scholarly journals Pathogenic aspects of acute cholangitis

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
V. Borisenko ◽  
S. Belov ◽  
I. Sorokina ◽  
N. Gorgol
Keyword(s):  
Acute Cholangitis ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Biliary Duct ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Open Laparotomy ◽  
Biliary Ducts ◽  
Membrane Lesion

The research is aimed at the study of dynamic pathomorphological changes of choledoch and acute cholangitis development factors determined during the experiment. 36 rats of Wistar line were under trial. The main group consisted of 30 animals undergoing the open laparotomy, choledoch ligation and puncture modeling of acute cholangitis by E. coli culture in 1 х 108 CFU/ml concentration under general anesthesia. 6 healthy rats were included in the control group. Samples of general biliary duct under autopsy for pathomorphological study were taken on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 30th day. In panoramic samples colored by hematoxilin and eozin the degree of dystrophic, necrobiotic, hemodynamic, inflammatory and atrophic manifestations’ changes were studied. Average depth of choledoch wall and height of its epithelial lining were morphometrically estimated. Collagen of the IV type as well as expressing receptors to CD34 were defined with the help of monoclonal antibodies in choledoch epithelial cells of basal membranes and choledoch vessels endotheliocytes. In choledoch, enhancement of edema and inflammatory infiltration by lymphoplasmocytic elements with the admixture of neutrofils with granulation tissue was detected from the 3rd up to the 30th day of the experiment. From the 14th day formation of bile clots of blood was detected in choledoch clearance, part of which was locked to its de-epitheliolized internal surface. According to morphometrical study data, choledoch wall depth increased from 261.1 ± 3.13 µm on the 3rd day to 572.5 ± 3.42 µm on the 30th day of the experiment. Mucosa membrane has lost its folding on the 14th day, epitheliocytes flattening was replaced by their destruction with fragments rejection into the duct lumen by the 30th day of the experiment. The epithelium height index decreased from 14.8 ± 0.09 µm on the 3rd day to 11.7 ± 0.15 µm on the 30 day of the experiment. Collagen of the IV type fluorescence intensity of vessel basal membranes from the 3rd day closely matched the control, its enhancement was detected by the 30th day. Choledoch epitheliocytes fluorescence, expressing the receptors to CD34 reliably decreased by the 30th day of the study. In its turn, content of collagen of the IV tyre, as well as vessels endothelium expression in preparations treated by PQA to CD34 reliably increased by the 30th day of the experiment. Thus, in pathogenesis of acute cholangitis apart from well-known factors such as cholestasis and infection the third factor was detected, in the way of biliary ducts mucosa membrane lesion. In morphogenesis of choledoch mucosa membrane lesion the decrease in role of epitheliocytes adhesive properties was stated as well as deficit of collagen of the IV type in the structure of epithelial basal membranes. During observations where epithelial covering consistency was preserved, inflammatory changes in choledoch were insignificant, which is proved by sufficient resistance of biliary ducts epithelium to infection in the presence of cholestasis and bacteriocholia, but in cases when mucosa membrane de-epitheliolization took place the development of severe purulent-destructive cholangitis and pericholangitis was detected. 

Structured Encounter Form: The Impact on Provider Performance and Recording of Well-Child Care

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kaszuba Duggan ◽  
Barbara Starfield ◽  
Catherine DeAngelis
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Provider Performance ◽  
Well Child Care ◽  
Hospital Pediatric ◽  
The Impact

The impact of record format on provider performance and recording of the process of care and their concordance were examined in this study. The process of care was defined by existing sets of explicit criteria developed for quality assessment. The study was conducted in an urban teaching hospital pediatric primary care clinic. Housestaff were encouraged, but not required, to use the clinic's structured, age-specific forms for recording well-child care. Performance and recording were compared during required well-child visits using the structured form and those using the basic clinic form. Study data from 1031 visits to 68 housestaff during a 14-month period were collected using medical record abstracting of all visits and direct observation of 243 of them. Twenty-three of the providers were assigned randomly to an unobserved control group to assess the effect of observation on recording. Use of the structured form was associated with significantly higher levels of both recorded and observed performance. When performance could be merely checked off to document performance, overdocumentation was found. Record-based estimates of performance were more accurate during visits when the structured form was used. Record format can improve provider performance and recording of the process of care.

scholarly journals URINARY RETENTION EFFECT IN THE INCREASED OF PSA EXPRESSION WITHIN PROSTATIC TISSUE

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahjoe Djatisoesanto ◽  
Doddy M Soebadi ◽  
I Ketut Sudiana
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Prostatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Prostatic Gland

