield for the entire lactation 0.81 (p<0.05). The optimal indicators of the service period (89.4 days), the calving interval (369.4 days), the reproductive capacity (0.94) and the output of calves (1.0) were possessed by the first heifers with low milk productivity-milk yield less than 5000 kg of milk. In animals with the milk yield of 6000-9000 kg of milk or more, the duration of the service period was 12.4-249.6 % higher, the calving interval -by 1.9-32.5 % (p<0.05). According to the regression coefficients, on average, each increase in milk yield per 1000 kg increased the duration of the service period by 25.9 days, the calving interval -by 23.1 days, which worsened the output of calves by 0.24 %, and the coefficient of reproductive ability decreased by 16.0 %.

scholarly journals PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE AND RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREEDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 112-118
Author(s):  
V. V. Machulnyi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Dairy Breed

Milk yield of cows in breeding herds, Cherkassy region, for last completed lactation averaged 6442 kg of milk with 3.62 % fat content. Currently the question of interconnection of cows’ milk production and reproductive capacity is especially important, because the significant increase in milk yields makes minimize calves. The successful conduct of breeding had set the goal to detect the best options for combining milk production and reproductive ability of animals.To characterize the level of milk production including reproductive ability of cows we used indicator of daily average milk yield per one day of periods between calving (PBC). The best service period can be considered period of 51-90 days, that allows you to get one calf per cow per year (average PBC is 351 days) and maintain high milk production (6431 ± 39.6 kg during 305 days of lactation). With this service period all indicators of milk production and reproductive ability are at high level. Reduced service period below recommended levels will reduce the duration of lactation and milk production, and increasing service period will increase the duration of lactation with a simultaneous reduction in milk production for 305 days. Herewith deterioration of reproductive ability is marked and manifested in the increase of the insemination index, decline in the reproductive capacity, increase of periods between calving and as a result, reduce of calves and culling barren cows.Analysis of genealogical structure of the studied herds points to low diversity (Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows belong to 6 lines and Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cows – to 8 ones) with high affinity (by Chief 1427381.62 to R. Sovereign 198998 bloodline, by Starbuck 352790.79 to Elevation 1491007 and Ideal1013415 bloodlines).Genealogical structure of the herds is saturated a lot of bulls genealogical groups of Holstein cattle: Chief 1427381 – 11 bulls in the array of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and 5 ones in Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, Starbuck 352790.79 – 10 sires in the array of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle and 3 ones in Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed, Elevation 1491007.65 – 4 sires in the array of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle and 3ones in Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed.Currently the sires of Chief 1427381.62 (7712-3,76-289,9-3,14-242,1), Starbuck 352790 (7857-3,87-295,4-3,07-241,2), Jocko Besne 694028588.94(6687-3,88-259,5-3,03-202,6), and Bell 1667366 bloodlines (61341-3,95-242,3-3,02-185,2) among sires of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cattle and the sires of Cavalier 1620273.72 (7285-3,98-289,9-3,08-224,4), Chief 1427381.62 (7522-3,76-282,8-3,00-225,7),Starbuck 392405 (7667-3,87-296,7-3,00-230,0), and Elevation 1491007.65 bloodlines (7544-3,80-286,7-3,5-230,0) among sires of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed are classified to a highly productive and promising for breeding and wider use by productive qualities.After the first insemination the lowest proportion of fertilized cows is among offspring belonging to Chief 1427381 bloodline which is only 38 % among both breeds. However, the milk yield of breeding stock belonging to this bloodline is 7712 kg with 3.76 % fat content for Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy cows and 7522 kg of milk with 3.76 % fat content for Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cows. Daughters belonging to Elevation1491007, Valiant 1650414, and Hanover 1629391 bloodlines with yields of 4566-5478 kg of milk per lactation had a part of fertilized cows, after the first insemination, at the level of 41-49 %. Fertilization after the first insemination above 50% was in daughters belonging to Cavalier 1620273.72 (52%), Starbuck 392405(50-55 %), Bell 1667366(56%) and Jocko Besne 694028588.94 bloodlines (64 %). The level of performance of these animals for milk yield ranged from 6134 kg to 7857 kg.Heritability coefficients of milk yield and duration of service period were low (0.118-0.289). A positive correlation can be explained by the fact that extension of service period (to a certain level) leads to growing number of milking days (duration of lactation) and defers a decrease in productivity of cows by physiological reasons, namely as a result of pregnancy. Low rates of heritability indicate little genetic diversity of traits and the significant influence of physiological and environmental factors in their formation.As Ukrainian Black-and-White and Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breeds have a high proportion of heredity of Holstein breed which has genetically large fetus, there is need to study the characteristics of nature passing calving in cows of these breeds. Itis found the number of first-calf heifers which needed help was 52.4%. Animals calve alone in 47.6 % of all cases. Calving was without complications if the live weight of calves not exceeding 6-7% of mother’s weight. The cows calved without help of staff exceeded by 11.7% of the width of the pelvis in the buttocks, 7.5 % of the width of the ilium, and 7.1 % of its oblique length compared with animals of same age.

