scholarly journals Influence of immunomodulators of natural origin on cellular immunity indices in blood of broiler chicken under stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
S. Grabovskyi ◽  
O. Grabovska
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Alcohol Solution ◽  
T And B Lymphocytes ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Chicken Blood

The paper deals with researching of T- and B-lymphocytes relative quantity and functional activity in broiler chicken blood after using of animal origin immunomodulators in conditions of pre-slaughter stress. The authors determined the relative amount of T- and B-lymphocytes and their individual populations in the reaction of spontaneous rоsetting with the sheep erythrocytes in blood. Besides, the differentiated count of rоsetting lymphocytes with the various degree of functional activity was conducted. The spleen extract (70% alcohol solution in volume of 1.4 ml per chicken) was added to the diet of broiler chicken of experimental groups by aerosol method. This extract was obtained with/ without ultrasound application. 70% alcohol solution in the same volume and using the same method was added to the diet of broiler chicken of the control group five days before slaughter. The authors have not established probable increase of T-lymphocytes general quantity in broiler chicken blood in both experimental groups. It is shown that pre-slaughter stress in broiler chicken caused by weaning has immuno-suppressive effect on T- and B-lymphocytes in blood, which is accompanied by their quantity and functional activity decrease. T- and B-lymphocytes amount and functional activity of T- and B-cell immunity was stimulated after adding immunomodulators of natural origin to broiler chicken diet. Spleen extract polyamines as immunomodulators and antistressors most effectively influenced on some of cell immunity indices before slaughter – it is necessary to note the increase in T-helper lymphocytes in the broiler chickens blood caused by lymphocytes with medium (6–10) – by 18% (Р < 0.05) and high density receptors (М) – by 35% (Р < 0.05) compared to the control. It is shown that decrease of T-lymphocytes quantity in broiler chicken blood is caused by lymphocytes with law (3–5) – by 22% (Р < 0.01) and high (M) – by 11% (Р < 0.05) density receptors with increase of medium density receptors (6–10) – by 15% (Р < 0.05) compared to the control. The results obtained in the experiment can be used in the investigations of cell immunity indices of farm animals in order to increase the organism resistance and to correct their pre-slaughter stress. 

scholarly journals Activity of the T- and B-system of the cell immunity of animals under conditions of oxidation stress and effects of the liposomal drug

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Khariv ◽  
B. Gutyj ◽  
N. Ohorodnyuk ◽  
O. Vishchur ◽  
I. Khariv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
The Body ◽  
T And B Lymphocytes ◽  
Oxidation Stress ◽  
Liposomal Preparation ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of research on the influence of the elaborated complex immunotropic drug containing butafosfan, interferon, thistle and fat-soluble vitamins A, D3, E in the form of a liposomal emulsion on the activity of T- and B-cell chains of immunity in rats under the conditions of action on the body of oxidative stress are presented. It has been established that the introduction of 50% tetrachloromethane into the rats of the first and second experimental groups, with a dose of 0.25 ml per 100 g of body weight, causes oxidative stress in them which negatively affects the cellular immunity and functional activity of immunocompetent blood cells. Immunosuppressive effects of oxidative stress were manifested by a decrease in the blood of rats in the first and second experimental groups of the number of T- and B-lymphocytes and their regulatory subpopulations mainly on the 2nd and 5th day of the study. At the same time, in the blood of rats of the first experimental group in all research periods a decrease in the relative number of common, active and theophylline-resistant T-lymphocytes, as well as B-lymphocytes was observed with a noticeable increase in the number of their undifferentiated forms. At the same time, the obtained data suggest the positive effect of butafosfan, interferon, thistle and vitamins A, D3, E in the liposomal preparation on the relative amount of T- and B-lymphocytes and on the redistribution of avidity in the direction of strengthening the receptor field of plasma membranes immunocompetent cells. It was found that the normalization on the 2nd day of blood level in the second experimental group of common T-lymphocytes occurred due to the secondary forms of the blood and active T-lymphocytes by changes in the number of low-avid forms. In addition to the indicators characterizing the cellular immunity of rats, the components of the liposomal preparation showed regulatory influence on the humoral link of the immune response. In particular, on the 10th day of research in blood of rats of the second experimental group a tendency towards an increase in the relative number of B-lymphocytes and an increase in the number of cells with low and medium density of receptors was found, which, under the conditions of oxidative stress, indicates an increase in the body's ability to actively synthesize protective antibodies

scholarly journals Inducible Polarized Secretion of Exosomes in T and B Lymphocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Calvo ◽  
Manuel Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Synaptic Cleft ◽  
T And B Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Surface Receptors ◽  
Microtubule Organization ◽  
Cell Receptors ◽  
Surface Receptors

