scholarly journals Research of the Pinus sylvestris pollen as a method of assessing the degree of air pollution

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
G. I. Nenasheva ◽  
N. B. Maksimova ◽  
G. G. Morkovkin ◽  
M. S. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
The State ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City

<p>As a result of exposure to plants of various factors associated with anthropogenesis, a huge amount of pollen grains with altered morphological structures and biochemical properties is produced, which affects its fertility and the normal functioning of phytocoenoses. In the present work, using the example of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. growing on the territory of the city of Barnaul as a model object, the possibility of using the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pollen of plants depending on the state of the bioindication of the state of the environment (primarily atmospheric air) is substantiated. The data used for the analysis were obtained during the six seasons of flowering of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> (May–June 2010–2015) in six permanent and nine additional observation points in the city of Barnaul located in the territory with a tense and critical ecological state of the landscapes. An analysis of the quality of the pollen was carried out by selecting it directly from the anthers during the active dusting period. As a control, pollen samples collected in the countryside of the Barnaul pine forest belt, which is an isolated and remote vegetation site relative to the industrial zone of Barnaul and large motor roads, were used. As a result of the research, it was found that the points with the highest pollen sterility and teratomorphic grain areas in the zone of very unfavorable ecological situation, which correspond to the areas of the greatest air pollution. More negative impact is shown in the territories located in an accessible proximity to motorways and parking lots. The proportion of sterile and teratomorphic pollen grains at such points is much higher than the reference values, which indicates a large share of the negative impact of emissions of mobile sources of atmospheric air pollution (vehicles) on the change in the morphological, biological and physical characteristics of Scotch pine pollen. Thus, palynoindication analysis can be one of the methods of bioindication of the state of the environment (primarily atmospheric air), as the most accessible and effective method of research and monitoring.</p>

BIOINDICATION OF THE AIR ENVIRONMENT OF THE CITY OF OMSK ACCORDING TO A STUDY OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
L. P. IVASHCHENKO ◽  
◽  
V. P. IVASHCHENKO ◽  
M. V. KUBAREVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The City

The problem of air pollution of the city is still relevant today. A significant increase of emissions of pollutants from the activities of industrial plants, road transport has a negative impact on the quality of atmospheric air and the environment as a whole, the health of the population. The main objective of this research is to assessment of the state of the air environment, by studying of pinus sylvestris needles, growing on the territory of the city of Omsk. For research of the state of the atmospheric air were chosen 5 key sections in the city of Omsk, where we selected samples of needles. It was found, that the severity of damage and drying of needles is uneven on all key sections, depends on the level of air pollution. An assessment of the state of the air environment was carried out, which showed, that on the territory of the Soviet park and ave. of the Culture (sections 1 and 2, respectively) relatively clean air "norm" was established, according to the third level of pollution. Cathedral square and st. Irtyshskaya embankment (sections 3 and 5, respectively) are characterized by dirty air «harmful», according to the sixth level of pollution.

scholarly journals Bioindication of atmospheric air quality based on the condition of Pinus sylvestris l. Needles in the conditions of the city of Orsk, Orenburg region

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
The City ◽  
Industrial Center

The article presents the results of a bioindication study of atmospheric air pollution on the condition of pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.) on the example of the city of Orsk, Orenburg region. The city of Orsk is a major industrial center of the Southern Urals. The research was carried out on 6 sites located within the city with different anthropogenic loads. The research method is based on the direct dependence of damage to Pinus sylvestris L. needles (necrosis and desiccation) on the level of atmospheric air pollution. Analyzed the morphological characteristics of the needles of Pinus sylvestris L. in the studied areas. The result of the study is an assessment of the state of atmospheric air. Keywords: BIOINDICATION, SCOTS PINE, NEEDLES, AIR POLLUTION, ORSK CITY, ORENBURG REGION

scholarly journals The synoptic conditions of air pollution in Temirtau

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-101
Author(s):  
Azhar Bauyrzhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
Synoptic Conditions ◽  
Transboundary Transport ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
The City

The article examines the state of air pollution in Temirtau, Karaganda region, and the dynamics of the air pollution index (API). The API is calculated based on the 5 main pollutants in the city, namely suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, phenol and ammonia. The article describes the synoptic conditions of atmospheric air pollution in Temirtau, that is, the influence of baric structures, such as cyclones and anticyclones, troughs and ridges, on the maximum permissible concentration of harmful substances and their time in the city air. The meteorological quantity such as the wind contributing to the transport of pollutants is also considered, and a frequency diagram of the wind direction is presented in order to consider the transboundary transport of harmful substances from other regions. The materials of the article used maps of a certain period of time, such as baric topographic maps and terrestrial synoptic maps, and their analysis was carried out. Based on the results of the analysis of maps of a certain period, the article describes the conditions for the occurrence of synoptic processes favorable for the accumulation of large concentrations of harmful substances in the city. The topic under consideration will be interesting to specialists in the field of natural science, politicians and public figures who pay attention to the ecology of our country, in particular to the ecological system of cities with a large industrial complex, such as Temirtau, and to urgent global environmental problems affecting to the state of atmospheric air quality.

