scholarly journals Gray forest soils peculiarities of loess islands in Polissia and Left-Bank Wooded Steppe of Ukraine

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Kanivets
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Natural Zones ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Central Russian Upland ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
High Level

The article reviews the achievements in gray forest soils study, reveals the main tenets of their formation and the results of authors’ research. The authors were induced to carry out the research, stated in the article, by the necessity to convert from the generalized characteristics of gray forest soils to the differentiated ones, as it is very important with regard to sustainable use of soils fertility and developing their stabilization measures. The article deals with the peculiarities of gray forest soils in left-bank Ukraine from the aspect of these soils characteristic features discreteness within the area stretching from the Podillia to Central Russian Upland. The research was carried out in two provinces – in Chernihiv region, in the transition zone from Polissia (woodlands) to Wooded Steppe, where gray forest soils occur on loess islands and in northern part of Wooded Steppe in the valley terraces of the Desna and Dnipro rivers, and also in Kharkiv region in droughty Eastern Wooded Steppe of Ukraine. It is shown that gray forest soils of loess islands of Polissia (woodlands) and northern part of Wooded Steppe were formed mainly on loessivated sandy loams and partly on loessial loam soils. Among the analogs from other regions they have the shortest humus part of the profile. By the way, humus coloration of the profile increases maximally in the soils of the most humid regions in the Podillia Upland, and in the northern part of the Central Russian Upland. In Polissia (woodlands) and the adjacent (northern) belt of Wooded Steppe gray forest soils contain a very little amount of humus (1,2–1,6 %), have high acidity, contain few nutrients, especially nitrogen. Though, in husbandries of durable optimal arable farming culture rather fertile soils are formed, even on loess sandy loams. They contain 2,4–2,7 % of humus, are saturated with bases by 90–93 %, are characterized by the close to neutral condition reaction, have high content of phosphorus and potassium, and sufficient content of nitrogen. The soils of droughty Eastern Wooded Steppe adjoining to right banks of river valleys, mostly along the edges of plateau terraces, were formed on heavy loamy loesses. The biggest tract is situated around the city of Kharkiv (Kharkiv refugium). They contain more humus (over 2 %), have a deeper dark-gray coloration of the profile, have a less lack of bases and are more saturated with nutrients, though have substantial acidity. It is stated, that in the virgin gray forest soils (in groves) a rather high level of fertility is formed, active accumulation of humus, nitrogen and ashy elements, which are very important for soils fertility, takes place in particular. This is proved by the conclusions of S. V. Zonn and A. P. Travleev about the fact that a broad-leaved forest is not only the cause of leaching and podzolizing. But the factors of fertility decrease rapidly in arable soils. It is caused by stressful aeration while mechanical tilling, which is resulted in intensive mineralization of organic matter. All the above-mentioned peculiarities of gray forest soils properties are the necessary base of regional adaptive-landscape agriculture planning. As for the improvement of gray forest soils classification, the necessity of singling out gray forest soils subtypes according to natural zones and facies is proved, including singling out the above introduced subtype of gray forest soils and the subtype of gray wooded steppe soils.

scholarly journals Restoration of fertility of gray forest soil for management of intensive and organic agriculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
M.A. Tkachenko ◽  
I.M. Kondratiuk ◽  
A.I. Pavlichenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
High Level

The scientific substantiation of the authors on the essence of reproduction of fertility of acid gray forest soils, its types and forms of manifestation, factors of increase and regulation under conditions of intensive and organic agriculture is presented. An in-depth analysis of the amount of humus in loamy soils, a set of agrotechnological measures and patterns aimed at preventing the degradation of acidic gray forest soils and protection of their fertility in the agrocenosis with different technologies for growing crops. The optimal parameters of humus content and reserves and ways to achieve at a consistently high level of basic nutrients in gray forest soils with organic and intensive use are determined. Based on many years of research, the main issues are considered and the effectiveness of action and aftereffects of periodic chemical reclamation in combination with organic and mineral fertilizers is proved, and the effectiveness of one and a half dose of ameliorant for long-term intensive mineral load in agrocenosis is substantiated. The comparative productivity of agrocenosis for III and IV rotation on gray forest soil for organic farming is given.

