scholarly journals Evaluation of effects of selenium nanoparticles on Bacillus subtilis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-552
Author(s):  
N. O. Tymoshok ◽  
M. S. Kharchuk ◽  
V. G. Kaplunenko ◽  
V. S. Bityutskyy ◽  
S. I. Tsekhmistrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Active Substances

The present study was performed to characterize of selenium nanoparticles (Nano-Se) which were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids to obtain the aqueous selenium citrate solution. The study was conducted using bacteriological and electronic-microscopic methods. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and spectroscopy analyses demonstrated that nano-selenium particles obtained by the method of selenium ablation had the size of 4–8 nm. UV-Visible Spectrum colloidal solution Nano-Se exhibited absorption maxima at 210 nm. To clarify some effects of the action of Nano-Se on Bacillus subtilis, we investigated the interaction of Nano-Se with B. subtilis IMV B-7392 before and after incubation with Nano-Se, examining TEM images. It has been shown that exposure to B. subtilis IMV B-7392 in the presence of Nano-Se is accompanied by the rapid uptake of Nano-Se by bacterial culture. TEM analysis found that the electron-dense Nano-Se particles were located in the intracellular spaces of B. subtilis IMV B-7392. That does not lead to changes in cultural and morphological characteristics of B. subtilis IMV B-7392. Using TEM, it has been shown that penetration of nanoparticles in the internal compartments is accompanied with transient porosity of the cell membrane of B. subtilis IMV B-7392 without rupturing it. The effective concentration of Nano-Se 0.2 × 10–3 mg/mL was found to increase the yield of biologically active substances of B. subtilis. In order to create probiotic nano-selenium containing products, the nutrient medium of B. subtilis IMV B-7392 was enriched with Nano-Se at 0.2 × 10–3 mg/mL. It was found that particles Nano-Se are non-toxic to the culture and did not exhibit bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects. The experimentally demonstrated ability of B. subtilis to absorb selenium nanoparticles has opened up the possibility of using Nano-Se as suitable drug carriers.

scholarly journals Evaluating biological activity of folic acid-modified and 10-hydroxycamptothecin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Xia Zhao ◽  
Di-Feng Chen ◽  
Xue-Jie Zhao ◽  
Lin-Song Li ◽  
Yong-Fang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Folate Receptor ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drug Efficiency

Targeted nanocarrier can selectively deliver anti-tumor drugs to cancer sites improving drug efficiency. Accordingly, a targeted nanocarrier (MSN-FA) was synthesized based on folic acid (FA) modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). These loaded with 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) to obtain the nano-drug MSN-FA@HCPT. These nanocarriers were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Notably, the nanocarriers were nearly spherical before and after loading HCPT and exhibited good dispersibility. Also, folate receptor (FR) over-expressing HeLa cells and FR deficient HepG2 cells were used to evaluate in vitro cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of MSN-FA@HCPT and MSN@HCPT. Interestingly, FA-modified nanocarriers enhanced the cytotoxicity of HCPT by improving drug targeting to tumor cells. Also, apoptotic and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) reducing effects of MSN-FA@HCPT were more prominent than the MSNs without FA modification. MSN-FA@HCPT can be excellent drug carriers with profound biomedical applications.

Oxidation of Rolled and Flash Anodized 3000 Aluminum in Air, Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Carbon Dioxide Atmospheres

2011 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Darcy Stevens ◽  
Anne Kvithyld ◽  
Thorvald Abel Engh
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Total Oxidation ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Surface Versus ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rolled Surface

Thermal oxidation of a 3000 Al sheet rolled alloy was carried out in various atmospheres with a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The effect of a flash anodized surface versus an untreated rolled surface is investigated. All samples were oxidized for 4 hours at 800°C. Samples oxidized in air, 100 % CO2 and 50% CO2–50% air, showed no difference in total oxidation. The flash anodized samples oxidized in 10% CO2–90% air had approximately half of the mass gain of the rolled samples. Oxidation of anodized samples in pure oxygen and nitrogen showed a drastic decrease in the amount of mass gained compared to the other atmospheres. Flash anodized samples gave consistent results, and the oxidation behavior tended to be linear or S-shaped for the 4 hours investigated. Rolled samples gave less consistent data and tended to be decelerating curves. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis of the oxide layer before and after showed magnesium diffusion toward the surface of the sample, with a steep gradient over a distance of 400 µm. The flash anodized oxide layer was often difficult to find, having been removed during of the TEM sample preparation, but was found to double in size from 200 to 400 µm when located.

scholarly journals Modern Technologies for Producing Foamed Phosphate Glass for Oil Sorbents

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.G. Karapetyan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Active Substances

Abstract. The paper considers applications of foamed glassy phosphate materials as carriers of biologically active substances. The atomic layer deposition method allowed chemically synthesizing surface-modified composite materials based on graphite and carbon fibers, which maximally preserved the activity of enzymes and biologically active substances. The synthesis process of a mono-layer titanium-containing coating on the surface of graphite and carbon fibers by processing them with TiCl4 vapors is considered. The main characteristics of the graphite surface before and after modification and characteristics of the porous structure and surface of carbon fibers are obtained. Biologically active substances by adsorption from a solution to the surface of both the original and modified carriers were applied. biological activity and temperature stability of the obtained composite materials were studied. It is shown that the activity of a biologically active substance depends on the chemical composition and state of the surface of carbon-based carriers.