scholarly journals Rapid assessment of the state of atmospheric air by bioindication of dendroforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Maria Kosovskaya ◽  
Natalia Lyamina
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City

In the urban environment, the main sources of pollutants entering the atmosphere are industrial enterprises and vehicles, which leads to a significant change in the composition of the air. Various monitoring methods are used to analyze the state of the atmospheric air. On their basis, methods have been developed to monitor the state of the natural environment of the technosphere. Most often, gas analyzers and various chemical methods for determining aerosol pollution are used. The creation of a methodology that makes it possible to quickly and efficiently assess the state of the environment is urgent. The described method of rapid assessment of the state of atmospheric air by bioindication and biotesting of dendroforms makes it possible not only to quickly and qualitatively assess the quality of atmospheric air, but also to take appropriate environmental measures in a timely manner. The developed rapid assessment includes several stages of the assessment of the objects under study, carried out depending on the goals of the study. To test the methodology, the objects of the study were the most anthropogenically loaded public green spaces (PGS) - public gardens of Sevastopol, located in different administrative districts of the city. The obtained results showed the possibility of using the developed methodology both in stages and in a complex manner.

scholarly journals COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Klepikov ◽  
S. A. Samoylov ◽  
I. B. Ushakov ◽  
V. I. Popov ◽  
S. A. Kurolap
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Road Noise ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City

The aim of the study was a comprehensive analysis of the state of the environment in the industrialized city of Voronezh to justify measures to protect the environment and prevent the morbidity of the population. Material and methods. The study uses materials from the regional information fund for social and hygienic monitoring, which is implemented on the basis of the Federal State Health Care Institution “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region” under the “Environment” section for the last 5 years. The methods of the comprehensive assessment of anthropogenic load on the environment and methods for assessing the health risks of the population due to environmental factors are applied. Results. The anthropogenic load on the environment has been established to be significantly higher in the territories with the predominant negative influence of the industrial sector (Coefficient of complex anthropogenic load (CL = 13.29)) and motor traffic loads (CL = 14.65) relative to the relatively prosperous territory (CL = 7.97). Among the analyzed factors (air pollution, drinking water quality, soil contamination in the residential area, road noise), the leading contribution of the aerotechnogenic factor to the formation of the level of anthropogenic load in the urban area (58.1-58.5%) was determined on the basis of a comprehensive hygienic assessment. An assessment of the health risks of the population showed the priority of the adverse impact of air pollution and road noise on the city residents. According to the degree of carcinogenic danger, the most unfavorable situation is observed in the industrial area near the aircraft plant and the plant for the production of synthetic rubber, where high levels of total individual carcinogenic risk (chrome+6, soot, acrolein, formaldehyde), more than 1∙10-4, less than 1∙10-3, which is classified as a hazardous risk. The unacceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (HQ>1) in the industrial area is exceeded by 4 out of 14 controlled substances: acrolein, nitric oxide, copper oxide, chromium+6. When assessing the unidirectional effects of substances, an unacceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (HI>1) was found to be characteristic for the development of the pathology if respiratory, cardiovascular, hemopoietic (blood) and endocrine system. The risk of disrupting the health of the urban population at existing levels of noise from road transport exceeds acceptable values. The highest risk indices for health from the effects of transport noise are characteristic for diseases of the cardiovascular system. As the age (probable duration of the exposure time) increases from 10 to 35 years, the risk level is estimated as average (the risk ranges from 0.051 to 0.342 units), from 40 to 45 years - as high (from 0.352 to 0.591), from 50 to 70 years - as extreme (from 0.607 to 1). The identified problems must be solved in the context of the overall development of the city.

scholarly journals The State of Air Pollution as a Factor Determining the Assessment of a City’s Tourist Attractiveness—Based on the Opinions of Polish Respondents

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Łapko ◽  
Aleksander Panasiuk ◽  
Roma Strulak-Wójcikiewicz ◽  
Marek Landowski
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
The State ◽  
City Tourism ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Cities are multifunctional by definition, and an increasingly significant function is the tourist function. City tourism is one of the most dynamically developing forms of tourism. Tourists’ decisions regarding choosing a destination are influenced by a number of factors determining the subjective assessment of the tourist attractiveness of a given city, and one of them may be the state of air pollution, as it can have a negative impact on the health of both city dwellers and tourists. This article is an attempt to determine whether potential tourists consider information about the level of a city’s air quality in the assessment of its tourist attractiveness and the impact of this information on their travel decisions. The article presents the results of surveys conducted among a group of 509 respondents from Poland. On this basis, an assessment was made of the extent to which information on the condition of air quality in a given city is relevant for persons planning a tourist trip. In the conducted research, decisions regarding both business and private trips were evaluated. In addition, information on factors that could increase the respondents’ interest in the condition of air quality in the city of the intended trip (e.g., trip with children, trip length) was collected. Due to the fact that tourism is a significant source of income for many cities, the research results presented in the article may be of significant importance for entities creating the urban tourist product and responsible for its management. The article also draws attention to the fact that reducing pollution in cities can contribute to increases in their tourist attractiveness.

