scholarly journals Effect of immunological castration of male pigs on morphological and functional con-dition of the testicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
V. V. Samoilіuk ◽  
M. S. Koziy ◽  
D. D. Bilyi ◽  
S. M. Maslikov ◽  
Т. L. Spitsina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Time Shift ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Immunological Castration

Changes in the priorities of the treatment of animals in the conditions of intense technology of production of livestock products are based on the necessity of wellbeing of animals. Therefore, there is a need of search for and broad introduction of generally accepted alternatives to surgery, which would use modern means of castration, particularly immunocastration. The study presents morpho-functional substantiation of practicability of using immunological castration in the conditions of industrial production of pork. At the same time, we studied immunological castration using Improvak on the morphological and physiological condition of the testicles of male pigs. The testosterone level was determined using radioimmunologic method after 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks of immunological and surgical castrations, and also in intact boars of the control group. During the slaughter, we selected biopates of the testicles in immunological castrates and pigs of the control group for histological examination. The testosterone level 2 weeks after castration was the lowest in the animals castrated using Improvak. This indicator gradually increased, and after 8 weeks was higher than in the surgically castrated pigs. In the latter, the level of testosterone gradually decreased for 8 weeks, and did not significantly change in non-castrated pigs. The last stages of spermatogenesis in immunocastrates were inhibited after the second vaccination. As a result of immunological castration, the interstitial tissue of the testicle underwent changes. Between the tubules, a spreading of the loose connective tissue was observed. Leydig cells lost hyper chromaticity of the cytoplasm and typical polygonal profile, and their functional potential decreased. This fact was confirmed by the changes in the Hertwig’s ratio. In particular, we observed decrease in the value of the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. There were also a time shift of mitotic cycle, low degree of differentiation of spermatogonia and rupture of the course of the subsequent stages of spermatogenesis. However, there occurred multiplication of primary spermatogonia, single cellular divisions, and in the ductus deferentes, there could be found single spermatids. Some of them formed specific cellular groups of rounded and elliptic shapes in the seminiferous tubules. These structures were absent in the testicles of the control animals. Microstructural changes in the swine after injecting Improvak were characterized by deficiency of Leydig cells, indicating absence of the normal hormonal background, as confirmed by the results of the study of testosterone level. The epithelium-spermatogenic layer was underdeveloped, and the lumens of the tubules were in some places filled with generations of spermatocytes. In some places, meiosis was observed, which also indicates insignificant functioning of the testicles. Vaccination with Improvak caused atrophy of the testicles in swine and decrease in their functional condition, allowing it to be recommended it for broader application as an alternative to surgical castration.

scholarly journals Histopathologic features of male domestic cat (Felis domestica) testes induced by bisphenol-A orally

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fachira Ulfa Makmur ◽  
Fika Yuliza Purba ◽  
Dwi Kesuma Sari
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Testicular Histology ◽  
Group 1

Infertility in cat becomes a serious problem in pet community since many compounds of infertility-caused can be found widely in the environment. One of the compounds causing infertility in mammals is Bisphenol-A (BPA), which is known as an estrogenic compound. The purpose of this research is to observe the changes in testicular histology of male domestic cat (Felis domestica) induced by BPA orally. Sample used in this study were 24 male domestic cats divided into 4 groups, namely the group 1 as control, group 2, 3 and 4 were treated with BPA about 5, 10 and 100 mg/kg bodyweight, respectively for 5 days. The results showed that the estrogenic effect of BPA affects the reproductive system of the cat. The effects of BPA in cat included decrease in the amounts of spermatozoa, vacuolization of seminiferous tubules cells, degeneration of Leydig cells, degeneration of tubular epithelial cells,  irregular forms of the germ, interstitial tissue hemorrhage, debris cell filled the lumen of seminiferous tubules. These results suggested that BPA can be harmful to the reproductive system of the cat

Vitamin C ameliorates the adverse effects of dexamethasone on sperm motility, testosterone level, and spermatogenesis indexes in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Sadeghzadeh ◽  
MS Mehranjani ◽  
M Mahmoodi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vit C

