«Agrophytocenology: aspects of theory, methodology and related sciences» [Monograph] / V. I. Shanda, E. O. Yevtushenko, N. V. Voroshilova, Y. V. Malenko

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
N. A. Bilova ◽  
V. I. Chornaya
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Success Of Science ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The most characteristic features of the modern civilization stage are runaway growth, integration and further differentiation of knowledges, enhancement of the science role in society. Science is an important factor of global transformation and mankind progress. The existence and prosperity of society depends largely on the success of science which is developed rapidly, justifying correctness, objectivity, reliability, and appropriateness of decisions on long-term planning of economic, environmental, political and social activities. Neither reliable prediction of further long-term effects of our current actions nor correct definition of the immediate tasks of economic activity are possible without a thorough scientific analysis of the numerous challenges that affect the tasks of modern society. Realities of the present state justify absolute needs for multilateral forecasting, modeling of multivariate objective patterns of mankind future, and certainly of science itself and its priorities. Works of scientists that include a monograph of V.I. Shanda, E.O. Yevtushenko, N.V. Voroshilova, Y.V. Malenko offer insights into better understanding and more accurate determination of status, ways and prospects of further science development in general and in level of its individual disciplines. The monograph highlights in retro- and perspective the nature, development, interdisciplinary connections, ontological, gnoseological and theoretical issues, concepts, differentiation of agrophytocenology as a science, represented the systemic vision, elementary and structural analysis of agrophytocenoses, their division and specificity, including chaos and behaviours related to formation of structure, composition and interactions. 

scholarly journals “I’ve Heard of It, Yes, but I Can’t Remember What Exactly It Was”—A Qualitative Study on Awareness, Knowledge, and Use of the UV Index

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1615
Author(s):  
Katharina Diehl ◽  
Tatiana Görig ◽  
Charlotte Jansen ◽  
Maike Carola Hruby ◽  
Annette B. Pfahlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians play an important role in counselling customers regarding sunscreen use and sun protection measures. A potentially helpful tool that can be used during counselling is the ultraviolet index (UVI), which informs individuals when and what sun protection measures are needed at a specific place and time. Our aim in this qualitative study was to explore awareness, knowledge, and use of the UVI during counselling in pharmacies. We used semi-structured interviews with pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians (n = 20) to answer our research questions. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. During the interviews pharmacists and pharmaceutical technicians revealed a lot of uncertainty and lack of knowledge regarding the UVI. Eight professionals were able to give a correct definition of UVI. Amongst others, the UVI was confused with sun protection factor. Overall, the UVI was hardly used during the counselling of customers. The UVI was developed to provide guidance when which type of sun protection is required to avoid detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation. For effective implementation, both the general population and health professionals (e.g., pharmacists) have to increase their knowledge about the UVI. This would strengthen its use during professional counselling in pharmacies and may help to reduce the incidence of skin cancer over the long term.

scholarly journals Land dispute as an object of arbitration process

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
M. A. Magomedova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Land Dispute ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Arbitration Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of

In the current legislation of the Russian Federation, there is no concept of a land dispute, which causes difficulties in determining the competence of an arbitration court in cases in which the object of the dispute is land. The article analyzes the general legal concept of a dispute and the sectoral concept of a land dispute developed by scientists. The author identified the characteristic features of a land dispute and its structural elements. The work reveals the influence of the structural elements of the land dispute on the type of production in which the dispute will be considered. In addition, the author concludes that the correct definition of the structural elements of the land dispute enables the arbitration court to determine the appropriate persons participating in the case, the subject of proof, the relevance and admissibility of evidence, and ultimately make a lawful and wellgrounded court decision.

scholarly journals Ozone: A Review of Recent Experimental, Clinical and Epidemiological Evidence, with Notes on Causation—Part 1

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
David V Bates
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
And Function ◽  
Theoretical Issues

Part 1 of this review is concerned with theoretical issues of ozone dosimetry, animal and cellular studies that illustrate the mechanism of action of ozone on living tissues, and with clinical studies. Animal studies have indicated that there are long term effects from low level long term ozone exposure. Clinical studies involve controlled ozone exposures on human subjects, both normals and asthmatics. Exercise concomitant with the ozone exposure increases the effect of the gas. It is concluded that the induction of an inflammatory response in the airway, both in the nose and in the lung, is the striking and earliest feature of ozone exposure. Current unexplained observations include: the dissociation between the inflammatory and function test response; the mechanisms of ‘adaptation’ and of airway hyperresponsiveness; and the phenomena that underlie the effect of ozone on maximal athletic performance.