scholarly journals Reproductive ability and milk productivity of cows depending on breeding value of their progenitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
L. V. Ferenz
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The influence of bullock`s different breeding value for reproductive ability and milk production of their  daughters were investigated. Established that the age of first productive insemination of heifers Ukrainian black spotted milk breed, was 17.5–18.6 months and age of first calving – 26.6–27.8 months. Heifers` live weight at the first insemination was 361.4–407.1 kg. During first lactation the highest productivity had daughters from parents with breeding value by milk yield more than 801 kg. In the first lactation wasn’t found significant difference in duration service-period and interparturition-period for cows derived from progenitors with different breeding value. In the second lactation best indexes in duration service-period and interparturition-period for cows derived from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield 601–800 kg and more than 801 kg. In the third, the highest lactation, these indexes were best for cows derived from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield 601–800 kg. The difference in milk yield during first lactation between heifers received from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield less than 200 kg and heifers from bullock`s  with breeding value 401–600 kg was 292 kg. The difference in milk yield between heifers received from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield less than 200 kg and heifers from bullock`s  with breeding value  with breeding value 601–800 kg  was 660.3 kg. The difference in milk yield between heifers received from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield less than 200 kg and heifers from bullock`s  with breeding value more than 801 kg was  920.8 kg In the second lactation this difference was 589.8 (Р < 0.001), 841.5 (Р < 0.001) і 894.4 (Р < 0.001) kg of milk, in the third, the highest lactation – 754.5 (Р < 0.001), 951.8 (Р < 0.001) і 1335.7 кг (Р < 0.001).

scholarly journals The Productivity of the Holstein Cows in the Process of Adaptation to the Conditions of the Iindustrial Complex of the Yaroslavl Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
О.В. Филинская ◽  
М.Ю. Лапина ◽  
С.В. Зырянова
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
Selection Of

