scholarly journals Myeloid neoplasms after chemotherapy and PRRT: myth and reality

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. C1-C7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bodei ◽  
Irvin M Modlin ◽  
Markus Luster ◽  
Flavio Forrer ◽  
Marta Cremonesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkylating Agents ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Myeloid Neoplasms ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Small Cohort ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Definition Of

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 90Y-octreotide or 177Lu-octreotate is an effective treatment for inoperable or metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), particularly well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic or bronchopulmonary NETs. PRRT is generally extremely well tolerated, with modest toxicity to target organs, kidney and bone marrow. Nevertheless, a priori concerns regarding long-term effects lead clinicians such as Brieau and coworkers, in this ERC issue, to ascribe to the combination of alkylating agents and PRRT the apparently high occurrence (n=4) of myeloproliferative events (therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs)) in a small cohort of 20 progressive, advanced digestive NETs treated with PRRT after chemotherapy. Anecdotal reports of myelotoxic events should be placed in the correct perspective of larger series, where the reported incidence of these events is ~2%, with the aim of promoting a balanced awareness of the issue and unbiased and reasonable overall conclusions. For a comprehensive definition of the issue, we provide an evaluation of the occurrence of t-MN in patients treated with various myelotoxic treatments.

Wie der homo oeconomicus vererbt

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Wink
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Homo Oeconomicus ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Despite a long tradition of dealing with problems of optimal intergenerational allocation, economists are rarely integrated into debates about strategies to cope with decisions with long-term effects. Cost-benefitanalyses as typical economic methods to evaluate long-term investment strategies mostly neglect the need for basic normative decisions, e.g. about the definition of future generations and their interests. This paper presents first steps of an institutional economics' framework to overcorne these shortcornings and to improve the opportunities of an integrated interdisciplinary approach.

Crime and Victimization in Cyberspace

2020 ◽  
pp. 248-264
Author(s):  
Maurizio Tonellotto
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
On Line ◽  
Harmful Behavior ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Conscious Attention ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The development of information technologies in recent years has transformed our society into a “hyper-connected space” in which the pitfalls, the risks, as well as the damages to the victims have grown exponentially. Identity theft, hacking, information piracy, threats to data integrity, on-line scams, or CEO fraud are the commonplace keywords that are part of the internet of things. Cybercrime can cause serious harm and long-term effects, whether the victims are individuals or companies. It is important to address the definition of “cybercrime,” since the term itself refers to a harmful behavior that is in some way related to a single computer or to a computer network and examine the main types of computer crimes in order to understand which countermeasures can be implemented to counteract these phenomena where the human factor is the fundamental component to promote the concept of “conscious attention” as a necessary resource to limit the risks of “cyber victimization.”

scholarly journals Histological long-term effects in relevant tissues after 131I contamination of two Wistar rat models

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 05009
Author(s):  
Meriem Mezaguer-Lekouaghet ◽  
Abdelwahab Badreddine ◽  
Saadia Mameri ◽  
Maamar Souidi ◽  
Ahcène Baz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Tissue Analysis ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Thyroid Mass ◽  
Iodine 131

Procedures using iodine-131 (131I) represent about 90% of all therapies in nuclear medicine [1, 2]. It is important to evaluate the long-term biological effects of 131I treatment on non-target organs in order to improve the patient radioprotection. The aim of this work is to use an experimental animal model to contribute to the understanding of some biological effects induced by 131I contamination, and especially histological effects. Two models of Wistar rats with (Tr+) and without thyroid (Tr-) were orally contaminated with iodine and after 8 months they were sacrificed and the histological effects on some relevant tissues such as thyroid, testes, liver and kidneys were been studied. Thyroid tissue analysis revealed that in the case of the Tr+ model compared to their control (Tr+ uncontaminated), 50% of the slides examined had remodeled the thyroid tissue with rare follicles choked by fibrosis and with epithelial changes. However, for Tr- compared to their control, the examined slides reveal the presence of a small, completely atrophied thyroid mass associated with vesicular fibrosis and with detachment of the colloid. For the renal organ, disturbances are observed: inflammation of the presence of tissue fibrosis and glomerular necrosis. For the liver, there is an appearance of inflammatory focus in different degrees around the portals. However, the results of the testes of both models compared to their controls revealed no histological abnormalities. The observed histological effects are correlated with the corresponding absorbed dose received by each organ and calculated using the RODES software [3, 4].