Wie der homo oeconomicus vererbt

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Wink
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Homo Oeconomicus ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Despite a long tradition of dealing with problems of optimal intergenerational allocation, economists are rarely integrated into debates about strategies to cope with decisions with long-term effects. Cost-benefitanalyses as typical economic methods to evaluate long-term investment strategies mostly neglect the need for basic normative decisions, e.g. about the definition of future generations and their interests. This paper presents first steps of an institutional economics' framework to overcorne these shortcornings and to improve the opportunities of an integrated interdisciplinary approach.

Crime and Victimization in Cyberspace

2020 ◽  
pp. 248-264
Author(s):  
Maurizio Tonellotto
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
On Line ◽  
Harmful Behavior ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conscious Attention ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The development of information technologies in recent years has transformed our society into a “hyper-connected space” in which the pitfalls, the risks, as well as the damages to the victims have grown exponentially. Identity theft, hacking, information piracy, threats to data integrity, on-line scams, or CEO fraud are the commonplace keywords that are part of the internet of things. Cybercrime can cause serious harm and long-term effects, whether the victims are individuals or companies. It is important to address the definition of “cybercrime,” since the term itself refers to a harmful behavior that is in some way related to a single computer or to a computer network and examine the main types of computer crimes in order to understand which countermeasures can be implemented to counteract these phenomena where the human factor is the fundamental component to promote the concept of “conscious attention” as a necessary resource to limit the risks of “cyber victimization.”

scholarly journals Myeloid neoplasms after chemotherapy and PRRT: myth and reality

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. C1-C7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bodei ◽  
Irvin M Modlin ◽  
Markus Luster ◽  
Flavio Forrer ◽  
Marta Cremonesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Myeloid Neoplasms ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Small Cohort ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Definition Of

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 90Y-octreotide or 177Lu-octreotate is an effective treatment for inoperable or metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), particularly well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic or bronchopulmonary NETs. PRRT is generally extremely well tolerated, with modest toxicity to target organs, kidney and bone marrow. Nevertheless, a priori concerns regarding long-term effects lead clinicians such as Brieau and coworkers, in this ERC issue, to ascribe to the combination of alkylating agents and PRRT the apparently high occurrence (n=4) of myeloproliferative events (therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs)) in a small cohort of 20 progressive, advanced digestive NETs treated with PRRT after chemotherapy. Anecdotal reports of myelotoxic events should be placed in the correct perspective of larger series, where the reported incidence of these events is ~2%, with the aim of promoting a balanced awareness of the issue and unbiased and reasonable overall conclusions. For a comprehensive definition of the issue, we provide an evaluation of the occurrence of t-MN in patients treated with various myelotoxic treatments.

Structure Follows Strategy at Bharat Petroleum

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Machado ◽  
Kurian Parambi ◽  
Pallavi Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Change Process ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Organizational Restructuring ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

This case reveals the story of organizational restructuring at Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL). The story begins in the 1990s when India’s petroleum industry was closed to private enterprise. BPCL’s chairman at that time (Sundararajan) anticipates that India’s government would deregulate the industry. He is concerned that without fundamental changes, BPCL might not survive private competition—and so, he initiates a transformation of the organization’s strategy and structure. The restructuring attempts to dismantle a command-and-control culture, and replace it by one of empowered teams. The change process is undertaken in the spirit of co-creation. The definition of ‘customer’ is altered, causing organizational boundaries to be redrawn. Such an exercise is extraordinary for its time. The case then presents a picture of BPCL and its challenges in 2015. History seems to repeat itself, as market conditions are nearly identical to those that existed 17 years ago. What should the company do in 2015? This case has a three-fold purpose; viz. (i) to show how the structure of an organization can be aligned with its business strategy; (ii) to illustrate how organizations with a functional structure can reorganize to an ‘M-form’ or SBU structure; and (iii) to help readers consider the latent, long-term effects of restructuring.

In situ characterization of metals at extremes

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Browning ◽  
G. H. Campbell ◽  
J. A. Hawreliak ◽  
M. A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Radiation Conditions ◽  
Temperature Strain

The fundamental processes taking place in metals under extreme conditions can occur on ultrafast timescales (i.e., nanoseconds to picoseconds), and yet their result can continue to have a significant impact on the structural properties for many years to follow. The challenge in developing in situ methods for characterization under extreme conditions therefore involves both the modification of the instrumentation to implement the high-temperature, strain, and radiation conditions and the definition of the timescale over which the measurement must be made. While techniques are well established for characterization of the long-term effects of extreme conditions, experiments are only just beginning to probe the initial stages of structural evolution. This article reviews recent developments in optical, x-ray, and electron probes of metals under extreme conditions and also discusses the needs for future experiments and potential pathways to achieving these goals.

scholarly journals Description of the Concept of Medical Technologies and Devices in Latvia in the Context of Robotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Palkova, Karina ◽  
Artūrs Žukovs
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Legal Study ◽  
Medical Technologies ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Robotics