Background: Dexamethasone (DEX) is a common medicine that is capable of causing malformation in the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin C (Vit-C) on spermatogenesis indexes and daily sperm production (DSP) in adult mice treated with DEX. Methods: Male Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice were divided into four groups: Control, DEX (7 mg/kg/day), Vit-C (100 mg/kg/day), and DEX +Vit-C and treated for 7 days with intraperitoneal injection. Results: A significant increase in the mean levels of serum and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and apoptosis of Leydig cells was found in the DEX group compared to the control group. Sperm motility, DSP, tubular differentiation index, meiotic index, spermatogenesis index, the mean number of spermatocytes, round and long spermatids, and Leydig cells, and also serum testosterone level decreased in the DEX group compared to the control group. The results of this study indicate that Vit-C can significantly prevent the adverse effects of DEX on the mean number of spermatocyte, spermatid, and Leydig cells, tubular differentiation, meiotic and spermatogenesis index, DSP, sperm motility, and the mean levels of serum MDA. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results showed that coadministration of Vit-C and DEX prevents the adverse effects of DEX on the spermatogenesis indexes and DSP.

scholarly journals Microscopic Features of Gonadally Inactive Testis of Khaki Campbell Duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
Papia Khatun ◽  
Ziaul Haque ◽  
Shonkor Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
One Year ◽  
Khaki Campbell Ducks ◽  
First Time

The microscopic features of the testis were studied in gonadally inactive Khaki Campbell duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) in Bangladesh. The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy & Histology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Five adult healthy birds of one-year-old were used for this study. The testes were collected immediately after ethical killing of the birds for histological observations. The collected tissue samples were then processed and stained with Hematoxylene & Eosin (H & E) stain for histological observations. The seminiferous tubules showed considerable involution with cessation of spermatogenesis. The basal lamina of the seminiferous tubules was irregular in outline and was invaginated into the germinal epithelium in the form of finger-like plicae or folds. Most of the lumen of the seminiferous tubules was empty and all generation of germ cells were not present in most of the seminifeous tubules. The interstitium showed a relative increase in volume and interstitial tissue consisted of loose connective tissue, interstitial cells (Leydig cells), few connective cells and blood vessels. This study first time described the microscopic features of testis of Khaki Campbell ducks in Bangladesh during inactive phases of the reproductive cycle.

Intragonadal regulation of immune system functions

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
MP Hedger ◽  
JX Qin ◽  
DM Robertson ◽  
Kretser DM de
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Adult Rat

Immune responses within the mammalian gonads, and in particular the testis, are deficient in spite of adequate lymphatic drainage and the presence of lymphocytes and MHC II+ macrophages. There is considerable evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies that this 'suppression' of the immune system may be due, at least in part, to localized inhibition or regulation of normal lymphocyte and/or macrophage functions within the gonads. In the testis, both steroidal and non-steroidal products of the Leydig cells, including androgens, endorphins, and inhibin-related proteins, have been implicated in mediating this activity. In turn, a number of immune cell cytokines affect steroidogenic cell function in vitro. The studies described in this paper indicated that [3H]-thymidine incorporation by adult rat thymocytes in vitro was inhibited by conditioned medium collected from short-term incubations of Percoll-purified adult rat Leydig cells, but stimulated by testicular interstitial fluid and by conditioned medium collected from short-term incubations of adult rat seminiferous tubules. The factors responsible for these effects on thymocyte function appeared to be of large molecular weight, as they were retained by ultrafiltration membranes with exclusion limits of 10,000 or 30,000 daltons. It is hypothesized that an 'immunosuppressive' mechanism, principally mediated by non-steroidal factors secreted by the steroidogenic cells of the gonadal interstitial tissue, exists within the gonads in order to prevent activation of the immune system by germ cell antigens and growth factors associated with germ cell proliferation and differentiation. This mechanism probably acts in parallel with normal antigen-specific tolerance mechanisms operating at the gonadal level. As immune responses to germ cells are believed to be a significant causative factor in infertility, particularly in men, this represents an important area for further study.

scholarly journals Curcumin Effectivity on Hepar and Reproductive Organ Recovery Male Mice (Mus musculus L) after Methoxychlor Exposure

Biota ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahriani Mahriani ◽  
Susantin Fajariyah ◽  
Eva Tyas Utami
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disruptive Effect ◽  
Curcumin Treatment ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Male Reproductive Organ

