scholarly journals ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ СТАН ОРГАНІВ ІМУНОГЕНЕЗУ КАЧЕНЯТ У КРИТИЧНІ ПЕРІОДИ ПОСТНАТАЛЬНОГО ОНТОГЕНЕЗУ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2(66)) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
A.O. Krogh
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Postnatal Ontogenesis ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
Compensatory Reactions ◽  
Capacity Performance ◽  
State Body

The study of the functional state of immunogenesis young ducks during critical periods of growth and development is important for breeding and keeping birds of this species in view of improving the system of evaluation of the immune status of the organism. Such approaches make it possible to warn the development of immunodeficiencies body ducks develop improved feeding schemes to improve capacity performance. In the article are given results of the study of the functional state of the clinically healthy young duck's thymus, bursa Fabricius, spleen in critical periods of postnatal ontogenesis, whose were grown in conditions of Myklashiv farms of Pustomyty district, Lviv region. It is established the increasing of duck's absolute mass of immunogenesis organs on a background of reducing the relative weight and index. However, the functioning of immunogenesis ducklings in critical periods of growth and development of the actual numerical values indicating the relative weight and index. Pronounced changes in the index of immunogenesis observed on the border between 14 and 21 ducklings era of life that can be isolated as one of the critical periods of postnatal ontogenesis immunological this type of bird. The result is the index of thymus, bursa Fabricius, spleen ducklings who are within the physiological norm, show active progress imunomorfolohichnyh specific immune responses in these organs. At sufficiently high index seminary and reduced spleen index can prevent the development of adaptive-compensatory reactions B immunity and lack of imunodefitstnoho state body ducklings 45-day age.

INFLUENCE OF THE SEX AND AGE OF YOUNG TCIGAI SHEEP ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUSCLES AND BONES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Group I ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
Group Ii

The article presents the results of a study of the growth and development of muscles and bones of the peripheral and axial parts of the skeleton of young sheep of the Tcigai breed, depending on gender, physiological state and age. It was found that with age, the relative weight of the peripheral department decreased in rams by 5.90 %, boulders by 5.76%, and eggs by 6.01%, with an increase in the share of the axial department. For the entire period of experience from birth to 12 months. in rams, the muscle mass increased by 7370 g, boulders by 6387 g (for the muscle mass of newborn young animals of group II, the results of slaughter of animals of group I were taken), female offsprings by 5330 g. So for the entire period of growth, the muscle tissue of the axial department had a higher coefficient of increase in absolute mass than the peripheral one. It is characteristic that differences in intensity were manifested during the period of dairy cultivation, in subsequent age periods, young animals of all groups were characterized by a similar value of coefficients both by department and depending on gender.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF USING DIFFERENTIATED APPROACH WHEN IRRIGATING AGRICULTURAL CROPS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Babichev ◽  
◽  
A. A. Babenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Quality Of Products

Purpose: to analyze the experience of Russian scientists in the field of application of a differentiated approach to agricultural crops irrigation. The overview of research work of domestic scientists on the use of an irrigation system in agriculture, in which the provision of agricultural crops with water to maintain a given level of the minimum water capacity will be carried out during the most critical periods of their growth and development is presented. During irrigation, the timing, frequency, irrigation rates depend on the level of groundwater occurrence, agrochemical properties of soils, weather and climatic conditions, phases of growth and development of crops. The application of a differentiated irrigation regime to maintain a given level of pre-irrigation moisture allows increasing the productivity of agricultural crops, the quality of products obtained while reducing irrigation and watering rates, the number of waterings. Conclusions. The study of the results of research work of domestic scientists in the field of influence of irrigation and the fertilization system on the yield and quality of agricultural products allows concluding that obtaining the planned yields is possible only if irrigation regimes are observed and the level of soil fertility is maintained by applying various fertilizers. The use of a differentiated approach to irrigation while maintaining a given level of pre-irrigation soil moisture during critical periods of crop development allows reducing irrigation water consumption and optimizing irrigation rates and their quantity. The study of a differentiated irrigation regime is promising now and in the near future, taking into account the deteriorating water supply in the territory of our country, associated with a change in weather and climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Dynamics of morphometric parameters of α-endocrinocytes of mammal pancreas

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Olga Dilekova ◽  
Cristina Pavlova ◽  
Valentina Shpygova ◽  
Nikolai Agarkov ◽  
Vladislav Porublyov
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Postnatal Ontogenesis ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Age Related

In domestic animals in postnatal ontogenesis, statistically significant changes in the number of α-endocrinocytes and the values of their nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio in the endocrine islets of pancreas have been revealed, which reflects the species and age-related dynamic processes of its morphofunctional development in animals. In cattle and small cattle (sheep), pigs, dogs and cats, two critical periods of postnatal development of the pancreas have been identified. The first critical period is observed from the birth to the age of three months. It is associated with an alimentary factor: the transition from a dairy diet to roughage, which leads to a decrease in the values of morphometric indicators of the pancreas and the restructuring of the functional work of the organ as a whole. The second critical period is registered in animals during puberty, that is, at 6 months of age, which is associated with the release of hormonal inducers aimed primarily at the implementation of physiological changes in the body.

