scholarly journals URINARY RETENTION EFFECT IN THE INCREASED OF PSA EXPRESSION WITHIN PROSTATIC TISSUE

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahjoe Djatisoesanto ◽  
Doddy M Soebadi ◽  
I Ketut Sudiana
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Prostatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Prostatic Gland

Objective: To determine whether the increased of PSA expression within prostatic tissue and subsequent systemic blood circulation in acute urinary retention cases of nonmalignant origin were caused by acute inflammation on the prostatic gland. Following this inflammation, PSA willincrease, producing byacinar epitelial cells in the gland and continue to capillary vessels before entering the blood circulation. Material & method: Thirty male Rattus Norvegicus were randomly allocated into 3 groups. A control group underwent urethral manipulation, treatment-1 group and -2 group underwent proximal urethral ligation. Prostatectomy was performed after 24 hours in the control and treatment-1 group. Ligation was removed after 24 hours in treatment-2 group, and prostatectomy performed after 4x24 hours. Each prostate specimen was examined for PSA expression by immunohistochemistry methods in the prostatic gland. Statistical analysis of study data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and performed ANOVA with level of significance α = 0.01.Results: Study results showed an increase PSA expression significantly after urinary retention and returned to normal values four days later after relief of retention.Conclusion: Urinary retention caused acute inflammation on the prostatic gland and increased PSA expression within prostatic tissue. Entry of PSA into stroma and subsequent systemic blood circulation occur through significant increase in PSA production by acinar epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Effects of Advance Organizers on Students’ Achievement in Biology in Secondary Schools in Kilifi County, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Kevin K. Omondi ◽  
Fred N. Keraro ◽  
Zephania O. Anditi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Advance Organizers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control

<p><em>This study investigated the effects of using advance organizers on students’ achievement in biology in secondary schools in Kilifi County. </em><em>Solomon Four, Non-Equivalent control group design was used in this study. The study targeted all secondary school students in Kilifi County. The accessible population consisted of all form two students in Kilifi County. Purposive sampling was used to select four co-educational secondary schools in Kilifi County. The four schools were randomly assigned to experimental groups (E<sub>1</sub>) and (E<sub>2</sub>) and control groups C<sub>1</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>. A total of 156 students participated in the study. Data was collected using Biology Achievement Test (BAT). The reliability of BAT was estimated using Kuder-Richardson (K-R) 20 and Cronbach’s coefficient. This yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.82 and 0.79 respectively. BAT was validated by experts in science education from Egerton University. The data collected was analyzed using mean, </em><em>o</em><em>ne-way ANOVA and t</em><em>-</em><em>test. The level of significance was 0.05. The findings of this study show that there was statistically significant difference in achievement between learners in favour of those taught using advance organizers compared to those taught using conventional teaching methods. The findings also indicate that there was no statistically significant gender difference in achievement.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS SPA KAKI DIABETIK TERHADAP SIRKULASI DARAH PERIFER PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WONOKROMO SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmi Affiani ◽  
Puji Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Peripheral Blood Circulation

Diabetes mellitus type 2 is often occur and became chronic complication of vascular peripheral disease caused by decreasing peripheral blood circulation. One of therapy to improve peripheral blood circulation is diabetic foot spa, The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of diabetic foot spa towards peripheral blood circulation. Design of this study is Quasy-Experiment. The population were all diabetes mellitus patients type 2 in Public Health Centre Wonokromo Surabaya. Number of sample was 46 person, divided into 2 group, that are treatment group and control group, with 23 person each group, taken by purposive sampling technique. Data analyzed by Mann-Whitney test with α=0.05. Study results on treatment group before giving diabetic foot spa majority (52.2%) of peripheral blood circulation in mild category and for control group mostly (60.9%) have blood circulation in mild category as well. After the foot spa was give to the treatment group, almost entirely (91.3%) had normal peripheral blood circulation, whereas in the control group majority (73.9%) remain mild. Analysis of MannWhitney test P=0.000 < α=0.05, which means diabetic foot spa is effective towards blood circulation. The more frequent perform of diabetic foot spa, the better peripheral blood circulation, it can prevent complications of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Randomised, quadruple blinded, placebo controlled, multicentre trial investigating prophylactic tamsulosin in prevention of postoperative urinary retention in men after endoscopic total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair (STOP-POUR trial): a study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e048911
Author(s):  
Uwe Bieri ◽  
Juliette Slieker ◽  
Lukas John Hefermehl ◽  
Sebastian Soppe ◽  
Gerfried Teufelberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Inguinal Hernia Repair ◽  
Urinary Retention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postoperative Urinary Retention ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Total Extraperitoneal

IntroductionPostoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common complication after inguinal hernia repair with a reported incidence up to 34%. It can be described as the inability to initiate urination or insufficient bladder emptying following surgery. It usually requires the use of catheterisation to empty the bladder in order to prevent further injury to the bladder or kidneys and to relief from pain. Tamsulosin is a medication that is commonly used in men with urinary symptoms related to an enlarged prostate. There is some evidence to suggest that it may also potentially be beneficial for preventing POUR.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre, blinded, prospective, phase IV randomised controlled trial with parallel allocation. Six hundred and thirty-four patients scheduled for elective endoscopic inguinal hernia repair surgery will be recruited. There will be effective (concealed) randomisation of the subjects to the intervention/control groups. Group assignment will be performed using a covariate-adaptive allocation procedure to provide a balance for selected covariates. The interventional group receives 0.4 mg tamsulosin hydrochloride and the control-group receives one placebo capsule matching the active study drug, both daily, starting from 5 days prior to the day of surgery, at the day of surgery and for 1 day following surgery. The primary outcome is any need for urinary catheterisation postoperatively as a binary outcome. Secondary outcome measures include postoperative pain, change in International Prostate Symptom Score from baseline prior to surgery to after surgery and hospital stay.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Northwestern and Central Switzerland Ethics Committee (2020–00569) and it is being conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice. Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and national and international scientific conferences.Trial registration numbersSNCTP000003904. NCT04491526.

scholarly journals Systemic cytokine potential in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who completed treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
A. A. Khrenov ◽  
V. M. Fedoseeva ◽  
M. M. Grishin
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Tgf Β1

The objective: to investigate the cytokine potential (TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4) in the systemic blood circulation of patients who successfully completed treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, depending on whether they have chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD).Subjects and methods. The study included 118 patients who had successfully completed treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis by the time of the examination. Group 1 included 79 patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis without COPD, Group 2 – 39 patients with different forms of pulmonary tuberculosis and concurrent COPD. The Control Group consisted of 24 healthy individuals.In all patients, the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-4, as well as the active form of TGF-β1 were tested in the systemic blood circulation using commercial ELISA test systems.Results. By the time of successful tuberculosis treatment completion, COPD patients were found to develop the following: a special Th2-associated form of immune imbalance characterized by the reduced systemic level of TNF-α in combination with the increased level of IL-4; the increased risk of development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis due to the high level of growth factor TGF-β1 (in comparison with patients without COPD); elevated levels of TGF-β1 (compared with patients without COPD), creating favorable endogenous conditions for tuberculosis relapse.

TEACHING READING BY UTILIZING HOT POTATOES SOFTWARE TOWARD STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Abdullah Farih
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control

The objective of this study is to measure whether there is or not significant effect of teaching reading by utilizing Hot Potatoes software toward students’ reading comprehension of descriptive text. The variables used were the teaching treatment of Hot Potatoes Software as the independent variable and the students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text as dependent variable. Then, the research designed was Quasi-experimental design and the presentation of data used was quantitative. The data were obtained from the eleventh grade, of which 28 students were taken as sample. The students are divided into two groups; experiment group consisted of 12 students and control group consists of 16 students. To get the data, the pre-test and post-test were applied and then analyzed using t-test formula. The researcher had concluded that there is Significant effect of Hot Potatoes Software toward the students’ reading comprehension achievement. The result showed that mean of students’ post-test was increased. It is proved by the t-test (8.54) which is higher than t-table (2.05) at level of significance 5%. It means that the alternative hypothesis was accepted and it proved that Hot Potatoes Software had significant effect toward students’ reading comprehension of Descriptive Text

Penatalaksanaan IMD pada Ibu Postpartum Sectio Caesarea Mempengaruhi Status Gizi dan Kecepatan Produksi ASI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Nursari Abdul Syukur ◽  
Susi Purwanti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Sectio Caesarea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Results

Many mothers who give birth to Sectio Caesarea (SC) do not Initiate Early Breastfeeding (IMD), which fails exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to determine the effect of IMD management in postpartum SC mothers on nutritional status, speed of milk production, and quality of breast milk protein. Method: quantitative research with quasi approach experiment. The research design used was a pre-post-test control non-equivalent control group. A sampling of this study used the Consecutive method sampling with a sample of 20 mothers who gave birth by cesarean section (SC). Hypothesis testing uses the independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney test. The study results showed an influence on the management of IMD in postpartum SC mothers on the speed of ASI production (p-value=0.004) and nutritional status (p-value=0.028). There was no effect of IMD management on postpartum SC mothers on the quality of breast milk protein (p-value = 0.543). This study recommends that the hospital implement an IMD promotion program before the abdominal wall is closed as a form of intervention to increase milk production and maternal nutritional status

Modern approaches to the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age

2016 ◽  
pp. 191-108
Author(s):  
A.A. Sukhanova ◽  
◽  
Yu.M. Melnik ◽  
O.O. Karlova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Observation Period