scholarly journals Polyfluorene-Based Multicolor Fluorescent Nanoparticles Activated by Temperature for Bioimaging and Drug Delivery

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rubio-Camacho ◽  
Yolanda Alacid ◽  
Ricardo Mallavia ◽  
María José Martínez-Tomé ◽  
C. Reyes Mateo
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Photophysical Properties ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Fluorescent Nanoparticles ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrophilic Drug ◽  
Thermosensitive Liposomes ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
The Stability

Multifunctional nanoparticles have been attracting growing attention in recent years because of their capability to integrate materials with different features in one entity, which leads them to be considered as the next generation of nanomedicine. In this work, we have taken advantage of the interesting properties of conjugated polyelectrolytes to develop multicolor fluorescent nanoparticles with integrating imaging and therapeutic functionalities. With this end, thermosensitive liposomes were coated with three recently synthesized polyfluorenes: copoly-((9,9-bis(6′-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl)-2,7-(fluorene)-alt-1,4-(phenylene)) bromide (HTMA-PFP), copoly-((9,9-bis(6′-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexyl)-2,7-(fluorene)-alt-4,7-(2- (phenyl)benzo(d) (1,2,3) triazole)) bromide (HTMA-PFBT) and copoly-((9,9-bis(6′-N,N,N- trimethylammonium)hexyl)-2,7-(fluorene)-alt-1,4-(naphtho(2,3c)-1,2,5-thiadiazole)) bromide (HTMA-PFNT), in order to obtain blue, green and red fluorescent drug carriers, respectively. The stability, size and morphology of the nanoparticles, as well as their thermotropic behavior and photophysical properties, have been characterized by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential, transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis and fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the suitability of the nanostructures to carry and release their contents when triggered by hyperthermia has been explored by using carboxyfluorescein as a hydrophilic drug model. Finally, preliminary experiments with mammalian cells demonstrate the capability of the nanoparticles to mark and visualize cells with different colors, evidencing their potential use for imaging and therapeutic applications.

The Effect of the Aqueous Suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris on Functional Systems in Healthy People

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Alexander Plakida ◽  
Olga Yushkovskaya ◽  
Alyona Filonenko ◽  
Sergey Gushcha
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction: There is a growing interest in biologically active food additives based on natural, environmentally friendly components. One of the most promising products in this area are biological additives created using the green freshwater alga Chlorella. Due to the high content of biologically active substances in it, the possibility of its use in preventive and therapeutic purposes was being considered. Aim: The aim of the study was to study the effect of the course of taking an aqueous suspension of a living culture of chlorella (Chlorella vulgaris) on the organism of healthy people. Material and Methods: The study involved 30 clinically healthy people, aged 17 to 66 years, 10 men and 20 women. The subjects took an aqueous suspension of live chlorella of Chlorella vulgaris strain IGF No. C-111 at a concentration of 19-34 million cells/ml, in an amount of 500 ml per day. The course of administration was 28 days. Before and after completion of the course, the following studies were carried out: anthropometry, a study of body composition, a study of physical performance (PWC170 test), a general blood test, and a biochemical blood test. Results: At the end of the course of administration, the vast majority of the subjects noted improvement in well-being. An increase in the hemodynamic efficiency of physical activity was recorded as well as increasing the immune properties of blood. No changes in lipid metabolism were observed.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Application against Bacillus Subtilis and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Thu Ha ◽  
Vu Xuan Hoa ◽  
Trinh Dinh Kha ◽  
Nguyen Dac Dien ◽  
Luong Duy Thanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
High Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

In this study, the stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by reducing silver nitrate (AgNO3) using trisodium citrate (TSC). The product was characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). UV-Vis spectrum showed a peak around 420 nm. TEM analysis revealed the homogeneity in the size of AgNPs (35-45 nm), well-dispersed quasi-spherical in water. The prepared AgNPs exhibited high antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The average zones of inhibition were 20 mm and 17 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis bacteria, respectively. The inhibition zone of AgNPs was also compared to the reference antibiotics drugs such as ampicillin and natamycin. This research exhibits an efficient and eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles with potent antimicrobial and antibacterial performance.

scholarly journals PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SULPHATE WASTE LIQUOR AFTER SOAP EXTRACTION IN THE PRESENCE OF SURFACTANTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 337-343
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Sergeyevna Yakubova ◽  
Elena Yur'yevna Demyantseva ◽  
Regina Smith Smith
Keyword(s):  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Spent Liquor ◽  
Active Substances