Methoxychlor (MXC) is an insecticide (DDT derivates) that has the potential for bioaccumulation in mammal and causes a disruptive effect on the hepar and reproductive system. This study was done to find out the benefits of curcumin as a natural ingredient to overcome the negative impact of Methoxychlor (MXC) on hepar and male reproductive organ of Balb’C mice (Mus musculus L). The study was carried out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Posttest Only Control Group Design used four treatments and six replications. The curcumin treatment after administration of MXC was carried out by gavage with curcumin doses: 0.05; 0,1; and 0.2 mg/g body weight, every day for two weeks, respectively. Histological observations of the liver, and testis was performed using the paraffin method and Hematoxylin Eosin stained. The results showed that MXC exposure caused liver disruption by increasing the number of pycnotic necrotic hepatocytes and hydrophic degeneration hepatocytes. On the male reproductive organ, MXC caused testis impairment by reducing the number of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells, spermatogenic cell counts, and the diameter of seminiferous tubules. The administration of curcumin at doses of 0.1 mg/g bw in mice exposed to methoxychlor can reduce the number of hydrophic degeneration hepatocytes and tend to reduce the number of pycnotic hepatocytes; and also increase the number of Sertoli cells, the number of spermatogenic cells, and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules, and tend to reduce the amount of Leydig cells. Curcumin treatment tends to recover hepar dan testis disruption of mice that were exposed by MXC.

scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia L.) TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL LEYDIG DAN HORMON TESTOSTERON MENCIT (Mus musculus) JANTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Faradillah Hapsari Dwi Putri ◽  
Wurlina Wurlina ◽  
Benjamin Christoffel Tehupuring
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Testosterone Level ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Male House

The active compound in bitter melon, i.e., flavonoid, is allegedly inhibiting the formation of testoterone by Leydig cell. The aim of the research was investigating the Leydig cell and testoterone level due to the addition of bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.). This research was conducted on December 2016 at the Animal Testing Lab of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Airlangga, while the production of histopathology preparations was at the pathology laboratory of Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, and the execution of testosterone level test was at Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Surabaya. The utilized research design was Completely Randomized Design, exploiting 20 male house mice which are divided into four experimental groups of 5 male house mice each. Each group had given the treatments of bitter melon extract of 23mg/kgBB, 35mg/kgBB, 45,5mg/kgBB, while the control group had given the drug solvent of CMC Na 1%, which is conducted by utilizing feeding needles. In the 41st day, the male house mice were being euthanized by cervical dislocation. The Leydig cells could be observed by utilizing 400x microscope zoom, while the testosterone was examined utilizing Enzym Linken Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The research result demonstrated that the bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) addition could decrease the Leydig cells and the testosterone level.

scholarly journals Testicular Morphological Changes Produced by Fluoroquinolones in Adult Male Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubina Iqbal ◽  
Saud Iqbal ◽  
Iram Atta
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats

AbstractObjectives:  The objective of this research work was to observe the testicular morphological changes produced by fluoroquinolones in the reproductive organs of adult male albino rats, and to see whether these changes are reversible after discontinuation of the drugs.Materials and Method:  Eighty adult male albino rats weighing 200 – 300 gms were randomly selected and divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C & D, having 20 animals in each group. A, B & C, were the experimental groups & D served as control group. All the groups were further divided into sub groups 1 & 2. Three fluoroquinolones i.e. Ciprofloxacin (135 mg / kg / day), Ofloxacin (75 mg / kg / day) & Enoxacin (12.5 mg / kg/ day) were given to the groups A, B & C respectively for 42 days. Animals of group D received dis-tilled water only. Animals of sub groups A1, B1, C1 &D1 were sacrificed on 42nd day and testicular tissue was obtained for morphological study. Animals of subgroups A2, B2, C2 & D2 were sacrificed on 84th day and testicular tissue for morphological changes was taken. No of leydig cells, height of epithelium and diameter of seminiferous tubules were taken as experimental parameters for morphological changes.Results:  The study indicated statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in height of epithelium, diameter of seminiferous tubules and no. of leydig cells in experimental groups as compared to the control groups.Conclusion:  The changes observed in morphology could lead to decrease in sperm count and testosterone levels. This study suggests gonadotoxic potentials of fluoroquinolones and adds concern to the indiscriminate and widespread use of fluoroquinolones and recommends more rational use of these drugs.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF RED DRAGON FRUIT SKIN EXTRACT (Hylocereus polyrhizus) ON THE NUMBER OF LEYDIG CELLS, DIAMETER OF SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, AND TESTICULAR WEIGHT OF MALE MICE (Mus musculus) EXPOSURED WITH HOT TEMPERATURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Kukuh Prastyaningtyas ◽  
Rochmah Kurnijasanti ◽  
Rahmi Sugihartuti ◽  
Suherni Susilowati ◽  
Tri Wahyu Suprayogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus

This study aims to determine the effect of red dragon (Hylocereus polyrhizus) fruit peel extract (RDFPE) on the parameters of Leydig cells number, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to heat (40°C). Twenty adult male mice were divided randomly into five groups. The control group (C) mice only received a placebo. Meanwhile, the treatment groups mice were exposed to heat for 45 minutes daily for 36 days and oral administration of placebo, RDFPE of 250, 500, and 1000mg/kg BW for T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The result showed that heat exposure on mice (T0 group) caused a lower of all of the parameters (p <0.05) than normal mice (control group, C). RDFPE administration at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW (T1 group) and 500 mg/kg BW (T2 group) resulted in a higher value of those parameters (p <0.05) compared to the T0 group. All those parameters of the T2 group (dose of 500 mg/kg BW) were not significantly different (p >0.05) than the control group (normal mice). However, the higher dose of RDFPE (1000 mg/kg BW, T3 group) resulted in the lower values of those parameters (p <0.05) than those of the T2 group. It could be concluded that 500mg/kg BW dose of RDFPE could return Leydig cells number, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to heat.

scholarly journals Expression of prostaglandin D synthetase during development in the mouse testis

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Baker ◽  
PJ O'Shaughnessy
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Mouse Testis ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Splice Isoforms ◽  
Neonatal Testis

Prostaglandin D synthetase is expressed relatively highly in the testis and reproductive tract of a number of species, including the mouse. In adult mouse testis, expression is confined largely to the Leydig cells and in this study changes in the expression and localization of prostaglandin D synthetase mRNA during testis development were examined. Initial studies using RT-PCR and isolated testicular compartments indicated that prostaglandin D synthetase expression in the neonatal testis was predominantly within the seminiferous tubules. In situ hybridization studies confirmed that prostaglandin D synthetase mRNA appears to be expressed only in the tubules of neonatal mouse testes and only in the interstitial tissue of the adult testis. TaqMan real-time PCR was used to quantify prostaglandin D synthetase mRNA content during development using an exogenous mRNA as a control standard. Expression per testis decreased after birth to < 10% at day 15 before recovering again by days 25-30. After day 30, expression per testis increased 40-fold during final development to adulthood. Studies using RT-PCR showed that early expression before day 15 was restricted to the tubular compartment, whereas the subsequent increase in expression after day 30 was restricted to the interstitial compartment. Database analysis showed that the 3' end of the prostaglandin D synthetase transcript was subject to alternate splicing. Both splice isoforms were shown by RT-PCR to be present throughout development and without a major change in expression pattern. These results indicate that expression of prostaglandin D synthetase mRNA shifts during development from the tubular compartment of the fetal or neonatal testis to the developing adult Leydig cells, with expression in the Leydig cells increasing markedly after puberty. These changes are similar to those observed for 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type III and may indicate that this developmental process is not uncommon in the testis.

scholarly journals Study of Testicular Structure in Fetuses with Prune Belly Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano A. Favorito ◽  
Suelen F. Costa ◽  
Waldemar S. Costa ◽  
Rodrigo Vieiralves ◽  
Fabio O. Bernardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prune Belly Syndrome ◽  
Prune Belly ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Picrosirius Red ◽  
Normal Controls

Purpose. To compare the structure of the testis in fetuses with prune belly syndrome (PBS) to normal controls.Materials and Methods. We studied 6 testes obtained from 3 fetuses with PBS and 14 testes from 7 male fetuses. The testicular specimens were cut into 5-μm thick sections and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), to observe the seminiferous tubules; Weigert’s solution to observe elastic fibers; and picrosirius red to observe collagen. The images were captured with an Olympus BX51 microscope and Olympus DP70 camera. The stereological analysis was done with the Image Pro and Image J programs. Means were statistically compared using the Mann–WhitneyUtest (p<0.005).Results. Quantitative analysis documented no differences (p=0.4) in number of seminiferous tubules (ST) in PBS testes (mean = 8.87%,SD=1.59), when compared to the control (mean = 11.4%,SD=2.99) and no differences (p=0.8) in diameter of ST in PBS testes (mean = 52.85 μm,SD=1.58) when compared to the control group (mean = 53.17 μm,SD=1.55), but we did observe a lower number (p=0.0002) of Leydig cells in the PBS testes (mean = 67.03% andSD=3.697) when compared to the control group (mean = 90.1% andSD=2.986).Conclusions. Our study showed a lower concentration of Leydig cells in the triad syndrome fetuses.

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