scholarly journals Сarcinogenic substances in the atmospheric air of Dnipro city and risk to the population

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
A.M. Serdiuk ◽  
I.O. Chernychenko ◽  
O.M. Lytvychenko ◽  
V.F. Babii ◽  
O.Ye. Kondratenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The State ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Industrial Center

The objective – to study the dynamic changes for the health risk of the population of the industrial center in accordance with the state of atmospheric air pollution with carcinogenic compounds. The assessment of the state of atmospheric air pollution was carried out by us based on the results of physicochemical analysis of samples taken in places attached to the locations of stationary posts of state monitoring. The concentration of identified substances was determined by conventional methods: spectral-luminescent and gas chromatographic. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using data from the Central Geophysical Observatory of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The calculation of the inhalation load of chemical carcinogens and the risks associated with them (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic) was carried out in accordance with domestic guidelines. The assessment of dynamic changes in the nature of atmospheric air pollution with a complex of carcinogenic substances was made 5 of them are constantly recorded at levels exceeding hygienic standards. When compared with the reference concentrations, all compounds are characterized by high coefficients, indicating the likelihood of their effect on the body's immune system, respiratory organs, malformations, etc. A high individual carcinogenic risk of the effect of chromium VI and nitrosamines was determined. A total carcinogenic risk is formed at levels of 2.5 – 3.9×10-3, which should be considered as high; this requires development and implementation of preventive measures. On the territory of the industrial center, a high level of air pollution with increased carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk is stably registered.

scholarly journals Microbiological characteristics of municipal solid waste in St. Petersburg

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grigorii Kozlov ◽  
Mikhail Pushkarev
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Microbiological Pollution ◽  
Microbial Number ◽  
The City ◽  
Collection Sites

The article provides information about fluctuations in the microbiological composition of waste from the city of St. Petersburg (Russia) and microbiological air pollution at the facilities for the collection and processing of solid waste. It has been shown that the collection sites do not significantly affect the microbiological pollution of atmospheric air. Large MSW landfills have a significant impact on air pollution by microorganisms. Although the effect of plants for mechanized biological processing of MSW on the microbial number of atmospheric air is observed, it cannot be considered statistically significant.

Monitoring of Pollutions of Atmosphere in Conditions of Big Industrial Town on the Exhample of Togliatti

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
A.V. Vasilyev
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
The State ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Industrial Town ◽  
Air Pollutions

Results of ecological monitoring of air pollution in conditions of big industrial town on the example of Togliatti town are submitted. On the basis of measurements and calculations results of comparative analysis of negative impact of industrial air pollutions and exhaust gases of automobile transport to the state of atmosphere of Togliatti town was carried out. In total results of researches are allowing to conclude that the main source of air pollution is automobile transport.

scholarly journals Information technology for evaluating spline regression parameters when processing data on air pollution in the GIS «AIRNORM»

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (135) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Anna Polonska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

A feature of the tasks associated with the spread of harmful substances in the natural environment is the presence of a large number of parameters that affect the migration of im-purities. Mathematical models of varying complexity are used to describe such processes. The task of air monitoring by industrial enterprises is to collect, process the parameters of atmospheric pollution in the local area and develop, based on the results, conclusions regarding decision-making on the ecological state of both the industrial site and adjacent residential areas. An improved method of data approximation using piecewise polynomial regression is presented. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to increase the adequacy of determining the boundaries with a sharp change in the concentration of a harmful substance, improves the accuracy of the constructed models of the release of a substance into the atmospheric air and more accurately assess the scale of pollution. The developed methods allow visualization of the obtained data to increase the information content in assessing the pollution of a certain area.Along with mathematical models, when assessing the level of pollution, geographic in-formation systems (GIS) are used as a powerful tool that provides: collection, storage, pro-cessing, display of data, analysis, assessment, forecast of the state of the environment of a territorial community. The methods and algorithms described in the article form the basis of information technology and software for solving the scientific and technical problem of visual and analytical analysis of atmospheric air pollution data in the GIS «AirNorm». With the help of this GIS, the results of a computational experiment carried out on the indicators of the level of emission of NH3 for the source V-109 at the State Research and Production Enterprise (GNPP) «Zirkoniy» m. Kamenskoye were obtained and presented.

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