scholarly journals Nutrient partitioning during pregnancy: adverse gestational outcome in overnourished adolescent dams

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Maternal Body ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Maternal Nutritional Status ◽  
Reproductive Axis ◽  
Nutrient Partitioning

Appropriate nutrient partitioning between the maternal body and gravid uterus is essential for optimum fetal growth and neonatal survival, and in adult sheep nutrient partitioning during pregnancy generally favours the conceptus at the expense of the dam. However, recent studies using an overnourished adolescent sheep model demonstrate that the hierarchy of nutrient partitioning during pregnancy can be dramatically altered in young growing females. Overnourishing the adolescent dams to promote rapid maternal growth throughout pregnancy results in a major restriction in placental mass and leads to a significant decrease in birth weight relative to moderately-fed adolescents of equivalent gynaecological age. High maternal feed intakes are also associated with an increased incidence of non-infectious spontaneous abortion, a reduction in gestation length and colostrum production, and a higher incidence of neonatal mortality. The present paper examines the putative role of a variety of endocrine regulators of nutrient partitioning in this unusual model system, where the dam is overnourished while the stunted placenta restricts nutrient supply to the fetus. The central role of nutritionally-mediated alterations in placental growth and development in setting the subsequent pattern of nutrient partitioning between the maternal body, placenta and fetus is examined, and critical periods of sensitivity to alterations in maternal nutritional status are defined. Finally, the consequences of this form of inappropriate nutrient partitioning on the growth and development of the fetus and neonate are described with particular emphasis on the reproductive axis.

scholarly journals Ontogenetic features of protein metabolism in hens of eggs production direc-tion

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (92) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
B. Kyryliv
Keyword(s):  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Gastrointestinal Mucosa ◽  
Amine Nitrogen ◽  
Exogenous Enzyme

We have studied the dynamics of growth and development of chicken egg production of line cross “Hayseks brown” from day age to the age of peak performance. During the experiment, the study of the intensity of metabolic processes in the body of 6, 35, 90, 120, and 150 day-olds, i.e., in critical periods when there is intense growth of feathers and juvenile molten (30–60 days), the beginning of the oviposition (120 days) and the beginning of an intensive oviposition (150 days). In these age periods, the level of soluble proteins, amine nitrogen, and the activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were determined in liver tissues, cuticles of the muscular stomach, gastrointestinal mucosa, gastrointestinal mucosa, duodenum and pancreas. As a result of the research, it was found that the intensity of the growth of chickens is different from the recommendation for the “Hayseks Brown” cross. Only at the age of 119–126 days growing the body weight of the reared chickens coincides with the recommended technology for hens of the cross “Hayseks Brown”. The results of biochemical studies are related to changes in the physiological state and magnitude of gains. During the growth of repair young poultry, in the critical periods of growth and development, it is necessary to deliberately affect the processes of protein metabolism by enhancing the processes of digestion and assimilation of nutrients and biologically active substances of fodder and the sufficient introduction of free amino acids by the use of exogenous enzyme preparations.

scholarly journals Linear growth and development of white lupine plants depending on growing technology and weather conditions

1970 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
A. V. Holodna ◽  
N. H. Buslaeva
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Object Of Study

Purpose. Determination of the influence of seed biodisinfectant, stimulator of growth and foliar feeding on the white lupine growth and development in the context of climate change. Methods. Field (to study the interaction of the object of study with biotic and abiotic factors); morphophysiological (for biological control over development of productivity elements at the stages of organogenesis); weight (to establish the indicators parameters of the crop structure elements and determine the grain yield); statistical (statistical processing of the research results). Results. The results of the analysis of the indicators of the average daily air temperature and the amount of precipitation from April to August and their comparison with long-term values are presented. Indicators of height and aboveground mass of white lupine plants in dynamics, depending on the pre-sowing seed treatment, plant growth stimulant and foliar feeding, correlation dependences of these indicators on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season have been established. Conclusions. The growth and development of white lupine plants depends on the elements of the technology of its cultivation, as well as hydrothermal conditions during the growing season of the crop. The highest plants (83.0 cm) with their maximum weight (143,8 g/plant) were noted in the variant where the seeds of white lupine were treated with БТУ-р bioinoculant simultaneously with the MicoHelp biodisinfectant and foliar feeding of plants with micronutrient fertilizer Trazex at the ІХ stage of organogenesis was carried out. Mathematical models have been developed that confirm the close relationship between the level of height indicators and the aboveground mass of white lupine plants with weather conditions, the critical periods of their influence in the ontogenesis of plants were also determined.