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EV) of endosomal origin (multivesicular bodies, MVB) constitutively released by many different eukaryotic cells by fusion of MVB to the plasma membrane. However, inducible exosome secretion controlled by cell surface receptors is restricted to very few cell types and a limited number of cell surface receptors. Among these, exosome secretion is induced in T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes when stimulated at the immune synapse (IS) via T-cell receptors (TCR) and B-cell receptors (BCR), respectively. IS formation by T and B lymphocytes constitutes a crucial event involved in antigen-specific, cellular, and humoral immune responses. Upon IS formation by T and B lymphocytes with antigen-presenting cells (APC), the convergence of MVB towards the microtubule organization center (MTOC), and MTOC polarization to the IS, are involved in polarized exosome secretion at the synaptic cleft. This specialized mechanism provides the immune system with a finely-tuned strategy to increase the specificity and efficiency of crucial secretory effector functions of B and T lymphocytes. As inducible exosome secretion by antigen-receptors is a critical and unique feature of the immune system this review considers the study of the traffic events leading to polarized exosome secretion at the IS and some of their biological consequences.

scholarly journals The condition of piglet immune system during post-weaning period depending on the sex and stress-reactivity

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
N. V. Efanova ◽  
V. V. Gart ◽  
К. V. Zhuchaev ◽  
L. M. Osina ◽  
S. V. Batalova
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune System ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Helper T Cells ◽  
T And B Lymphocytes ◽  
Antibody Synthesis ◽  
Igg Synthesis ◽  
High Proliferative Activity

The immune system of 90-day old piglets of SM-1 Novosibirsk breed piglets depends on sex and stress-reactivity. Stress-reactivity was measured using halothane test. The immunologic testing was performed 30 days after weaning. Our results show that overall piglet immune system demonstrated high proliferative activity of T- and B- immunocompetent cells with active formation of mature active T-and B-lymphocytes and did not show signs of immunosuppression. Compared to guilts, barrows had higher concentration of leucocytes, T-and B-lymphocytes, killer-supressor T-cells, activated and poorly differentiated T-lymphocytes. Gilts had higher production of inductor-helper T-cells, IgM and IgG when compared to barrows. Stress-resistant piglets had higher concentration of B-lymphocytes, IgM and IgG whereas stress-sensitive piglets had higher concentration of T-lymphocytes, supressor-killer T-cells and thymus T-lymphocytes. Gilts had higher concentration of inductor-helper T-cells than killer-supressor T-cells. Gilts overall had intensive antibody synthesis, however, stress-resistant gilts had higher IgG synthesis compared to stress-sensitive gilts. In barrows immature T-lymphocytes differentiated mainly into killer-supressor T-cells. The adaptivity of barrow immune system was characterized by high circulatory B-lymphocytes and IgM. Stress-sensitive barrows had lower antibody synthesis levels and higher T-lymphophoesis compared to stress-resistant barrows. 

ENTRIKIM THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY IN PIGS WITH ENZOOTIC PNEUMONIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1260-1269
Author(s):  
M.M. Ligidova ◽  
◽  
L.P. Padilo ◽  
A.A. Gusev ◽  
V.A. Agoltsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Enzootic Pneumonia ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Ig G ◽  
Chronic Course

The number of T-lymphocytes in the subacute course decreases to 28.9±1.4% and in the chronic course it increased to 69.1±1.2%. However, against the background of lymphopenia, the absolute value of lymphocytes also decreased to 0.70±0.038·109 /l in the acute form of the disease. In chronic pneumonia, the number of lymphocytes was at the level of 0.44±0.04·109 /l. The T-x/T-c ratio also changed, depending on the form of enzootic pneumonia. With subacute – 1.7, and with chronic – 2.28. The entrikim treatment of piglets with a subacute course carried out for 7 days and a blood test 5 days after the implementation of sanitation showed that the number of Tlymphocytes increased twofold to 1.40±0.04·109 /l, while the Tx/Tc ratio was 2, 28, which corresponds to the physiological norm. After the treatment of piglets with a chronic course, all analyzed parameters characterizing the state of T-cell immunity testified to its normal functioning. A decrease in the total number of T-lymphocytes, individual EAK populations, indicate a depressive state of lymphopoiesis. A decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes to 0.44±0.04·109 /l in chronic course up to indicates a deep suppression of cellular immunity. In the subacute form of the disease, the number of B-lymphocytes decreased to 14.07±1.92%, but increased to 32.64±0.3% in the chronic course. But against the background of lymphopenia in subacute form, the absolute value of lymphocytes decreased to 0.36±0.04·109 /l, and in chronic lymphopenia to 0.20±0.06·109 /l. In the subacute form of the disease, the content of Ig A (1.49±0.03 mg/ml) and Ig G (1.39±0.02 mg/ml) does not differ from healthy animals, but a low level of Ig M (11.0±0.12 mg/ml) indicates a negative effect of mycoplasmas on humoral immunity. In chronic course, there is a sharp decrease (by 30%) Ig A to 1.49±0.03 and vice versa, a sharp increase by 30% in the Ig G content (11.8±011 mg/ml). After treatment of piglets with a subacute course of the disease, the number of B-lymphocytes increased by 2 times, and after treatment with m with a chronic course of the disease, by 3.5 times to 0.70±0.04·109 /L. The use of entrikim has a positive effect on humoral immunity, as the amount of Ig G increases by 45%. The therapeutic efficacy of entrikim increases due to the synergistic interaction of enrofloxacin, trimethoprim and tilmicosin phosphate. The therapeutic efficacy of entrikim in the subacute course was 90.7%, and in the chronic one – 74.4%.

