scholarly journals The seed production and sowing seed quality of Betula pendula Roth. in the Kryvyi Rih plantations

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Petrushkevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Sowing Seed

We investigated the seed production and sowing seed quality from eight plantations of Betula pendula Roth., which are subject to the negative influence of exhaust gases of motor vehicles and emissions from industrial enterprises in Kryvyi Rih. In seven plantations, we revealed such changes in some morphometric parameters of female catkins: decreasing length of the petiole to 21.4 % (to 1.3 times), and the length of the catkin to 10.8 % (to 1.1 times), as well as the width of the catkin to 33.3 % (to 1,5 times); increasing of the quantity of seeds in catkins to 43.5 % (to 1.4 times) compared to the control, except the plantings near "ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih", where the quantity of seeds was 21.1 % lower than in the botanical garden; increasing quantity of scales in all sites to 32.0 % (to 1.3 times); reducing percentage of pure seeds to 2.7 %; declining weight of 1000 seeds up to 20,3 % (to 1,3 times), and seed adequacy to 60 % (to 2.5 times); lowering germinative energy up to 92.9 % (to 14 times), and seed germination to 94.4 % (to 17.7 times). All these changes are due to increasing level of technogenic pollution. We ascertained that additional effect is caused by geographical location of plants and climatic factor. The seed adequacy, germinative energy, and seed germination are most sensitive indicators, which can be used for the environmental assessment.

scholarly journals BIOLOGY OF SEEDS OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GENUS HYDRANGEA L. IN THE SOUTH URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN (UFA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
F. K. Murzabulatova ◽  
◽  
N. V. Polyakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
The South ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Germination Energy

The morphology and sowing qualities of 7 types of hydrangea from the collection of the South Ural Bo-tanical Garden-Institute of the UFIC RAS were studied. The studies were carried out according to stand-ard methods. Is determined the mass of 1000 pieces seeds of each species, seed quality (germination en-ergy and germination in laboratory and soil conditions), the nature of seed germination, as well as their sowing qualities after different storage periods. It was found that the representatives of the Heteromallae subsection are characterized by heavier and larger seeds (the maximum weight of 1000 pieces of seeds is 0.06-0.09 g) compared with the representatives of the Americanae subsection (weight of 1000 pieces is 0.02 g). In addition, representatives of the Heteromallae subsection, with the exception of H. paniculata, showed consistently high rates of germination (72.3-85.8%) and germination energy (63.3-78.1%) under laboratory conditions; with soil sowing, these indicators are also significantly higher than that of repre-sentatives of the Americanae subsection.

scholarly journals Specifics of soybean seed production and processing in 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Miladin Kostić ◽  
Vojin Đukić ◽  
Aleksandar Ilić ◽  
Danka Dujović ◽  
Velimir Lončarević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
The One ◽  
Very High

The soybean harvest in 2019 began at the end of August. The quality of the natural seed was very high. The moisture content of the harvested seeds ranged from 7.1 % to 14.1 %. Thanks to this humidity, there was no need to dry the seeds, which is very important given the fact that drying soybeans can reduce the quality. Seed germination ranged between 82 % and 96 %. It should be noted that 97 % of seeds were harvested with germination greater than 85 % while about 65 % of seeds had germination above 90 %. The weight of 1000 grains averaged about 160 g. Soybean seed processing started on time and without major problems. The purity of the processed seed was on average 99.4 %. Of the total amount of processed seeds, about 72 % of seeds had germination greater than 85 %. The achieved seed quality was better compared to the one in 2018.

Seed quality enhancement through seed priming inpigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok S. Sajjan ◽  
M. S. Dhanelappagol ◽  
R. B. Jolli
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Testing Laboratory ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
And Control

Experiment was conducted in the Seed Testing Laboratory during 2013 and 2014 at RARS, UAS Campus, Vijayapur, Karnataka State. The seeds were primed by soaking in different leaf extracts and chemical solution for one hour and then decanted the extracts and seeds were air dried under the shade to bring back to their original moisture content and used for seed quality studies. Seed germination was significantly influenced by age of the seeds and its interaction with botanicals and chemicals. Among the treatments, botanicals viz., Prosopis leaf extracts @ 2per cent recorded higher seed germination followed by Pongamia leaf extract @ 2per cent. Whereas, in chemicals higher germination was seen in KNO3@ 0.5 per cent but at par with CaCl2 .2H2O @ 2 per cent. Lower seed germination was obtained with water soaked and control. The present investigation indicate that, seed priming with 2.0 per cent Prosopis leaf extract for one hours soaking enhanced the seed and seedling quality characters, and hence it could be adopted as a pre-sowing seed priming treatment in pigeon pea.