Objective: To determine whether the increased of PSA expression within prostatic tissue and subsequent systemic blood circulation in acute urinary retention cases of nonmalignant origin were caused by acute inflammation on the prostatic gland. Following this inflammation, PSA willincrease, producing byacinar epitelial cells in the gland and continue to capillary vessels before entering the blood circulation. Material & method: Thirty male Rattus Norvegicus were randomly allocated into 3 groups. A control group underwent urethral manipulation, treatment-1 group and -2 group underwent proximal urethral ligation. Prostatectomy was performed after 24 hours in the control and treatment-1 group. Ligation was removed after 24 hours in treatment-2 group, and prostatectomy performed after 4x24 hours. Each prostate specimen was examined for PSA expression by immunohistochemistry methods in the prostatic gland. Statistical analysis of study data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and performed ANOVA with level of significance α = 0.01.Results: Study results showed an increase PSA expression significantly after urinary retention and returned to normal values four days later after relief of retention.Conclusion: Urinary retention caused acute inflammation on the prostatic gland and increased PSA expression within prostatic tissue. Entry of PSA into stroma and subsequent systemic blood circulation occur through significant increase in PSA production by acinar epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Visualization of biliary ducts while doing laparoscopy, using HEV LapVision

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
О. V. Ogurtsov ◽  
О. V. Lukavetskyy
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Cystic Duct ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Biliary Tree ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Biliary Duct ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Fluorescent Cholangiography ◽  
Biliary Ducts ◽  
Intraoperative Visualization

Objective. To determine efficacy of intraoperative visualization of biliary tree, using fluorescent cholangiography (FCH) and a high–energy visible laparoscopy vison (HEV LapVison) while laparoscopic cholecystectomy performance (LCHE). Маterials and methods. In 25 patients LCHE was performed. Preoperatively fluorescein was injected intravenously for guaranteeing of the FCH performance. HEV LapVison was applied for intraoperative visualization of fluorescence. Results. Visualization of the cystic duct and its inflow into common biliary duct was guaranteed in 90% patientsх. In 13 (52%) patients the anatomic picture was typical while in 7 (28%) some variants were observed: a parallel course of cystic duct and common biliary duct, and low level of the cystic duct inflow into hepaticocholedochus. Conclusion. FCH is a simple procedure for intraoperative navigation doing and guaranteeing of «critical view on security» while performance of LCHE. FCH together with HEV LapVison constitutes a new surgical procedure, making possible revealing of extrahepatic biliary ducts. This method may be applied as additional one while doing LCHE, preventing damage of biliary ducts.

scholarly journals A rare cause of biliary obstruction – intraductal neuroendocrine tumor of the right hepatic biliary duct: a case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirela Danila ◽  
Roxana Sirli ◽  
Alina Popescu ◽  
Nicoleta Iacob ◽  
Ana-Maria Ghiuchici
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Biliary Obstruction ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Hepatic Duct ◽  
Biliary Duct ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Additional Imaging ◽  
Biliary Ducts ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
The Right

Primary biliary tract neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are extremely rare tumors that account for 0.2-2% of all gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. The typical presentation is with jaundice and other symptoms related to biliary obstruction.We present a case of right hepatic duct NET in a 27-year-old female patient, asymptomatic, presented for a routine ultrasound examination that revealed moderate dilatation of the intrahepatic biliary ducts and a 20 mm hyperechoic lesion in the right hepatic biliary duct. Additional imaging was performed with the presumptive diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. After surgery, the histopathological and immunohistochemical report was conclusive for the diagnosis of G2 well-differentiated NET

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penggunaan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Eksperimen Laju Reaksi Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas XI MIA SMAN 4 Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Margarita Claudya Maida ◽  
Bayharti Bayharti ◽  
Andromeda Andromeda
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Guided Inquiry ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Quasi Experimental

