scholarly journals Identification of prospective sources of agronomically-valuable traits of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) among breeding lines in the condition of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
S.O. Kovalchuk ◽  
S.I. Voloschuk ◽  
N.A. Kozub
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Brown Rust ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Biochemical Compositions ◽  
Moderate Resistance

The aim of work was the estimation of valuable traits of bread wheat breeding lines, obtained from interspecies crosses with wild Aegilops and Triticum species growing in a condition of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. We used the seed proteins electrophoresis in PAAG for confirmation of the presence of rye seed storage components in the wheat parental lines genomes. The biochemical compositions of seeds had determined by the infrared spectroscopy method. As a result of researching from the set of 600 breeding lines were selected best lines with increased grain yield from 1 m2, with high protein content in grain, disease resistance, and winter hardiness significantly exceeded the standard variety Polesskaya-90. All lines have high and moderate resistance against diseases: Powdery Mildew, Brown Rust, Septoria Blotch. Based on obtained data had selected breeding lines, which were promising sources of single and complex agronomically valuable traits for bread wheat breeding and genetic researches.

Yielding capacity and adaptability of winter bread wheat breeding lines in environment of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (0) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
N. P. Zamlila ◽  
O. A. Demydov ◽  
H. B. Volohdina ◽  
S. I. Voloshchuk ◽  
O. V. Humeniuk
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Yielding Capacity ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat

scholarly journals Molecular Similarity Relationships Among Iranian Bread Wheat Cultivars and Breeding Lines Using ISSR Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza DARVISHZADEH ◽  
Iraj BERNOUSI
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Dice Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Information Index ◽  
High Level

Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to characterize and assess genetic diversity of Iranian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using 101 cultivars and breeding lines. Twenty-three ISSR primers amplified a total of 267 loci, of which 224 (83.9%) were polymorphic among the genotypes. The percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) for primers ranged from 54% (UBC808) to 100% (441, A12 and UBC820). The mean of expected heterozygosity (He) for the primers varied from 0.26 (UBC808, UBC827 and A14) to 0.48 (A12, 441). The PPL, He, Shannon’s information index (I), and number of effective alleles (Ne) for breeding lines were slightly higher than those of cultivars. The Dice similarity coefficient for the germplasm ranged from 0.76 (between two breeding lines) to 0.91 (between two breeding lines). The dendrogram grouped samples in four main clusters; most cultivars were placed into the same cluster close to each other with regard to their geographic origin. The genotypes in different groups might be used as potential parents in bread wheat breeding programs. Also, a high level of genetic similarity detected in this collection may demonstrate the narrow genetic base of Iranian wheat germplasm.

scholarly journals Understanding meiosis and the implications for crop improvement

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Able ◽  
Wayne Crismani ◽  
Scott A. Boden
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Plant Kingdom ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cereal Breeding ◽  
Beneficial Traits

Over the past 50 years, the understanding of meiosis has aged like a fine bottle of wine: the complexity is developing but the wine itself is still young. While emphasis in the plant kingdom has been placed on the model diploids Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) and rice (Orzya sativa L.), our research has mainly focussed on the polyploid, bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bread wheat is an important food source for nearly two-thirds of the world’s population. While creating new varieties can be achieved using existing or advanced breeding lines, we would also like to introduce beneficial traits from wild related species. However, expanding the use of non-adapted and wild germplasm in cereal breeding programs will depend on the ability to manipulate the cellular process of meiosis. Three important and tightly-regulated events that occur during early meiosis are chromosome pairing, synapsis and recombination. Which key genes control these events in meiosis (and how they do so) remains to be completely answered, particularly in crops such as wheat. Although the majority of published findings are from model organisms including yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, information from the plant kingdom has continued to grow in the past decade at a steady rate. It is with this new knowledge that we ask how meiosis will contribute to the future of cereal breeding. Indeed, how has it already shaped cereal breeding as we know it today?