Pollen limitation and its effect on seed germination

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry M. Baskin ◽  
Carol C. Baskin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Pollen Limitation ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Positive Zero ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Population Growth Models

AbstractIn nature, fruit and seed production in many plants have been shown to be pollen limited. Pollen limitation is demonstrated when open-pollinated plants that are hand-supplemented (Ps) with outcross pollen produce more fruits and/or seeds than open-pollinated controls that are not hand-pollinated (Po). There are three categories of results in such studies: Ps> Po, Ps= Poand Ps< Po, in which case pollen limitation indices are positive, zero and negative, respectively. In an index widely used to calculate pollen limitation, 1 – (Po/Ps), the bounds for Ps≥ Poare 0 to + 1, whereas the bounds for Ps< Poare 0 to –∞. The first aim of this review was to show how the pollen limitation index can be modified so that the bounds of Ps< Poare 0 and –1, whereupon the index gives equal weight to the best performer (Psor Po) and worst performer (Psor Po). In addition to seed quantity, pollen supplementation can affect seed quality, including germinability. Thus, our second aim was to summarize the results of studies that have also tested the effect of pollen limitation on seed germination. In short, the 30 case studies in 15 families, 16 genera and 18 species that we identified show that seed germination percentage increased, was not affected or decreased by pollen supplementation in 12, 11 and seven cases, respectively. The effect of pollen limitation on seed germination, which can be quite large, has not been considered in developing population growth models to determine the effect of pollen limitation on λ.

scholarly journals Effect of Tree Density on Seed Production and Dispersal of Birch (Betula pendula Roth and Betula pubescens Ehrhs)

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Zetian Liu ◽  
Matthew Evans
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Disturbed Areas ◽  
Seed Trap ◽  
Downy Birch

Silver and downy birch (Betula pendula Roth and B. pubescens Ehrhs) are pioneer species which play an important role in forest regeneration in disturbed areas. Knowledge of birch seed production and dispersal is key to making good predictions of the persistence and colonization of birch. Both processes can be affected by the density of trees in the neighbourhood. In this study, we studied the seed production and dispersal of birch trees in two plots in Wytham Woods, UK, in 2015, and investigated the potential effect of neighbourhood tree density. We applied inverse modelling to seed trap data, incorporating tree density around the source tree and on the seed path to estimate birch fecundity and the dispersal kernel of the seeds. We show that the pattern of dispersed seeds was best explained by a model that included an effect of tree density on seed dispersal. There was no strong evidence that conspecific or heterospecific tree density had an effect on birch fecundity in Wytham Woods. A birch with diameter at breast height (DBH) of 20 cm is estimated to have produced ~137,000 seeds in 2015. Mean dispersal distance in an open area is estimated to be 65 m but would be reduced to 38 m in a closed stand. Both the mean dispersal distance and the probability of long-distance dispersal of birch decreases in dense environments. Areas with higher tree density also would intercept more seeds. These results highlight the importance of considering tree density in the neighbourhood and in the overall landscape when predicting the colonization and recruitment of birch.

​Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Seed Priming: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Diya ◽  
R. Beena ◽  
V.G. Jayalekshmy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sowing Seed

Legumes being a major source of protein have a wide range of economic importance. But the major constraints in growing legumes are poor germination, seedling emergence, non uniform stand establishment and crop mortality leading to lower pulse productivity. Thus, pre-sowing seed treatments are critical parameters which attribute to efficient plant growth and high yield. Uniform seed germination, seedling growth and uniform establishment are the critical stages during the growth of crops. Seed priming is a very promising presowing treatment employed to improve seed germination, better crop establishment, enhance the seed quality and induces tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses in plants thereby providing a balanced healthy diet to the citizens. Priming is a cost effective and feasible strategy involving controlled hydration of seeds followed by drying to stimulate the pre-germinative metabolic activities to occur promoting rapid germination of seedlings, break dormancy and enhance crop yield. Enzymatic, metabolic and biochemical processes of the primed seeds attributes to rapid and uniform seedling emergence. Seed priming methods comprises of conventional methods including hydro priming, osmopriming, biopriming, chemical priming and the advanced methods including nano priming and priming with physical agents. In this review paper, the underlying physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects of priming in pulses were discussed.