Long-term effects of hypothalamic lesions on the pituitary and its target organs in the killifishFundulus heteroclitus: II. Darkening

1984 ◽  
Vol 230 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Grace E. Pickford ◽  
W. Rea Knight ◽  
Janet N. Knight ◽  
Bridget I. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Hypothalamic Lesions ◽  
Target Organs

Structure Follows Strategy at Bharat Petroleum

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noel Machado ◽  
Kurian Parambi ◽  
Pallavi Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Change Process ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Organizational Restructuring ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control

This case reveals the story of organizational restructuring at Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL). The story begins in the 1990s when India’s petroleum industry was closed to private enterprise. BPCL’s chairman at that time (Sundararajan) anticipates that India’s government would deregulate the industry. He is concerned that without fundamental changes, BPCL might not survive private competition—and so, he initiates a transformation of the organization’s strategy and structure. The restructuring attempts to dismantle a command-and-control culture, and replace it by one of empowered teams. The change process is undertaken in the spirit of co-creation. The definition of ‘customer’ is altered, causing organizational boundaries to be redrawn. Such an exercise is extraordinary for its time. The case then presents a picture of BPCL and its challenges in 2015. History seems to repeat itself, as market conditions are nearly identical to those that existed 17 years ago. What should the company do in 2015? This case has a three-fold purpose; viz. (i) to show how the structure of an organization can be aligned with its business strategy; (ii) to illustrate how organizations with a functional structure can reorganize to an ‘M-form’ or SBU structure; and (iii) to help readers consider the latent, long-term effects of restructuring.

In situ characterization of metals at extremes

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Browning ◽  
G. H. Campbell ◽  
J. A. Hawreliak ◽  
M. A. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Radiation Conditions ◽  
Temperature Strain

The fundamental processes taking place in metals under extreme conditions can occur on ultrafast timescales (i.e., nanoseconds to picoseconds), and yet their result can continue to have a significant impact on the structural properties for many years to follow. The challenge in developing in situ methods for characterization under extreme conditions therefore involves both the modification of the instrumentation to implement the high-temperature, strain, and radiation conditions and the definition of the timescale over which the measurement must be made. While techniques are well established for characterization of the long-term effects of extreme conditions, experiments are only just beginning to probe the initial stages of structural evolution. This article reviews recent developments in optical, x-ray, and electron probes of metals under extreme conditions and also discusses the needs for future experiments and potential pathways to achieving these goals.

Sopravvivere al cancro: una rassegna sulla Qualitŕ di Vita nella cancer survivorship

2009 ◽  
pp. 55-71
Author(s):  
Maria Antonietta Anunziata ◽  
Barbara Muzzatti ◽  
Katia Bianchet ◽  
Massimiliano Berretta ◽  
Emanuela Chimienti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivorship ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Point Model ◽  
Medical Progress ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Practical Implications

- Thanks to substantial medical progress, today the number of cancer survivors constantly increases. Thus, ever more frequently, patients and healthy professionals must treat a new condition: the cancer survivorship. This condition is peculiar for both its somatic (e.g. the late and long term effects of the treatments) and psychosocial (e.g. psychological distress, fear for a relapse, perceived social support) implications. The present paper is a review of the recent international literature about cancer survivorship; a condition still less known in Italy. First the definition of cancer survivorship is discussed and then cancer survivorship is addressed through a four point model of the concept of Quality of Life. In the last section, the authors will examine the expectation for future research, as well as the possible limitations, together with the practical implications of this topic.