During the wood delignification a multicomponent spent liquor (black liquor) is formed. Depending on the type of wood, black liquor is enriched with valuable extractives. The isolation of extractives from processing liquors and their conversion into biologically active substances, tall products is according to development trend of pulp and paper industry. It includes the introduction of scientific based technologies in manufacturing processes with reference to modern environmental protection requirements. Now the extraction efficiency of sulphate soap does not exceed 75–80% whereby the quality of obtained soap is low. Sulphate soap, especially extracted after hardwood cooking, contains a large amount of impurities. This complicates the process of soap treatment into valuable biologically active substances (beta-sitosterol, etc.).  In the present work the addition of demulsifying and coagulating substances into the black liquor is proposed to intensify the hardwood sulphate soap extraction. The chemical colloidal characteristics of the obtained sulphate soap were investigated. Two critical micelle concentration (CMC) were found on the surface tension isotherms. The second critical micelle concentration (CMC2) in the concentration range of 0.9–1.0% CMC2 indicates the restructuring of micelles into a spherocylindrical shape. A comparative qualitative and quantitative analysis of the composition of sulfate soap obtained in industrial conditions and in the presence of selected additives in laboratory was carried out. Surfactants promote the extraction of phytosterol from black liquor obtained from hardwood species cooking. The influence of surfactant addition on the main physical and colloidal chemical characteristics of black liquor before and after isolation of sulphate soap is investigated. A decrease in viscosity and a de foaming of a black liquor solution is observed as a result of the addition of surfactant additives.

INFLUENCE OF BIOGENIC SUBSTANCES ADDING INTO MOLASSES SOLUTIONS ON THE EFFICIENCY OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES SYNTHESIS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.О. СЕМЕНИХИН ◽  
О.В. ВОРОБЬЕВА ◽  
М.В. БАБАКИНА ◽  
В.О. ГОРОДЕЦКИЙ
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
Vitamin B2 ◽  
Cryptococcus Curvatus ◽  
Vital Activity ◽  
Beet Molasses ◽  
Biogenic Substances ◽  
Active Substances

Побочный продукт сахарного производства – свекловичная меласса используется в микробиологической промышленности в качестве компонента высокопродуктивного субстрата для культивирования микроорганизмов, синтезирующих биологически активные вещества. На наш взгляд, перспективна предварительная подготовка мелассы путем ее насыщения биогенными веществами, повышающими эффективность жизнедеятельности микроорганизмов. Для подтверждения этого исследовано влияние внесения биогенных веществ в растворы свекловичной мелассы при их обработке на жизнедеятельность микроорганизмов, способствующих повышению синтеза витамина В2 и жиров. Объектами исследования были раствор свекловичной мелассы с массовой долей сухих веществ 78% и 3 штамма микроорганизмов – Bacillus subtilis B-501, Cryptococcus curvatus Y-2236 и Rhodotorula glutinis Y-332. Анализ исходного содержания макро- и микроэлементов в растворе свекловичной мелассы позволил установить, что содержащихся в мелассе биогенных веществ достаточно для жизнедеятельности Bacillus subtilis B-501 с удельной выработкой витамина В2 в количестве 0,019 г/г сахаров при степени утилизации сахаров 42,55%. Для повышения эффективности жизнедеятельности Rhodotorula glutinis Y-332 требуется внесение сульфатов железа FeSO4 и марганца MnSO4, которые способствуют увеличению удельной выработки жиров с 0,019 до 0,030 г/г сахара в каждом случае. Для повышения эффективности жизнедеятельности Cryptococcus curvatus Y-2236 требуется внесение сульфатов железа FeSO4 и марганца MnSO4, а также источников фосфора KH2PO4 и азота (NH4)2SO4. Внесение указанных биогенных веществ способствует повышению удельной выработки жиров с 0,011 до 0,015–0,020 г/г сахаров. A byproduct of sugar production – beet molasses is used in the microbiological industry as a component of a highly productive substrate for the cultivation of microorganisms that synthesize biologically active substances. In our opinion, the preliminary preparation of molasses by its saturation with biogenic substances to increase the efficiency of the vital activity of microorganisms is promising. To confirm this, the effect of introducing biogenic substances into the solution of beet molasses during their processing on the vital activity of microorganisms that contribute to the increase in the synthesis of vitamin B2 and fats has been studied. The objects of the study were a solution of beet molasses with a mass fraction of dry substances of 78% and 3 strains of microorganisms – Bacillus subtilis B-501, Cryptococcus curvatus Y-2236 and Rhodotorula glutinis Y-332. Analysis of the initial content of macro-and microelements in the solution of beet molasses allowed us to establish that the nutrients contained in the molasses are sufficient for the vital activity of Bacillus subtilis B-501 with a specific production of vitamin B2 in the amount of 0,019 g/g of sugars with a degree of sugar utilization of 42,55%. To improve the vital efficiency of the Rhodotorula glutinis Y-332, the addition of ferrous FeSO4 and manganese MnSO4 sulfates is required, which increase the fats specific production from 0,019 to 0,030 g/g of sugars in each case. To improve the vital efficiency of the Cryptococcus curvatus Y-2236 the addition of ferrous FeSO4 and manganese MnSO4 sulfates, as well as sources of phosphorus KH2PO4 and nitrogenium (NH4)2SO4is required. Adding these nutrients contributes the increase of fats specific production from 0,011 to 0,015–0,020 g/g of sugars.

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