The aim of the study: to study the efficacy and safety of use Mastofemin in the treatment of various forms of mastitis in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods. The study included 62 women of reproductive age (mean age of 33.5±2.3 years) who were screened in the Kiev city center reproductive and perinatal medicine. Women were divided into 2 groups. The first (main) group consisted of 32 patients who received the proposed treatment using herbal remedies Mastofemin 1 capsule 2 times per day for 3 months; 30 patients of the second (control) group were under observation and received no treatment. These groups were representative and homogeneous on age, clinical symptoms and sonographic characteristics. The clinical method included evaluation of complaints of patients, anamnesis, presence of concomitant gynecologic pathology, inspection, palpation of the lymph nodes and the breast and obtaining a discharge from the nipples to conduct cytological examination, which allowed excluding from the study women with suspected malignancy of the process. All the patients were performed ultrasound examination of the breast. The review was supplemented with vaginal gynecological examination and ultrasound examination of small pelvis organs to assess the condition of the uterus and its appendages, the diagnosis of gynecological diseases. Results. Summarizing obtained in this study results one should stress the positive long-term effect of applying Mastofemin for the treatment of proliferative changes of the breast in women of reproductive age. This is manifested by a decrease in the intensity of clinical signs of mastitis, consistent with the results of sonographic control. Established positive dynamics in the treatment of cystic mastitis, dectective and when combined cystic mastopathy with dectective. In the control group of patients for a given observation period (6 months) no significant changes in clinical signs of mastitis and sonographic characteristics. Regression of disease has not occurred in any of the patients, in 2 patients increased sensitivity of the breast after 6 months moved to the soreness. Sonographic characteristics of mastitis during the observation period did not change. Thus, the use of Mastofemin aimed at pathogenetic treatment of mastitis and prevention of breast cancer. Conclusion. Application of Mastofemin during the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age significantly improves the clinical condition of patients; reduce the subjective and objective symptoms of the disease. The positive effect of the treatment with Mastofemin proved in the case of the treatment of sonographic following forms of mastitis: cystic mastopathy, cystic mastopathy with dectectasy. Mastofemin may be the drug of choice for complex conservative monotherapy in women of reproductive age with proliferative changes in the breast, and can also be used as part of complex treatment in patients with diffuse changes of the breast when combined with hyperplastic processes of the myometrium and endometrium. Keywords: mastopathy, breast gland, herbal medicine, herbal remedies, Mastofemin.

Brief psycho-education for caregivers of persons with first episode psychosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praful Prabhuappa Kapse ◽  
Manisha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Expressed Emotions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group Family

Caring for the persons with first episode psychosis is challenging and demanding. It may lead to the increased burden, expressed emotions among the caregivers. The numerous studies have shown that high burden and negative expressed emotions among caregivers can lead to early relapse in the patients with first episode psychosis. To evaluate the effects of the brief psychoeducation on the caregivers burden and expressed emotions. A quasi experimental - before and after with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 60 caregivers have participated in the study, of which 30 caregivers in experimental group and 30 caregivers in the control group. Family Burden Interview Schedule (Pai and Kapoor, 1981) and Attitude Questionnaire (Sethi et al., 1981) was used to assess caregiver's burden and expressed emotions. At end of the psychoeducation intervention, burden among caregivers and negative expressed emotions of the caregivers have significantly reduced. The positive expressed emotions have been increased. Study results demonstrates the importance of psychoeducation intervention in reducing the burden and negative expressed emotions.

The Effect of Applying POSSE (Predict- Organize-Search-Summarize-Evaluate) on the Students’ Reading Comprehension

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Rejeki Maha ◽  
Berlin Sibarani
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study was aimed at finding out The Effect of Applying POSSE (Predict-Organize-Search-Summarize-Evaluate) Strategy on the Students’ Reading Comprehension. This study used the experimental design. The population of this study was the students of SMA Negeri 2 Medan. There were sixty students taken as the sample of the research. This study was conducted with two randomized groups namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught by applying POSSE strategy while control group was taught without applying POSSE strategy. The instrument of collecting the data was multiple choice test which consists of 40 items. To obtain the reliability of the test, the researcher used Kuder-Richardson (KR-21). The calculation shows the reliability was 0.81(high). The data were analyzed by using t-test. The calculation shows that t-observed (4.76) is higher than t-table (2.00) at the level of significance (α) 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 58. Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. It means that there was a significant effect of applying POSSE strategy on the students’ reading comprehension. Keywords: POSSE Strategy, Reading Comprehension.

The Effect of Applying Learning Together Method on the Students’ Reading Comprehension

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haryato Siregar ◽  
Elia Masa Ginting
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Learning Together

This study was aimed at finding out the effect of applying Learning Together Method on the students’ reading comprehension. This study used the experimental design. The population of this study was the students of SMP Negeri 1 Muara. There were sixty students of eighth class as the sample of the research. This study was conducted with two randomized groups namely experimental and control group. The experimental group was taught by applying Learning Together Method while control group was taught without applying Learning Together Method. The instrument of collecting the data was multiple choice test which consists of 20 items. To obtain the reliability of the test, the researcher used Kuder-Richardson (KR-21) formula. The calculation shows the reliability was 0.82(high). The data were analyzed by using t-test. The calculation shows that t-observed (4.9) is higher than t-table (2.00) at the level of significance (α) 0.05 with the degree of freedom (df) 58. Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. It means that teaching reading comprehension by applying Learning Together Method significantly affect reading comprehension. Keywords: Learning Together Method, Reading Comprehension

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