Nowadays one of the topical issues, from legal point of view, is technologies and robotics technologies and devices. Technologies and robotics technologies and devices have become dominant in various areas including business, banking sector and healthcare. Technologies influence every aspect of daily life of modern society at home and work. Technologies, considering development of robotics, have a huge potential to transform public and private sectors. They provide modern and safe levels of services in various forms. The impact of technologies and robotics technologies will grow over time [11]. The article is devoted to definition of legal study of technologies and medical technologies and correlation between particular definitions with the definition of robotics in Latvia. General conclusions related to legal study of the subject shows lack of correct definition of medical technologies and unclear understanding of robotics technologies, artificial intelligence based medical devices from medical care perspective. Raksts veltīts sabiedrībai aktuālas tēmas izpētei – par straujās tehnoloģiskās attīstības iespaidā radīto jauno robotisko un mākslīgā intelekta vadīto ierīču izmantošanas regulējuma nepieciešamību tiesību subjektu tiesisko attiecību sakārtošanai. Rakstā analizēts veselības aprūpē izmantojamo daudzfunkcionālo iekārtu lietošanas tiesiskais regulējums, kā arī tā ietekme uz pacientu tiesību ievērošanu. Robotikas tehnoloģijas un ierīces tiek aktīvi izmantotas veselības aprūpes procesā, it īpaši diagnostikā. Šīs tehnoloģijas ietekmē gandrīz visus mūsdienu sabiedrības ikdienas aspektus un ir kļuvušas par dominējošām dažādās jomās, tostarp uzņēmējdarbībā, banku sektorā un veselības aprūpē. Ņemot vērā robotikas attīstību, šīm tehnoloģijām ir milzīgs potenciāls gan publiskajā, gan arī privātajā sektorā. Laika gaitā robotikas tehnoloģiju ietekme pieaugs, un pieaugs arī tiesiskā aspektā pētāmo problēmjautājumu klāsts. Līdz ar to ļoti svarīga ir tehnoloģiju un medicīnas tehnoloģiju juridisko problēmjautājumu definēšana, korelācija starp konkrētām definīcijām, kā arī robotikas definīcija Latvijā. Vispārīgi secināms, ka medicīnisko tehnoloģiju jomā trūkst skaidru definīciju, kas sniedz nepārprotamu izpratni par robotikas tehnoloģijām, mākslīgā intelekta robottehnoloģijām, medicīnas ierīcēm u.c. Mūsdienās tehnoloģiju jautājums un konkrēta segmenta attīstība nākotnē ir būtiska no juridiskā viedokļa. Piemēram, attīstoties medicīnas tehnoloģijām, kas balstītas uz mākslīgā intelekta sistēmām, novērojams liels potenciāls diagnostikas kontekstā. Taču tehnoloģiskais progress šobrīd ir daudz straujāks nekā jauno tiesību attīstība. Joprojām aktuāls ir jautājums par nākotnes tiesisko regulējumu un esošo tiesisko regulējumu, tā interpretāciju medicīnas tehnoloģiju, ierīču jomā. Medicīniskām ierīcēm, piedāvājot novatoriskus risinājumus profilaksei, novērošanai, prognozēšanai utt., ir būtiska loma veselības aprūpē. Nacionālajos un starptautiskajos tiesību aktos vērojamas vairākas pieejas, lai atbalstītu tehnoloģiju attīstību veselības aprūpē. Taču problēma ir noteikt, vai Latvijā pastāv atšķirība starp medicīnas tehnoloģiju, robotikas tehnoloģiju un ierīču definīciju. Jāatzīst, ka robottehnoloģiju, mākslīgā intelekta ierīču tiesiskais regulējums Latvijā šobrīd nav pilnīgs, kaut arī jauno robottehnoloģiju un mākslīgā intelekta ierīču izgudrošanas, ražošanas un pielietošanas iespaidā tiesiskā regulējuma pilnveides nepieciešamība arvien palielinās.

Sopravvivere al cancro: una rassegna sulla Qualitŕ di Vita nella cancer survivorship

2009 ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Maria Antonietta Anunziata ◽  
Barbara Muzzatti ◽  
Katia Bianchet ◽  
Massimiliano Berretta ◽  
Emanuela Chimienti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivorship ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Point Model ◽  
Medical Progress ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications

- Thanks to substantial medical progress, today the number of cancer survivors constantly increases. Thus, ever more frequently, patients and healthy professionals must treat a new condition: the cancer survivorship. This condition is peculiar for both its somatic (e.g. the late and long term effects of the treatments) and psychosocial (e.g. psychological distress, fear for a relapse, perceived social support) implications. The present paper is a review of the recent international literature about cancer survivorship; a condition still less known in Italy. First the definition of cancer survivorship is discussed and then cancer survivorship is addressed through a four point model of the concept of Quality of Life. In the last section, the authors will examine the expectation for future research, as well as the possible limitations, together with the practical implications of this topic.

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