scholarly journals THE CORRECTIVE EFFECT OF CAROTENEPRODUCED YEAST PHAFFIA RHODOZYMA BIOMASS ON INTESTINAL MICROBIOCENOSIS FORMATION OF DUCKS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
M. V. Kaminska ◽  
О. М. Stefanyshyn ◽  
A. V. Guntchak
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Phaffia Rhodozyma ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Intestinal Microbiocenosis

The changes the of intestinal microflora composition of Beijing broiler ducks at introduction of caroteneproduced yeast Phaffia rhodozyma biomass to the diet was studied. The positive changes of 37-days ducks intestinal microflora were revealed after two weeks of yeast P. rhodozyma biomasses application in 6- day-old birds’ diet (1 % of the weight of feed). It was a decrease of the E. coli total number and pathogenic staphylococci strains, the absence of Enterobacteriaceae (lac–) strains against the high number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. The E. coli total number reduced by 10 times at the expense of E. coli (lac±)-strains compared to 37-day birds three weeks after the experiment. The staphylococcus non-pathogenic strains number in 58-days ducks experimental group caecum contents reduced compared to 37-day birds three weeks after the experiment. Thus, the using of caroteneproduced yeast P. rhodozyma biomass in poultry diets helps to prevent violations of intestinal microflora and occurrence dysbiosis at critical periods of growth and development.

scholarly journals BREAST MILK AFFECTS CHILD MORBIDITY STATUS: AN UNEXPLORED EVIDENCE FROM AYURVEDA

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Vinay Sharma ◽  
Nisha Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Gut Development ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Child Morbidity ◽  
Functional Factors ◽  
Wet Nurse

Breast milk is the main diet of infants as it provides all the nutrients for normal growth and development of a baby from the time of birth to the first 6 months of life. This dynamic fluid provides a diverse array of bioactive substances to the developing infant during critical periods of brain, immune system and gut development. In Ayurveda though breast milk is vital for children and infants but it may be vitiated with Dosha (regulatory functional factors of the body) due to the faulty lifestyle of the Dhatri (wet-nurse or mother) which may lead to various type of morbidities in child according to predominance of Dosha. Ancient Ayurveda scholars have also mentioned effect of breast milk according to taste and texture along with management of morbidities caused by these predominance’s of Dosha. Ayurveda have stressed very much on this aspect and have given a detailed account of abnormalities of breast milk and their consequences. Knowledge of this fact is of key significance for the proper growth and development of a child. Therefore, evidences from Ayurveda have been compiled in this article to understand the effect of breast milk on child morbidity status.

scholarly journals Childhood growth and development and DNA methylation age in mid-life

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Maddock ◽  
Juan Castillo-Fernandez ◽  
Andrew Wong ◽  
George B. Ploubidis ◽  
Diana Kuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Age At Menarche

Abstract Background In the first study of its kind, we examine the association between growth and development in early life and DNAm age biomarkers in mid-life. Methods Participants were from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (n = 1376). Four DNAm age acceleration (AgeAccel) biomarkers were measured when participants were aged 53 years: AgeAccelHannum; AgeAccelHorvath; AgeAccelLevine; and AgeAccelGrim. Exposure variables included: relative weight gain (standardised residuals from models of current weight z-score on current height, and previous weight and height z-scores); and linear growth (standardised residuals from models of current height z-score on previous height and weight z-scores) during infancy (0–2 years, weight gain only), early childhood (2–4 years), middle childhood (4–7 years) and late childhood to adolescence (7–15 years); age at menarche; and pubertal stage for men at 14–15 years. The relationship between relative weight gain and linear growth and AgeAccel was investigated using conditional growth models. We replicated analyses from the late childhood to adolescence period and pubertal timing among 240 participants from The National Child and Development Study (NCDS). Results A 1SD increase in relative weight gain in late childhood to adolescence was associated with 0.50 years (95% CI 0.20, 0.79) higher AgeAccelGrim. Although the CI includes the null, the estimate was similar in NCDS [0.57 years (95% CI − 0.01, 1.16)] There was no strong evidence that relative weight gain and linear growth in childhood was associated with any other AgeAccel biomarker. There was no relationship between pubertal timing in men and AgeAccel biomarkers. Women who reached menarche ≥ 12 years had 1.20 years (95% CI 0.15, 2.24) higher AgeAccelGrim on average than women who reached menarche < 12 years; however, this was not replicated in NCDS and was not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. Conclusions Our findings generally do not support an association between growth and AgeAccel biomarkers in mid-life. However, we found rapid weight gain during pubertal development, previously related to higher cardiovascular disease risk, to be associated with older AgeAccelGrim. Given this is an exploratory study, this finding requires replication.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document