scholarly journals Sеed productivity and quality of Picea abies and P. pungens in the Kriviy Rih plantations

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
E. R. Нuseіnova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Metallurgical Combine ◽  
Old Trees

Reproductive capability is considered as one of indicators of successful introduction; it helps to evaluate adaptation potential of plants, especially in techogenic conditions. The aim of our work is to research morphometric parameters of cones, profitability and seed quality of Рісеа аbies та P. pungens in the plantations with various levels of aerotechnogenic influence in conditions of an industrial city in the steppe zone of Ukraine. The objects of the studying were the cones of 30–40-year-old trees of P. аbies та P. pungens from eight different plantations situated along the whole city of Kryvyi Rih (126 km) and having various levels of technogenic pollution. We revealed that the maximal length of cone in two investigated species (108,4 and 88,7 mm respectively), width (28,6 and 24,7 mm); the highest seedling vigour (41,0 and 7,2 %), laboratory germination (54,2 and 20,6 %), seed mass (6,9 and 4,2 g), and length of germ (18,5 and 13,8 mm) are noted in the trees from Botanical Garden. The minimal values of all the same indices were ascertained for the trees growing near the metallurgical combine “ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih”: length of cones – 92,3 and 73,9 mm; width of cones – 26,2 and 22,4 mm; as well as the lowest seedling vigour (2,4 and 1,4 %); laboratory germination (5,0 and 2,0 %), seed mass (5,4 and 3,4 g), and length of germ (12,6 and 5,4 mm). The general seed quantity for a cone of P. аbies та P. pungens, in all the plantation types, varied from 203,9 to 217,2 seeds and from 198,6 to 204,3 ones respectively. The least part of fertile seeds (11,5–13,3 %), and the biggest part of sterile (56,5–58,7 %) and underdeveloped (29,8–30,1 %) ones were noted in the plants of P. pungens directly exposed to emissions of industrial enterprises; for the plants of P. abies the same indices were 20,2–22,5 %; 51,5–52,6 % та 26,0–27,2 % respectively. Therefore, increasing level of techogenic pollution by air pollutants, which is observed during some last years, oppresses the generative sphere of species of genus Рісеа in conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Improvement of Growth, Yield, Seed Production and Phytochemical Properties of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad by Foliar Application of Boron and Zinc

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2469
Author(s):  
Hasan Mumivand ◽  
Parisa Khanizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Morshedloo ◽  
Edyta Sierka ◽  
Krystyna Żuk-Gołaszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Distilled Water

Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad is a valuable and endemic medicinal plant. Boron and zinc are essential elements for the vegetative and reproductive growth of plants and have significant effects on yield, essential oil composition and the seed production of plants. To investigate the effects of the foliar application of zinc and boron on the growth, yield, seed production and phytochemical properties of S. khuzistanica, a study was conducted in a factorial experiment with three replicates in two consecutive years based on a randomized complete block design. The foliar application of boron (B) at three concentrations (control or distilled water, 0.4% and 0.8% as H3BO3) and zinc (Zn) at three concentrations (control or distilled water, 0.3% and 0.6% as ZnSO4) was carried out. Our results showed that the foliar application of B resulted in a significant increase in the fresh and dry weights of plants, the dry weight of stems, drug yield, seed yield, seed germination and 1000-seed weight. At the same time, the application of B resulted in a significant decrease in seed emptiness. The fresh and dry weights of plants, drug yield, seed yield, 1000-seed weight and seed germination were also significantly improved by Zn foliar spraying compared to the control. Application of 0.8% B resulted in a significant decrease in seed emptiness by 14.16% and 22.37%, as compared to the control. The foliar spraying of B and Zn improved the total phenolic content, the essential oil content and the yield and antioxidant activity of S. khuzistanica. Moreover, B application generally concentrated more carvacrol in the essential oil (in the first experimental year). In contrast, no significant differences were observed between Zn treatments in carvacrol content and total flavonoids. The use of several microelements, such as B and Zn, could improve both the quantity and quality of S. khuzistanica. Additionally, improvement of seed set and seed quality by the foliar spraying of Zn and B may be useful for growing plants in arid and semi-arid areas.

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