scholarly journals Influence of seasonal factors on carp fish immune reactivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
O. P. Rudenko ◽  
R. P. Paranyak ◽  
N. A. Kovalchuk ◽  
L. P. Kit ◽  
N. I. Hranovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Receptor Density ◽  
Seasonal Factors ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation ◽  
Carp Fish

The article presents data about influence of seasonal factors on immune reactivity in carp scaly, carp framey, and carp. We studied the blood that was taken from the heart of fish in different seasons: spring (May), summer (August) and autumn (October). The research was carried out at the Lviv department of the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Science, Velykyj Ljubin in three groups of two-year-old fish. The received data give reason to think that the number of T- and B-lymphocytes in the blood of carp fish and their functional activity to a large extent depends on the influence of seasonal factors (temperature of the medium, oxygen concentration, duration of light day). This is points to the probable increase in the number of T-lymphocytes (common, active, theophylline-sensitive and theophylline-resistant) and a decrease in B-lymphocytes in the blood of investigated fish in the summer and, especially in the autumn period of research. In this case, an increase in the functional activity of T-lymphocytes was revealed due to the redistribution of the receptor apparatus of the immunocompetent cells. In particular, a reduction in the number of blood of inactive T-lymphocytes in functionally and an increase in cells with low and medium receptor density. Regarding the degree of differentiation of B-lymphocytes, the decrease in their amount in the blood of the studied individuals occurred due to the increase of “zero” and low-conductivity EAS-RUL and reduction of the subpopulation with average receptor density. We suggested that the abiotic factors can modulate the immune response of carp fish.

scholarly journals Efficacy of nucleotide biocorrector derived from baking yeast of the Saccharomyces cerevis genus in patients with lung tuberculosis

2007 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
E. V. Orlova ◽  
V. S. Orlova ◽  
V. Ya. Gergert
Keyword(s):  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Combined Chemotherapy ◽  
Standard Chemotherapy ◽  
Lung Tuberculosis ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Immunological Examination ◽  
Laboratory Investigations

There is information on efficacy of immunostimulating agents as a part of therapy of lung tuberculosis. Nucleotide biocorrector is a mixture of nucleotides and nucleosides derived from baking yeast of the Saccharomyces cerevis genus and presenting wide immunomodulating properties. The aim of this study was to investigate efficacy of this agent along with combined chemotherapy in 52 patients with destructive lung tuberculosis. Of them, 27 patients were treated with nucleotide biocorrector (3 g per day orally during 1 month) and conventional chemotherapeutic medication (the study group) and 25 patients (the control group) received equal chemotherapy alone. All the patients were MBT-positive. Immunological examination (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, СD16+, and CD20+ lymphocytes and their functional activity, anti-MBT-antibodies) was done before and 1 month after starting the treatment; clinical, radiological and laboratory investigations were performed at the same time and additionally in 3 month. Addition of biocorrector to the standard chemotherapy of lung tuberculosis allowed faster normalization of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes, enhanced functional activity of T-cell immunity and increased number of CD20+ B-lymphocytes. Moreover, this therapy has facilitated resolution of lung infiltration, eradication of MBT and recovery of tuberculous cavities by the 3rd month of the treatment. Tolerability of biocorrector was good.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE PHENOTYPE OF REGULATORY T CELLS IN EARLY AND ADVANCED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
A. S. Avdeeva ◽  
Yu. P. Rubtsov ◽  
T. V. Popkova ◽  
D. T. Dyikanov ◽  
A. P. Aleksankin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Early Ra ◽  
Cd4 Lymphocyte