Исследования проводились на одном из промышленных комплексов Ярославской области. Целью исследований являлась оценка по основным признакам продуктивности импортного скота голштинской породы селекции Нидерландов и их дочерей. Было установлено, что как матери, так и дочери имели удлинённую лактацию. Коровы импортной селекции имели высокую молочную продуктивность с первой лактации, которая составила 5597 кг с МДЖ и МДБ 4,23 и 3,38% соответственно, к третьей лактации удои увеличились до 6611,8 кг, МДЖ составила 4,35%, МДБ – 3,37%. Дочери достоверно превосходили своих матерей по продуктивным признакам, за исключением содержания белка по первой лактации, жира и белка – по третьей лактации. На комплексе и матери, и дочери имели удовлетворительную воспроизводительную способность. Выше принятых норм были продолжительность сервис-периода, сухостойного периода, возраст первого осеменения. При этом у дочерей сервис-период был меньше на 60,3 дня. Увеличение удоя является положительным показателем адаптации, с другой стороны, удовлетворительные показатели воспроизводства указывают на трудности адаптации импортного скота. Реализация продуктивных признаков имеет важное значение при ведении селекционной работы со стадом. При определении корреляции дочерей с матерями и генетического влияния наследуемости признаков от матерей была установлена корреляция по первой и третьей лактациям, соответственно: по удою – слабая отрицательная и слабая положительная, по содержанию жира в молоке – невысокая положительная, слабая отрицательная, по содержанию белка – положительная и отрицательная; наследуемость удоя, МДЖ и МДБ составила 45,1–48,3%, по третьей лактации наследуемость содержания жира от матерей – всего 12,4%. Основными причинами выбытия как матерей, так и дочерей послужили проблемы с воспроизводством, болезни конечностей и вымени. Меньше всего коровы выбывали из-за низкой продуктивности. Средний возраст использования матерей составил 1,6 лактации, у дочерей – 1,8. The researches were carried out at one of the industrial complexes of the Yaroslavl region. The aim of the research was to evaluate of imported Holstein cattle of the selection of the Netherlands and their daughters by the main characteristics of the productivity. It was found that both mothers and daughters had elongated lactation. Cows of imported selection had high milk productivity from the first lactation which was 5597 kg with WCF and WCP 4.23 and 3.38% respectively, by the third lactation milk yield increased to 6611.8 kg, WCF was 4.35%, WCP – 3.37%. The daughters were significantly superior to their mothers in productive features, with the exception of protein for the first lactation, fat and protein for the third lactation. In the complex both mothers and daughters had satisfactory reproductive ability. The duration of the service period, the dry period and the age of the first insemination were higher than the accepted norms. At the same time the service period for the daughters was 60.3 days less. The increase in milk yield is a positive indicator of adaptation on the other hand satisfactory reproduction rates indicate difficulties in adapting imported livestock. The realization of productive characteristics is important when conducting breeding work with a herd. When determining the correlation of daughters with mothers and the genetic influence of the heritability of signs from mothers, a correlation was established for the first and third lactations, respectively: by the milk yield – meanly negative and meanly positive, by fat content in milk – low positive, meanly negative, for protein content – positive and negative; the heritability of milk yield, WCF and WCP were 45.1–48.3%, according to the third lactation the heritability of fat content from mothers was only 12.4%. The main reasons for cow disposal of both mothers and daughters were problems with reproduction, diseases of the limbs and udders. Least of all cows were culled due to low productivity. The average age of use of mothers was 1.6 lactation, for daughters – 1.8.

scholarly journals Analysis of interbreeding and age-dependent indexes of reproductive ability of cows.

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
Irina Bondarenko ◽  
Kristinа Velikodna
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Digital Material ◽  
Main Components

Comparative estimation of the periods sexual cycle under futile inseminations cortex and heifers sexual mature age in facilities Sumy region. The profitability of dairy farming in the farms of Sumy region will remain an unresolved issue to this day, as the indicators of reproductive capacity of breeding cows and repair heifers need analysis and correction. Inadequate feeding and inadequate care of pregnant cows and parturients are often added to this. As a consequence of the above - the reproductive capacity inherent in this species of animals is not fully realized, most cows remain infertile, and farms are short of calves and milk. The percentage of barren animals can be calculated only at the end of the calendar year, taking into account the data of statistical reporting, while infertility must be fought daily. Detection of infertile animals is effective only in the case of regular obstetric and gynecological medical examinations on the farm. It is during this time that experts find out the causes and calculate the percentage of the main components of infertility, which includes anaphrodisia. The article presents the results of the study of the main folds of anaphrodisia of cows and repair heifers of the experimental farm of Sumy region. The results of obstetric and gynecological examination, indicators of reproductive capacity of cows and heifers of mating age, reflect the basis of technology used in the economy, the intensity of use of breeding stock, as well as determine the economic feasibility of livestock in general. The main indicators of reproductive capacity of cows in the conditions of livestock farms are: indicators of inseminations, fertility, number of hotels, indicators of fruitless inseminations, and also duration of the service period The aim of the research was to study and analyze the components of anaphrodisia of cows and repair heifers of the farm during the experimental years. The results obtained will be a criterion for assessing the state of reproductive function of the uterine population of cattle. The research was conducted at Kosivshchynska Agricultural Company, Sumy District, Sumy Region, on Holstein-Friesian cows during 2019-2020. The main indicators of reproduction of uterine cattle were studied on the basis of annual reports. The obtained digital material was processed by methods of variation statistics using Student's parametric t-test. It was found that a significant percentage of culled animals occurred due to functional disorders of reproductive ability, namely due to repeated and ineffective inseminations. It was found that in 2019, 19.3% showed a sexual cycle after calving in less than 30 days, in 2020 - 18.9%, in 31-60 days in 2019 - 27%, in 2020 - 26%, in 61 -90 days in 2020 - 52.7%, in 2019 - 51.8%, for 91-120 days in 2019 - 22.1%, in 2020 - 23.5%. There is a steady growth of the service period, which worsens the performance of the experimental economy. It was found that the largest percentage of culled cows and repair heifers were animals with anaphrodisia: in 2019 33.7% of the total number of culled animals, in 2020 - 51.10%. The number of inseminations during the experimental years decreased, and the insemination index increased : in 2019 it was equal to 60, and in 2020 -80. Studies in this area highlight the problem of infertility in cattle, which encourages the study of this issue, and the search for ways to solve this problem.  