scholarly journals Change of Agrochemical Parameters of Gray Podzolized Soils of the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe under the Influence of Forest Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

Purpose. The study of changes in the main agrochemical parameters in the upper layers of the gray forest soils of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine that were removed from agricultural processing and forested with pine, in different years. Methods. Theoretical methods included the collection and description of facts, their analysis. Empirical methods involved conducting field research on test plots of the state-owned enterprise “Chuguevo-Babchansky LG” and farm near woodlands. Laboratory and analytical studies were performed using standardized measurement methods. The generalization of the experimental data was performed using application software packages. Results. Studies were carried out on soils under natural forest plantations, soils in intensive agricultural processing and unproductive soils that are derived from agricultural use. In all the studied soils, the main agrochemical parameters were compared among themselves: mobile forms of nitrogen, pH, humus content, content of common forms of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Statistical dependences between agrochemical parameters in the studied variants were established. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate the revitalization and development of humification and accumulation of nutrients in old arable gray forest soils with an increase in the duration of exposure to pine forest. The age stages of the forest determine the specifics of the environmental factors that influence the soil-forming processes. In the soil of a young pine-tree (12 years), there are more cases of an increase in the coefficients of spatial variation. This indicates that the formation of young ecosystems are characterized by low resistance, in these biocenoses the dynamic equilibrium is not reached, which is characteristic of more mature pine forests.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF USE OF BACTERIAL PREPARATIONS WITH GROWING OF ANOTHER POTASSIUM

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-140
Author(s):  
Nataliia Telecalo
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Individual Productivity ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

The article presents the results of researches of 2016-2018 on the study of the effect of seed treatment before sowing with bacterial agents Risoline and Graundfix, the use of insecticidal fungicidal bacterial preparation and complex microfertilizers containing chelate-shaped elements on gray forest soils on the individual productivity and yield of pea varieties. The experimental data obtained can be used in the development of a system for the application of bacterial drugs on pea varieties, on gray forest soils, which will allow the most complete disclosure of the biological potential of the culture and stabilize the high level of productivity. On average, during the years of the study, it was found that the number of beans, seeds and the mass of 1000 seeds of seedlings largely depended on the factors that were put into study. The maximum number of beans in the Gregor variety was 4.72 pp. / Plant, the number of seeds was 19.58 pp. Per plant, the largest seed weight per plant was 4.10 g, the weight increase of 1000 seeds was 233.65 on variants using pre-sowing treatment of seed material with the Risoline + Gradeffix against the background of mineral fertilizer N30P60K60 and the post-root nutrition of crops in the phases of 3 true leaves of the fertilizers Gumat List + Ultrafit and fertilizer budding Gumat Sheet + Ultrafit + LF-Bean + LF- Bohr 140. It was noted that the maximum yield of pea grains 3,55 t/ha in the Ataman and Gregor – 4.06 t/ha was noted during pre-seed treatment and nutrition and protection systems.

Agrotechnical dusting of arable soils of Left-bank Forest-steppe and Steppe of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bulygin ◽  
S. Vitvits'kyj ◽  
D. Timchenko ◽  
V. Didenko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Arable Soils

USE OF AGRO-RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF GRAY FOREST SOILS OF UPPER VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Winter Cereals