Objective: to analyze the levels of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, and CD3-CD56+ T lymphocytes, FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg), and CD19+ B lymphocytes in patients with early and advanced rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 45 patients previously untreated with methotrexate (MTX-naive) who had early RA and 15 patients who had advanced RA. Immunofluorescence staining and multicolor flow cytometry assays were used to estimate the percentage and absolute (abs) counts of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD3-CD16+CD56+, CD19+, Treg(FoxP3+CD25+; surface CD152+; intracellular CD152+; FoxP3+CD127; CD25+CD127-; FoxP3+ICOS+; FoxP3+CD154+; and FoxP3+CD274+. Results and discussion. The patients with early RA were found to have a lower percentage of FoxP3+CD25+ cells and lower percentages and abs counts of FoxP3+ ICOS+ cells, FoxP3+CD154+ cells, and FoxP3+ CD274+ T cells than healthy donors (p<0.05 in all cases). The patients with advanced RA were also recorded to have a lower percentage of FoxP3+CD25+ cells and lower percentages and abs contents of FoxP3+ ICOS+ cells, FoxP3+CD154+ cells, and FoxP3+ CD274+ T cells (p><0.05 in all cases). The patients with advanced RA compared to those with early RA had a higher content of CD4+ lymphocytes (50.7 [44.4; 53.1] and 45.0 [38.0; 49.2]) and lower percentages of CD25+CD127- T lymphocytes (5.0 [4.0; 5.7] and 6.5 [5.1; 7.9] respectively; p><0.05 in all cases). Conclusion. Patients with RA (with the early or advanced stage of the disease) show a decrease in both the counts and functional activity of Treg. The patients with advanced RA compared with those with early RA showed an increase in CD4+ lymphocyte counts and a decrease in CD25+CD127- cell levels, which suggests that there are more pronounced impairments in Treg homeostasis in advanced RA. Keywords: early rheumatoid arthritis; T lymphocytes; B lymphocytes; regulatory T cells><0.05 in all cases). The patients with advanced RA were also recorded to have a lower percentage of FoxP3+CD25+ cells and lower percentages and abs contents of FoxP3+ ICOS+ cells, FoxP3+CD154+ cells, and FoxP3+ CD274+ T cells (p<0.05 in all cases). The patients with advanced RA compared to those with early RA had a higher content of CD4+ lymphocytes (50.7 [44.4; 53.1] and 45.0 [38.0; 49.2]) and lower percentages of CD25+CD127- T lymphocytes (5.0 [4.0; 5.7] and 6.5 [5.1; 7.9] respectively; p><0.05 in all cases). Conclusion. Patients with RA (with the early or advanced stage of the disease) show a decrease in both the counts and functional activity of Treg. The patients with advanced RA compared with those with early RA showed an increase in CD4+ lymphocyte counts and a decrease in CD25+CD127- cell levels, which suggests that there are more pronounced impairments in Treg homeostasis in advanced RA. Keywords: early rheumatoid arthritis; T lymphocytes; B lymphocytes; regulatory T cells><0.05 in all cases). The patients with advanced RA compared to those with early RA had a higher content of CD4+ lymphocytes (50.7 [44.4; 53.1] and 45.0 [38.0; 49.2]) and lower percentages of CD25+CD127- T lymphocytes (5.0 [4.0; 5.7] and 6.5 [5.1; 7.9] respectively; p<0.05 in all cases). Conclusion. Patients with RA (with the early or advanced stage of the disease) show a decrease in both the counts and functional activity of Treg. The patients with advanced RA compared with those with early RA showed an increase in CD4+ lymphocyte counts and a decrease in CD25+CD127- cell levels, which suggests that there are more pronounced impairments in Treg homeostasis in advanced RA. Keywords: early rheumatoid arthritis; T lymphocytes; B lymphocytes; regulatory T cells><0.05 in all cases). Conclusion. Patients with RA (with the early or advanced stage of the disease) show a decrease in both the counts and functional activity of Treg. The patients with advanced RA compared with those with early RA showed an increase in CD4+ lymphocyte counts and a decrease in CD25+CD127- cell levels, which suggests that there are more pronounced impairments in Treghomeostasis in advanced RA. 

Effect of antiserotonin antibodies on functional activity of T and B lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages

1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Davydova ◽  
V. A. Evseev ◽  
V. G. Fomina ◽  
L. A. Basharova ◽  
O. I. Mikovskaya
Keyword(s):  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
T And B Lymphocytes ◽  
Antiserotonin Antibodies
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