This study aims to reveal the effect of using guided inquiry based experiment worksheet on reaction rate topic on students� learning outcome. This research is a quasi-experimental research, using randomized Posttest Only Control Group Design. The research sample consisted of two classes, namely the experiment class and control class obtained through cluster sampling technique. The population were students of class XI MIA SMAN 4 Padang as much as 6 classes, the academic year 2015/2016. Sample were class XI MIA 1 (experimental group) and class XI MIA 3 (control group). Learning outcome ware collected by tests at the end of the study. Data analysis showed that the experiments class learning with guided inquiry based experiment worksheet got learning outcome with average value of 86.27. Meanwhile learning outcomes of student in control class who learned without guided inquiry based experiment worksheet was 74.40. Both of Normality and Homogenous�s results showed that the distribution of the two experimental classes were normal and homogeneous. After the t-test on the real level of 0.05 was found that tcount is greater than ttable. It�s means that research hypothesis (H1) is accepted, so that it can be concluded that the results of student learning using student worksheet guided inquiry-based reaction rate is significantly higher than the student worksheet without a reaction rate-based guided inquiry.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Teh Buah Mengkudu Dalam Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Lansia Dengan Hipertensi (Studi di UPTD. Griya Werdha Kota Surabaya Tahun 2018)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Arum Reyan Safitri ◽  
Rita Ismawati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design

Background: Hypertension is the silent disease which a person will not know if he has increased blood pressure. The incidence rate of hypertension is very high especially in the elderly population over 60 years. Hypertension management can be done in pharmacological ways such as medicines and can use natural ingredients in lowering blood pressure that is by utilizing the noni fruit.Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Noni fruit tea in lowering elderly blood pressure with hypertensionMethod: This research was quasy experimental throug with Pretest-Postest Control Group Design design. Determination of research sample by using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample of the study was 34 respondents divided into two groups. Intervention of Noni fruit tea given as much as 5 gram for 30 days with frequency of giving 2 times a day in the morning and afternoon. Blood pressuremeasurement was performed at the beginning of the study and at the end of the study. Data were analysed using wilcoxon test and Mann Whitney test.Result: Mann Whitney test results showed that there was significant effect after the intervention of noni fruit tea in treatment group compared with control group with systolic blood pressure value (p =0.000171) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.000480) with α = 0.05Conclusions: Blood pressure in the treatment group after the intervention of noni fruit tea decreased blood pressure compared with the control group. It is Suggested of research, need to do periodic nutrition education and giving noni fruit tea as alternative medicine that effectively decrease hypertension, scheduled.ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Hipertensi merupakan the silent disease dimana seseorang tidak akan mengetahui jika dirinya mengalami peningkatan tekanan darah. Angka insiden hipertensi sangat tinggi terutama pada populasi lanjut usia diatas 60 tahun. Penatalaksaan hipertensi dapat dilakukan dengan cara farmakologis seperti obat-obatan serta dapat menggunakan bahan alami dalam menurunkan tekanan darah yaitu dengan memanfaatkan buah mengkudu.Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektifitas teh buah mengkudu dalam menurunkan tekanan darah lansia dengan hipertensiMetode : Penelitian ini bersifat quasy eksperimental dengan desain Pretest-Postest Control Group Design. Penentuan sampel penelitian dengan menggunakan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 34 responden yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Intervensi teh buah mengkudu diberikan sebanyak 5 gram selama 30 hari dengan frekuensi pemberian 2 kali sehari pada pagi dan sore hari. Pengukuran tekanan darah darah dilakukan pada awal penelitian dan di akhir penelitian. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji wilcoxon dan uji Mann Whitney.Hasil : Hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan sesudah intervensi teh buah mengkudu pada kelompok perlakuan dibandingkan kelompok kontrol dengan nilai tekanan darah sistolik (p=0.000171) dan tekanan darah diastolik (p=0,000480) dengan α=0.05Kesimpulan : Tekanan darah pada kelompok perlakuan susudah intervensi teh buah mengkudu mengalami penurunan tekanan darah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Saran penelitian, perlu dilakukan pendidikan gizi secara berkala dan pemberian teh buah mengkudu sebagai obat alternatif yang efektif menurunkan hipertensi, secara terjadwal.

Combined but not single administration of vitamin C and l-carnitine ameliorates cisplatin-induced gastric mucosa damage in male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Modinat Adebukola Adefisayo ◽  
Wale Johnson Adeyemi ◽  
Quadri Kunle Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Gastric Mucosa Damage

Although cisplatin is a potent anticancer drug, it instigates oxidative and pro-inflammatory reactions that pose significant and distressing clinical symptoms. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of vitamin C and (or) l-carnitine on cisplatin-induced gastric mucosa damage in rat. The rats were allocated into 6 groups (n = 5). The control group received distilled water, while the treatment groups received cisplatin alone (CIP), or cisplatin with vitamin C, l-carnitine, or their combination. Cisplatin caused disruption of the gastric mucosa histoarchitecture and altered the mucus barrier function. Moreover, the stomach tissue of the CIP-treated group showed increased levels of oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and H2O2) and decreased activities of antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase) and non-antioxidant (reduced glutathione) enzymes. These deleterious events were accompanied with significant increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory infiltration markers, myeloperoxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase. However, the administration of both vitamin C and l-carnitine, and not either of the two showed additive effects in attenuating the adverse effects of cisplatin. The histological results agreed with the biochemical assays. The study concluded that the combined administration of vitamin C and l-carnitine, but not the single therapy, could prevent the adverse effects of cisplatin on gastric tissue.