The results of long-term research on the influence of main indicators on their agro-resource potential are summarized on gray forest soils of the upper Volga region. For the conditions of the Vladimir Opolie, the probable yield of biomass and the main products of field crops were calculated at different coefficients ofphotosynthetic active radiation (FAR) use. Calculations of the main product yields are made taking into account the distribution of biomass to by-products and crop-root residues. For field crops of the studied crop rotations, the coefficients of precipitation utilization are estimated. They varied from 44 to 71%, depending on the crop rotation culture. On the slope of the southern exposure when cultivating winter cereals and perennial grasses, the main moisture losses were observed in the spring during snowmelt, when growing spring crops and potatoes, they were close in the autumn and spring periods. The sizes of moisture use by crops depending on the fertilizer systems for the creation of 1 C of grain units (g.u.) and from sub-arable layers are determined. In comparison with the liming background, the use of organic fertilizers reduced the water consumption coefficient from 9.6 to 8.5 mm/C g.u., their combination with a single dose of NPK - up to 7.3, and with a double dose - up to 6.8 mm / C g.u. Based on the amount of moisture used by crops, their possible yields are calculated. In spring crops, the amount of precipitation consumed (326-356 mm) corresponds to the use of 2.7-3% of the FAR and provides 54-60 C/ha of grain, in winter rye and wheat - about 4% of the FAR (yield 71-80 C/ha). In perennial grasses for 2 mowing, the moisture consumed is enough to use about 3% of the FAR., in potatoes -1.5%.

The use of algae-cyanobacterial communities for the assessment of lead pollution of gray forest soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Temraleeva ◽  
D. L. Pinskii ◽  
E. N. Patova ◽  
E. V. Spirina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Lead Pollution ◽  
Gray Forest Soils

scholarly journals Remediation of degraded arable steppe soils in Moldova using vetch as green manure

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wiesmeier ◽  
M. Lungu ◽  
R. Hübner ◽  
V. Cerbari
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cover Cropping ◽  
Arable Farming ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Continental Climate

Abstract. In the Republic of Moldova, non-sustainable arable farming led to severe degradation and erosion of fertile steppe soils (Chernozems). As a result, the Chernozems lost about 40% of their initial amounts of soil organic carbon (SOC). The aim of this study was to remediate degraded arable soils and promote carbon sequestration by implementation of cover cropping and green manuring in Moldova. Thereby, the suitability of the legume hairy vetch (Vicia sativa) as cover crop under the dry continental climate of Moldova was examined. At two experimental sites, the effect of cover cropping on chemical and physical soil properties as well as on yields of subsequent main crops was determined. The results showed a significant increase of SOC after incorporation of hairy vetch mainly due to increases of aggregate-occluded and mineral-associated OC. This was related to a high above- and belowground biomass production of hairy vetch associated with a high input of carbon and nitrogen into arable soils. A calculation of SOC stocks based on equivalent soil masses revealed a sequestration of around 3 t C ha−1yr−1 as a result of hairy vetch cover cropping. The buildup of SOC was associated with an improvement of the soil structure as indicated by a distinct decrease of bulk density and a relative increase of macroaggregates at the expense of microaggregates and clods. As a result, yields of subsequent main crops increased by around 20%. Our results indicated that hairy vetch is a promising cover crop to remediate degraded steppe soils, control soil erosion and sequester substantial amounts of atmospheric C in arable soils of Moldova.

scholarly journals USE OF FOREST SITE CAPACITY BY FORESTS OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. P. Tkach ◽  
O. V. Kobets ◽  
M. G. Rumiantsev
Keyword(s):  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Natural Zones ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Oak

The forest site capacity using was quantitatively assessed for the stands of the main forest-forming species of Ukraine, Scots pine and common oak, taking into account natural zones and forest types. The tables of productivity of modal and highly productive pine and oak stands have been developed. It has been found that the stands use an average of 50–75 % of the forest site capacity of lands. The average weighted value of the capacity used by pine forests was 68–76 % in the Polissya zone, 70–78 % and 68–73 % in the Right-bank and Left-bank Forest-Steppe zones respectively, and 54–78 % in the Steppe zone. For oak stands, the value was 71–75 % and 63–71 % for the Right-bank and Left-bank Forest-Steppe zones respectively and 65–75 % for the Steppe zone. The basis for increasing the productivity of forests was confirmed to be the differentiation of forest management systems and individual forestry activities on a zonal and typological basis.

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