scholarly journals Iodent Germplasm Source Material Selection in Development of Maize Hybrids for the Steppe Zone of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
B. V. Dziubetskyi ◽  
V. Yu. Cherchel ◽  
O. V. Abelmasov ◽  
V. V. Semenova ◽  
M. M. Tagantsova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Early Maturity

The aim of the study: Evaluation of sister hybrids obtained on the basis of early maturity Iodent germplasm inbred lines (FAO 180-250) as a source material for the development of new inbred lines and evaluation of this material’s main breeding qualities as well as of level of hypothetical heterosis in sister crosses and their polymorphism as an integral part of the breeding cycle. Methods: Field method, mathematical-statistical method. Results: The studies investigated sister hybrids obtained by crossing of 8 precocious Iodent germplasm inbred lines, their combining ability for “grain yield” trait and determined whether they can be used as a source material for the synthesis of new homozygous inbred lines. The results of the evaluation of sister hybrids and their testcrosses on the basic economically valuable traits are presented. According to research results in 2013-2015, it was found that sister hybrids with the least variable grain yields by years of research were obtained from the crossing of DK1274 and DK237 inbred lines. The calculations of the correlation coefficients between hypothetical heterosis and genetic distances revealed no significant correlation between them (r=0.118-0.359) as well as between the yield of sister hybrids and genetic distances (r=0.167-0.351). It was found that the least variable indicators of grain yield for the years of research were noted in sister hybrids obtained on the basis of source inbred lines with the most stable manifestation of this indicator (r=0.714). Sister hybrids were noted, which had effects of general combining ability at class 2, regardless of study conditions (DK216 × DK213, DK237 × DK1274, DK714/195 × DK216), indicating the stability of genotype response to growing conditions. Conclusion: The evaluation of 8 precocious constant Iodent germplasm inbred lines on breeding traits revealed the best of them (DK555 and DK1274) in combining ability compared to the DK744 control inbred line. Significant influence of the conditions of research years on all the traits studied was noted. The study of sister hybrids has revealed forms with a significant manifestation of hypothetical heterosis. It was the highest on average in crosses of inbred lines DK234 (137.0%), DK714/195 (122.7%) and DK216 (101.1%), and the smallest in hybrids with inbred lines DK555 (58.5%), DK1274 (65.8%) and DK744 (75.0%). Sister combinations with DK1274 and DK237 inbred lines were characterized by the highest yield stability over the years of study. In determining genetic distances, the most genetically similar inbred lines DK744 (0.136) and DK234 (0.197) to inbred line 207 (P165), which is the classic representative of the Iodent germplasm, are noted.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Heterotic Orientation of South Africa Maize Inbred Lines Towards Tropical and Temperate Testers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siphiwokuhle Funani Shandu ◽  
John Derera ◽  
Kingston Mashingaidze ◽  
Edmore Gasura
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Abstract An efficient hybrid breeding program defines and utilizes few heterotic groups. The objectives of this study were to determine genetic diversity and alignment of South Africa maize inbred lines collection towards tropical and temperate testers. Forty-two maize inbred lines were genotyped with 56110 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DNA markers, using the Illumina MaizeSNP50 Bead chip. The 42 lines were crossed to two tropical and two temperate inbred line testers. The testcrosses were evaluated across seven environments, in South Africa, during 2014-2016. Genotypes and specific combining ability (SCA) effects of hybrids were significantly different (P<0.05) for grain yield. There was a weak correlation between molecular genetic distances and both grain yield mean and specific combining ability effects of hybrids, indicating that productivity of maize inbred lines could not be reliably determined based on molecular genetic distances. The SCA data was capable of classifying these maize inbred lines into three heterotic groups with respect to both tropical and temperate testers. Only a few lines could not be grouped on the basis of SCA data. The study also indicated high level of diversity among the maize inbred lines, which was shown by both the dendogram and molecular genetic distances. The SNP marker data classified the inbred lines into 11 clusters that could be simplified into three major groups of normal maize endosperm and two groups of quality protein maize (QPM) endosperm types. However, the SNP data indicated that maize lines were more aligned towards tropical than temperate inbred testers. This information would be useful for simplifying heterotic classification of the lines with profound implications for breeding progress.

scholarly journals Short communication: Heterosis and combining ability of Nepalese yellow maize (Zea mays L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR Gautam ◽  
BR Ojha ◽  
SK Ghimire ◽  
DB Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Nepalese yellow maize inbred lines were characterized for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of their crosses and parents were identified having high combining ability for determining the heterotic effects on yield and other quantitative traits of hybrids. A line x tester mating design was used for making the crosses in the winter season of 2008 and the hybrids along with their parents and four checks were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in the spring season of 2009 at the experimental farm of the National Maize Research Program, Chitwan. Significant variations were found among the treatments for grain yield and other traits which indicated presence of high magnitude of genetic variations among tested inbred lines. The cross between RML-32 and RML-17 produced the highest grain yield (15870 kg/ha) among the crosses. Hybrids such as RL-194 x RL-84 (10770 kg/ha), RML-21 x RML-17 (9270 kg/ha), RL-180 x RML-17 (9270 kg/ha) and L-1 x RL-84 (8785 kg/ha) were found superior grain yielder. Thirty-nine hybrids showed positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield among 40 crosses. The highest positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield was found 880% in cross between RML-32 and RML-17, followed by RL-98X RML-17 (507%), RL-103 x RML-17 (403%), PUTU-18 x RML- 17 (351%) and RL-180 x RL 84 (316%). Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 3. 2013, Page 172-180 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v3i0.9020