scholarly journals Association between sleep quality and obesity in adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nova juliana Sagala ◽  
Sri Sofyani ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Obese Adolescents

Background Sleep quality can be measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). One component of the PSQI is duration of sleep, which is often highly inadequate in adolescents. Inadequate sleep may lead to obesity in adolescents.Objective To assess for an association between sleep quality and incidence of obesity in adolescents.Methods This case–control study was conducted at Santo Thomas I Senior High School, Medan, North Sumatera,  from July to August 2015. A total of 227 adolescents were divided into two groups: the case group consisting of 101 obese adolescents and the control group consisting of 126 non-obese adolescents. Study data was collected by questionnaires and PSQI. We interviewed subjects on their food consumption for the three days prior and calculated their average caloric intake. The data were analyzed by non-paired T-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, and multivariate analyses.Results There was a significant association between sleep quality and obesity [OR 3.87 (95%CI 1.920 to 7.829)]. Median PSQI (range) score in the obese group was significantly higher than in the non-obese group [6.00 (2-16) vs. 5.00 (2-12), respectively (P=0.0001)]. In addition, sleep latency (P=0.002) and sleep duration (P=0.0001) were significantly different between groups. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between poor sleep quality and high caloric intake.Conclusion Sleep duration in obese adolescents is significantly shorter than that in non-obese adolescents. In addition, sleep latency in obese adolescents was significantly longer than that in non-obese adolescents.

Evaluation of physical and adhesive properties of enamel after a therapeutic dose of radiation and bonding of orthodontic metal brackets: an in vitro study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
A. Anushree ◽  
Ashutosh Shetty ◽  
Crystal Runa Soans ◽  
M. N. Kuttappa ◽  
Akhil Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Adhesive Remnant Index ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets and adhesive properties of bonded irradiated and non-irradiated teeth. Methods: Sixty-six extracted premolar samples were randomly divided into three groups—(a) Control group consisting of 22 non-irradiated, non-aged teeth (Group 1), (b) 22 non-irradiated, aged samples (Group 2) and (c) 22 irradiated, aged samples (Group 3). Irradiation was done using gamma irradiation with a fractionated dose of 60 Gy for 5 consecutive days per week over 6 weeks. Metal brackets were bonded on all samples with light cure adhesive and subjected to SBS test using universal testing machine. The samples were assessed under the scanning electron microscope to check for the adhesive remnant index (ARI) and tag depth. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in the mean SBS of the irradiated samples compared to the non-irradiated teeth. The non-irradiated, aged samples showed a majority of ARI scoring 1 and 2. Whereas, the irradiated samples showed ARI scoring 2 and 3. Approximately, 77·3% of the non-irradiated samples showed no adhesive present on the tooth surface, and 27·2% of the irradiated samples had more than 50% adhesive present on the enamel surface. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant decrease in SBS of irradiated enamel compared to that of non-irradiated teeth. However, the SBS observed in the three groups was well above the ideal SBS for orthodontic bonding, that is, 5·6–6·8 MPa. The adhesive remnant was found on all samples of the irradiated group. Deeper adhesive resin tags were found in the irradiated group in the resin–enamel interface.

Teaching Decision-Making Skills to a Sixth Grade Population

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hammes ◽  
Dan Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
School Health ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Resistance To Persuasion ◽  
Sixth Grade Students

The purpose of the study was to determine whether sixth grade students could learn resistance to persuasion skills (RPS) and identify those skills after viewing a videotape where child actors responded to group pressure to smoke. Also to determine if a child's self-concept and/or social status is associated with his/her ability to learn the RPS. Subjects for the study were sixth grade students ( N = 95) in four elementary schools. Two classes consisting of fifty-four subjects were randomly assigned to the control group. A randomized pretest-posttest control group design was used as the research format for the study. Data were analyzed using the Mantel Haenszel Chi Square statistic and the Analysis of Variance. Findings suggest that resistance to persuasion skills can be taught and successfully learned in a school health education environment, and that a child's self-concept and social status is not associated with learning RPS. Command of such skills may induce in young students greater independence from high pressure tactics often used by associates in social settings.

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