scholarly journals COW REPRODUCTION FEATURES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY OF MILK PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
A. A. Velmatov ◽  
◽  
I. M. Dunin ◽  
T. N. Tishkina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Negative Effect

Milk productivity of cows depends on the duration of the service period. Thus, with an increase of the service period from 60 to 121 days after the first calving, milk productivity of cows increases by 937 kg (P≥0.95), after the second calving - by 745 kg and after the third calving - by 926 kg (P≥0.95). Cows with a service period of less than 60 days had the lowest milk productivity of 6751 kg. Cows with a service period of more than 120 days gave 7688-8251 kg of milk. Milk productivity of cows is also influenced by the length of the dry period. Too short, as well as too long dry period has a negative effect on milk productivity. So, cows with a dry period of less than 40 days gave an average of 7011 kg of milk, with an increase of the dry period, milk productivity parameters increase. Cows with a dry period of 41-50 days produced 7465 kg, with a dry period of 51-60 days - 7785 kg, with an increase of the dry period from 61 to 70 days milk productivity increased to 8042 kg, finally, dry period of over 70 days leads to a decrease of milk productivity of cows up to 7211 kg. In terms of the calving interval, the experimental cows corresponded to the parameters of highly productive cows, being within the period of 12-14 months. The analysis of reproductive ability showed that the animals have average values for reproductive ability.

scholarly journals FERTILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF FIRST-CALF COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. М. Kucher ◽  
A. М. Didkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Fertility Index ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of animals at the lowest number of indicators is more effective compared to selection on many grounds. The main focus during the selection of Holstein cattle was to increase milk productivity, which meant the neglect of other important features, such as fertility (fecundity) of animals. The purpose of the work was to determine the level of milk productivity of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed in conditions of a particular farm, in which there would be a successful combination of reproductive capacity support for adjusting the selection of animals. The research was carried out in the breeding plant of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed of farm "Khliborob" of Kozyatinsky district of Vinnytsia region. The material of the research was the information of 212 first-calf cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed of this farm. Indicators of dairy productivity were studied in 305 days of lactation according to zootechnical records. Reproductive ability of cows evaluated index insemination, age 1 st calving (months), duration (days) of service period, the period of pregnancy, the period between calving, the dry period, a rate of reproductive capacity (CRF), the calves are emitted per 100 cows (%) and the fertility index. The first-breed differentiation was carried out at a deviation of 0.7 σ from the mean of index (M) of the fertility index. Such a division makes it possible to divide the herd into 3 groups in a ratio of 1:2:1. The highest level of dairy productivity have characterized by animals of the I group with low fertility (the fertility index was on average 40.8), which significantly surpassed their peers of the III group with good fertility for the livelihood for 305 days of lactation for 434 kg, milk protein production – by 15.2 kg, total milk fat and protein production – by 26.0 kg (P ≤ 0.05). The increase in the duration of lactation and deterioration of fertility has associated with an increase in the duration of the service period, which is quite natural, since animals need more time to invade the genital organs and normalize their functioning and restore normal sexual cycle. The difference in the duration of the lactation period when comparing animals with different fertility in all cases was high-reliable at P ≤ 0.001 (td = 3.38–6.00). The effect of cow fertility on the duration of their lactation was ηx = 0.160 (at P ≤ 0.001). The main indicator that characterizes the economic efficiency of the industry is the profit received from the cow due to the receipt of the calfs and milk. Taking into account the duration of the service period, which exceeded the optimum terms, in the first days of the experimental groups, indicators of non-compliance of products in the form of calves per 100 cows were determined, which made 18.5%, 14.1% and 11.4% respectively. The force of influence on the fertility of cows at the age of their first calving was ηx = 0.507 (at P ≤ 0.001). According to the received data, the first-calf cows with a tiredness of 6274 kg of milk showed the highest calving output in the herd is for 100 cows (89.6%) and reproductive capacity (0.91). The lowest calf output (82.5%) and reproductive capacity (0.84) was found in cows with a milk yield of 6708 kg for 305 days of lactation. As the milk productivity increases, the duration of the service period extends from 123.1 to 158.3 days (r = 0.16 ± 0.07, at P ≤ 0.05), and the index of insemination – from 2.35 to 3,02 (r = 0.17 ± 0.08, at P ≤ 0.05). The relationship was straightforward and reliable. It is necessary to focus on improving cow fertility, which is the basis of effective milk production. For the successful management of dairy cattle breeding in the conditions of the "Hliborob" farm, we recommend to select the herds of heifers to be retrieved from animals with satisfactory fertility, since this will be economically beneficial for the farm and physiologically optimal for animals. A negative correlation was detected between milk productivity and reproductive capacity - with an increase in the fertility index per unit of hopes for cows, it would increase by 148.5 kg of milk. Under existing conditions of feeding and keeping on the farm it is expedient to select for further breeding of animals with a productivity level of 6.5 thousand kg of milk for 305 days of lactation. For a more complete realization of the genetic potential of milk production of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White milk, it is necessary to improve the conditions of their feeding, maintenance.