A linked SNP marker to genotype Fr-B2 in wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
H. A. Eagles ◽  
J. Hyles ◽  
Jayne Wilson ◽  
Karen Cane ◽  
K. L. Forrest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Large Deletion ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Specific Pcr Assay

Fr-B2 is a complex locus on chromosome 5B that affects frost tolerance, days to heading, grain yield and probably other traits of commercial importance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). It interacts epistatically with other major genes, especially VRN1. There are two known alleles of Fr-B2: an intact, wild-type allele, and an allele with a large deletion. Published methods for identifying these alleles are slow and expensive, making the development of a high-throughput, co-dominant SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) marker highly desirable, especially for commercial wheat breeding. A diverse panel of cultivars and breeding lines was characterised for SNPs and alleles of Fr-B2. Four SNP markers co-segregated as a haplotype block with Fr-B2 across unrelated cultivars and related backcrosses differing for alleles of Fr-B2. A robust KASP (Kompetitive allele-specific PCR) assay was developed for one of the SNPs, KASP_IWB26333, which should facilitate the inclusion of Fr-B2 on genotyping platforms for breeding and research.

scholarly journals Estimation of grain productivity and biochemical indicators of the winter bread wheat varieties depending on the forecrop

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Оlesya Nekrasova ◽  
Nina Kravchenko ◽  
Dmitry Marchenko ◽  
Evgeny Nekrasov
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Study Results

The purpose of the study was to estimate the effect of sunflower and pea on the amount of productivity, protein and gluten percentage in grain. The objects of the study were 13 winter bread wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The study was carried out in 2018-2020 on the fields of the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production. The forecrops were peas and sunflower. The study results showed that the varieties ‘Volny Don’ (6.1 t / ha), ‘Krasa Dona’ (6.1 t / ha) and ‘Lidiya’ (6.0 t / ha), when sown after peas, gave the largest yields. The varieties ‘Volny Don’ (4.9 t / ha) and ‘Polina’ (4.8 t / ha) which were sown after sunflower, showed the best productivity. The analysis of qualitative indicators established that the maximum percentage of protein and gluten in grain was identified in the varieties ‘Podarok Krymu’ (16.3%; 28.3%) and ‘Volnitsa’ (16.1%; 28.5%), which were sown after peas; and the same varieties showed good results (‘Podarok Krymu’ (16.2%; 27.4%) and ‘Volnitsa’ (15.7%; 27.8%)), when sown after sunflower.

scholarly journals Increased Predictive Accuracy of Multi-Environment Genomic Prediction Model for Yield and Related Traits in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin Tomar ◽  
Daljit Singh ◽  
Guriqbal Singh Dhillon ◽  
Yong Suk Chung ◽  
Jesse Poland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
The Impact

Genomic selection (GS) has the potential to improve the selection gain for complex traits in crop breeding programs from resource-poor countries. The GS model performance in multi-environment (ME) trials was assessed for 141 advanced breeding lines under four field environments via cross-predictions. We compared prediction accuracy (PA) of two GS models with or without accounting for the environmental variation on four quantitative traits of significant importance, i.e., grain yield (GRYLD), thousand-grain weight, days to heading, and days to maturity, under North and Central Indian conditions. For each trait, we generated PA using the following two different ME cross-validation (CV) schemes representing actual breeding scenarios: (1) predicting untested lines in tested environments through the ME model (ME_CV1) and (2) predicting tested lines in untested environments through the ME model (ME_CV2). The ME predictions were compared with the baseline single-environment (SE) GS model (SE_CV1) representing a breeding scenario, where relationships and interactions are not leveraged across environments. Our results suggested that the ME models provide a clear advantage over SE models in terms of robust trait predictions. Both ME models provided 2–3 times higher prediction accuracies for all four traits across the four tested environments, highlighting the importance of accounting environmental variance in GS models. While the improvement in PA from SE to ME models was significant, the CV1 and CV2 schemes did not show any clear differences within ME, indicating the ME model was able to predict the untested environments and lines equally well. Overall, our results provide an important insight into the impact of environmental variation on GS in smaller breeding programs where these programs can potentially increase the rate of genetic gain by leveraging the ME wheat breeding trials.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of gliadin-coding alleles in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from Northern Kazakhstan

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maral Utebayev ◽  
Svetlana Dashkevich ◽  
Nina Bome ◽  
Kulpash Bulatova ◽  
Yuri Shavrukov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Northern Kazakhstan

Background Spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) represents the main cereal crop in Northern Kazakhstan. The quality of wheat grain and flour strongly depends on the structure of gluten, comprised of gliadin and glutenin proteins. Electrophoresis spectra of gliadins are not altered by environmental conditions or plant growth, are easily reproducible and very useful for wheat germplasm identification in addition to DNA markers. Genetic polymorphism of two Gli loci encoding gliadins can be used for selection of preferable genotypes of wheat with high grain quality. Methods Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to analyse genetic diversity of gliadins in a germplasm collection of spring bread wheat from Northern Kazakhstan. Results The highest frequencies of gliadin alleles were found as follows, in Gli1: -A1f (39.3%), -B1e (71.9%), and -D1a (41.0%); and in Gli-2: -A2q (17.8%), -B2t (13.5%), and -D2q (20.4%). The combination of these alleles in a single genotype may be associated with higher quality of grain as well as better adaptation to the dry environment of Northern Kazakhstan; preferable for wheat breeding in locations with similar conditions.