scholarly journals Stability Assessment of Single-Cross Maize Hybrids Using GGE-Biplot Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
L. Musundire ◽  
J. Derera ◽  
S. Dari ◽  
A. Lagat ◽  
P. Tongoona
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
South African ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Ideal Genotype ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Grain yield potential of new maize hybrid varieties across target environments contributes to the uptake of these varieties by farmers. Evaluation of single-cross hybrids developed from test crossing introgressed inbred lines bred for three distinct environments to elite tropical inbred line testers was carried out. The study&rsquo;s objective was to assess grain yield stability and genotype adaptability of the single-cross hybrids across South African environments relative to adapted commercial hybrid checks. One hundred and twenty-two introgressed inbred lines developed using the pedigree breeding program were crossed to four tropical elite inbred line testers using line &times; tester mating design to obtain 488 experimental single cross hybrids. Subject to availability of adequate seed for evaluation, a panel of 444 experimental single-cross hybrids was evaluated using an augmented design in two experiments defined as Population A and B for the study&rsquo;s convenience in South African environments. Data for grain yield (t/ha) performance for experimental single-cross hybrids and commercial check hybrids in Population A and B across environments and individual environments identified experimental single-cross hybrids that had significant comparable grain yield (t/ha) performance relative to best commercial check hybrid (PAN6Q445B) on the market. The selected experimental single-cross hybrids 225, 89, 246 and 43 (Population A) and 112 (Population B) also had a better average rank position for grain yield (t/ha) relative to best commercial check hybrid. These selected experimental single-cross hybrids had a grain yield (t/ha) advantage range of 0.9-6.7% for Population A and 7.3% for Population A and B, respectively, relative to the adapted commercial check hybrid. GGE biplot patterns for which won-where for Population A indicated that at Potchefstroom Research Station and Ukulinga Research Station experimental single-cross hybrids 127 and135 were the vertex (winning) hybrids. Cedera Research Station did not have a vertex hybrid for Population A. For Population B, experimental single-cross hybrids 112, 117 and 18 were the vertex hybrids at Cedera Research Station, Ukulinga Research Station and Potchefstroom Research Station, respectively. Experimental single-cross hybrid 257 was identified as ideal genotype for Population A, while experimental single-cross hybrid 121 in Population B was the ideal genotype. Ideal environments were also identified as Ukulinga Research Station for Population A, and Cedera Research Station for Population B. Average-environment coordination (AEC) view of the GGE biplot in Population A indicated that experimental single-cross hybrids 1 was highly stable across environments. In comparison, Population B experimental single-cross hybrid 161 was highly stable across environments. In conclusion, selected single-cross hybrids in the current study can also be advanced for further evaluation with a possibility for identifying high yielding and stable single-cross hybrids for variety registration and release in target environments in South Africa.

ASSESSING THE COMBINING ABILITY OF RICE GENOTYPES IN F1 GENERATION USING COMPLETE DIALLEL CROSS

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
I. A. Odhano ◽  
H. B. Bozdar ◽  
M. A. Sial
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Short Stature ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Days To Heading

A complete diallel analysis was carried out to determine combining ability of Shandar, NIA-Mehran, NIA-19/A, KS-282 and Shua-92 rice varieties in F1 during 2017. The objective of the study was to identify potential recombinants for future rice breeding program. The research was conducted at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tandojam. Genotypic mean squares were significant (P ?0.01) for all of the traits i.e.; days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers plant-1, panicle length, grains panicle-1 and grain yield plant-1 indicating genetic variation. Importance of both additive and non-additive gene action was found with preponderance of additive genetic effects in expression of traits studied. Showing negative GCA effects, NIA-Mehran, NIA-19/A and Shua-92 proved better parent varieties for developing early maturity. While, NIA-Mehran, KS-282 and Shua-92 for developing short stature genotypes. While, Shandar remained the best combiner for yield and yield associated traits with higher positive GCA effects. Cross combination of Shandar × KS-282 was the best with higher negative effects for days to heading and maturity and higher positive effects for grain yield plant-1. NIA-Mehran × Shua-92 gave the highest negative SCA effects indicating best combination for short stature. In case of number of tillers plant-1 and grains panicle-1, the cross NIA-19/A × KS-282 was the better combination with the highest positive SCA effects. Shandar × NIA-Mehran manifested the highest value for panicle length. Findings of reciprocal SCA  revealed that the reciprocal cross combination of Shua-92 × Shandar was fruitful illustrating negative effects for days to heading and maturity. While, KS-282 × NIA-Mehran was the best reciprocal combination for yield and yield associated traits. It is concluded that rice varieties Shandar and NIA-Mehran could be used to improve yield contributing traits in rice, while, NIA-Mehran and KS-282 may be used to improve early maturity and short stature in rice crop.

Combining Ability, Genetic Distances, and Heterosis among Elite CIMMYT and IITA Tropical Maize Inbred Lines

Crop Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1201-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanda Dhliwayo ◽  
Kevin Pixley ◽  
Abebe Menkir ◽  
Marilyn Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Heterosis and combining ability for grain yield and its components in selected maize inbred lines

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Gissa ◽  
H. Zelleke ◽  
M. T. Labuschagne ◽  
T. Hussien ◽  
H. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

scholarly journals Evaluation of inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) through line × tester method

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683
Author(s):  
MN Amin ◽  
M Amiruzzaman ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
MR Ali
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range

Maize inbred lines were evaluated by using line × tester method involving 11 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components through estimation of general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. The crosses with high sca effect for grain yield were evolved from high × low general combiner parents which reveled additive × dominance type of gene action. The cross combinations 9MS4-1 × L22, 9MS4-1 × L486, 9MS4-2 × L431, 9MS4-11 × L486 and 9MS4- 15 × L431 with high positive sca effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22547 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 675-683, December 2014

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