«Agrophytocenology: aspects of theory, methodology and related sciences» [Monograph] / V. I. Shanda, E. O. Yevtushenko, N. V. Voroshilova, Y. V. Malenko

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
N. A. Bilova ◽  
V. I. Chornaya
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Correct Definition ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Success Of Science ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theoretical Issues

The most characteristic features of the modern civilization stage are runaway growth, integration and further differentiation of knowledges, enhancement of the science role in society. Science is an important factor of global transformation and mankind progress. The existence and prosperity of society depends largely on the success of science which is developed rapidly, justifying correctness, objectivity, reliability, and appropriateness of decisions on long-term planning of economic, environmental, political and social activities. Neither reliable prediction of further long-term effects of our current actions nor correct definition of the immediate tasks of economic activity are possible without a thorough scientific analysis of the numerous challenges that affect the tasks of modern society. Realities of the present state justify absolute needs for multilateral forecasting, modeling of multivariate objective patterns of mankind future, and certainly of science itself and its priorities. Works of scientists that include a monograph of V.I. Shanda, E.O. Yevtushenko, N.V. Voroshilova, Y.V. Malenko offer insights into better understanding and more accurate determination of status, ways and prospects of further science development in general and in level of its individual disciplines. The monograph highlights in retro- and perspective the nature, development, interdisciplinary connections, ontological, gnoseological and theoretical issues, concepts, differentiation of agrophytocenology as a science, represented the systemic vision, elementary and structural analysis of agrophytocenoses, their division and specificity, including chaos and behaviours related to formation of structure, composition and interactions. 

scholarly journals The consequence of COVID-19: how the United States moved from security provider to security consumer

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1253-1279
Author(s):  
Simon Reich ◽  
Peter Dombrowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
National Security ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
The Us ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

Abstract Deliberations over the COVID-19 pandemic's long-term effects on the global balance of power have spurred a large and rancorous debate, including speculation about a shift in the definition of national security and prescriptions about where it should focus. That argument will no doubt continue. But we argue that one consequence is already evident: the United States has spent the last seventy years portraying itself as a security provider in all key domains—for many an intrinsic component of its status as a global leader. One reasonable broad conclusion from the US struggle with COVID-19 is that it has further forfeited its broad leadership position on the basis of its behaviour. Yet that, although possibly true, would only portray one element of the story. The more profound insight exposed by COVID-19 is of a new reality: in a world where both naturogenic and anthropogenic threats pose immense national security challenges, decades of mistaken assumptions and policy choices have created a new environment, one where the United States has been redefined as a security consumer, at least in terms of international public health issues associated with the spread of deadly infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Exploring the long-term effect of strategy work: The case of Sustainable Sydney 2030

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802097954
Author(s):  
Martin Kornberger ◽  
Renate E Meyer ◽  
Markus A Höllerer
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Thought Style ◽  
Thought Collective ◽  
Mary Douglas ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Urban Strategy

Strategy has become an important concern and practical tool in urban management and governance, with the literature highlighting implementation as a hallmark of effective strategy. Whilst such a strategy–action link (which we label here as ‘implementation nexus’) has been well established, other long-term effects have been documented in less detail. Our study of Sustainable Sydney 2030 finds that strategy was effective to the extent to which it changed the institutional a priori of what a collective of actors engaged in city-making knows, what it can articulate and how its members relate to each other. We capture this effect as ‘institution nexus’ and theorise our findings with Ludwik Fleck’s concept of ‘thought style’ of a focal ‘thought collective’– notions that also centrally influenced Mary Douglas’ work on ‘how institutions think’. We contribute to extant research by adding the institution nexus as a long-term effect of urban strategy as well as by advancing strategy theory in urban studies to foreground its ability to shape institutions.

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