scholarly journals Identification of PCH1 Eyespot Resistance Gene in the Collection of Wheat Lines (Triticum Aestivum L.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Kwiatek ◽  
Katarzyna Pankiewicz ◽  
Halina Wiśniewska ◽  
Marek Korbas ◽  
Jakub Danielewicz
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Sts Marker ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Eyespot Resistance ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Wheat Lines

Identification of PCH1 Eyespot Resistance Gene in the Collection of Wheat Lines (Triticum AestivumL.)Endopeptidase markerEpD1band STS markerXustSSR2001-7DLare closely linked to very effective eyespot resistance genePch1. Because of this, the aim of this study was to compare the results obtained under lab conditions using such markers with the results obtained under field conditions. 134 wheat breeding lines andTriticum aestivumL. var. Randevous used as a eyespot resistance control were analized. The combination of three methods allowed to select eight completely resistant or high resistant lines, that could be used in following breeding processes. Results obtained using endopeptidase and STS markers in 100% correlate with the phenotyping scoring.

Multiplexed PCR to screen for a major QTL carrying fusarium head blight resistance in Sumai-3 wheat

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Matus-Cádiz ◽  
C. J. Pozniak ◽  
G. R. Hughes ◽  
P. Hucl
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight Resistance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Multiplexed Pcr ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Advanced Generation ◽  
Sumai 3

After the initial identification of microsatellites linked to economically important traits of interest, the additional investment to simplify the screening procedure for more routine use is of interest to plant breeders. The objective was to simplify an acrylamide gel based marker-assisted selection (MAS) method to facilitate high-through put screening for Qfhs.ndsu-3BS, a major quantitative trait locus carrying fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance in Sumai-3 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Method simplifications included incorporating the use of (1) 96-well DNA extractions, (2) multiplexed PCR reactions using microsatellite primers gwm493 and gwm533, and (3) agarose gels. Our modified FHB-MAS method was verified by screening six resistant (Sumai-3, ND2710, McVey, BacUp, HY644, and Alsen) and 52 susceptible parents and subsequently used to screen 5567 common wheat breeding lines developed from Sumai-3 derivatives. This simple and rapid method allows for the screening of 1000 lines per week, which can be used to skew segregating populations towards more resistant types and thereby advance primarily early and advanced generation lines that carry at least the major FHB QTL. Key words: PCR, Fusarium, microsatellites, gwm493, gwm533, Triticum

Resistance-related metabolites in wheat against Fusarium graminearum and the virulence factor deoxynivalenol (DON)

Botany ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 1168-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Paranidharan ◽  
Y. Abu-Nada ◽  
H. Hamzehzarghani ◽  
A. C. Kushalappa ◽  
O. Mamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Antimicrobial Metabolites

Inoculation with the virulence factor deoxynivalenol (DON) can induce disease symptoms in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) spikelets, even though it is not needed for the initial invasion by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, thus the mechanism of plant defense against both the pathogen and DON, was investigated. Wheat cultivars that are resistant (‘Sumai3’) or susceptible (‘Roblin’) to fusarium head blight (FHB) were inoculated with F. graminearum, DON, or water. Inoculated spikelets were harvested 48 h after inoculation, the metabolites were extracted in methanol–water and chloroform, then derivatized and analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. The metabolite peaks were deconvoluted and identified by manually matching the mass spectra with those in the NIST and GMD libraries. The peaks were aligned, and abundances were measured. A total of 117 metabolites were tentatively identified, including several antimicrobial metabolites and signal molecules or their precursors. Out of these 117 metabolites, 15 and 18 were identified as possible resistance-related (RR) metabolites, following F. graminearum (RRIF) and DON (RRID) inoculations, respectively, with 4 metabolites common to both. Canonical discriminant analysis of marginally significant metabolites (105) identified those with constitutive and induced resistance functions. The metabolites with high canonical loading to the canonical vectors were used to explain these functions. The putative roles of these RR metabolites in plant defense, their metabolic pathways, and their potential application for screening of wheat breeding lines for resistance to FHB are discussed.

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