scholarly journals Reproductive ability of cows and their descendants of different generations

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (89) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
S. I. Fyl ◽  
E. I. Fedorovych ◽  
P. V. Bodnar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The research was carried out on cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed and their descendants of the first and second generations on the conditions of LLC “Veletenj” in the Glukhiv district of the Sumy region. In cows, based on a retrospective analysis of data and the results of their own searches, was studied the age dynamics of reproductive capacity of cows for the first-seventh and higher lactation, and their daughters and granddaughters for the first and higher lactation. It has been established that reproductive ability of cows to some extent is due to their age. Depending on the lactation, the duration of the parturition of the cows of LLC “Veletenj” varied from 278.2 to 280.0, the duration of the indifference period – from 64.4 to 69.0 days, service period – from 123.5 to 136.4, inter-calving period – from 402.2 to 414.8 and in the dry stable period – from 61.3 to 75.8 days, the reproduction rate was 0.91–0.93, the calves output for 100 cows was 90.9–93.0 the index of insemination is 2.41–2.56 and the fertility index is 42.2–44.8. The results of our research indicate that each subsequent generation of cows was characterized by a better reproductive ability, which, in our opinion, is due to the timely abandonment of fetuses and stimulation of infertile cows, as well as an improved level of feeding. The difference in the duration of the service period for the first lactation between the mothers and their daughters was 24.5, for the best lactation – 24.8, for the duration of the interotional period – 24.8 and 23.7 days, respectively, at P < 0.001 in all cases. A more significant difference in reproductive performance was observed between cows and their granddaughters. In terms of the duration of the service period for the first and best lactation, it was 15.5 (P < 0.05) and 33.3 (P < 0,001) and interotional period – 17.3 (P < 0.05) and 33,2 days (P < 0.001) respectively. Between the majority of the studied reproductive abilities of mothers and daughters for the first and higher lactation, the relative variability was positive and reliable, and mothers and granddaughters – low uncertainty and mostly negative (exception – the duration of calving). The highest positive correlation coefficients were observed between the duration of cervix and their daughters (r = 0.113 ± 0.039 at P < 0.001) and granddaughters (r = 0.211 ± 0.088 at P < 0.05) for the first lactation, as well as mothers and daughters for higher lactation (r = 0.114 ± 0.039 at P < 0.01). Between indicators of the indifference period (r = -0.036–0.051) and the index of fertility of cows (r = -0.080–0.014) and their descendants for the lactation under investigation have low, multidirectional, unreliable connections. The influence of mothers on indicators of reproductive function of descendants is established. They made the most significant impact on the duration of service and inter calving periods, reproduction rate, calving out of 100 cows and the index of daughter insemination (ηx2 = 27.57–52.22%). For higher lactation, this effect was significantly lower (exception – the index of insemination) – ηx2 = 15,39–28,10%.

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