scholarly journals Features of lipid synthesis from [2-14C] acetate in liver and intestinal mucosa of piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
O. Ya. Zakhariv ◽  
◽  
I. V. Vudmaska ◽  
A. P. Petruk ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Scintillation Counter ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Suckling Piglets ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Small And Large Intestine

Requirement of suckling piglets in lipids are supplied in two ways: with sow milk and by de novo synthesis. Despite the high fat content of milk and increased lipogenesis, lipid content in piglets’ body during the first month of life increases very slightly what is associated with extremely rapid growth at this period and, consequently, significant expenditure of energy and structural lipids for tissues formation. Therefore, it is important to study the intensity of lipid synthesis in suckling piglets. The purpose of our studies was to investigate the age-related dynamics of lipogenesis. Twelve sows of large white breed were selected. From each sow, three piglets were taken at 1-, 10- and 30-day-old age. The piglets were intramuscularly injected with an aqueous solution of [2-14C] sodium acetate at a dose of 100 μCi. After 2 hours, the piglets were killed and samples of the liver, small and large intestine mucosa were obtained. The tissues were homogenized; lipids were extracted and divided into classes by thin layer chromatography. The radioactivity of each fraction was determined by a scintillation counter. The results show that the intensity of lipid synthesis from [2-14C] acetate in liver of 1 day-age piglets was 2.5 times higher than at 10 and 30 days. In the mucous membrane of the small and large intestine of piglets at 1- and 10 days of age, lipid synthesis occurs at almost the same intensity. At 30 days of age it increases significantly in the small intestinal mucosa and decreases in the large intestinal mucosa. Significant differences in the degree of use of [2-14C] acetate in the synthesis of individual lipid classes in the small intestinal mucosa of piglets at all stages of the study compared with the liver were revealed. The same features are observed for the synthesis of individual classes of lipids in the mucosa of the large intestine of piglets at 10 and 30 days of age. The obtained results indicate significant differences in lipid synthesis in the mucosa of the small and large intestine and in the liver of suckling piglets. Acetate is very intensively used for lipid synthesis during the first 30 days of piglets’ life. On the first day of life, lipogenesis is most active in the liver, but with age the lipid synthesis gradually activated in the intestinal mucosa.

scholarly journals Influence of fish oil on usage of [1-14С] palmitic acid in the synthesis of lipids in the tissues of guinea pigs under hypercholesterolemia in vitro

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. S. Pokotylo ◽  
O. O. Pokotylo ◽  
T. Ya. Yaroshenko ◽  
M. I. Koval
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Triacylglycerol Synthesis ◽  
Small Intestinal

It’s studied in vitro the intensity of lipid synthesis of various classes (fatty acids, cholesterol, phospholipids and acylglycerols) in homogenates of liver, brain, small intestinal mucosa and adipose tissue after daily single injection of guinea pigs with cholesterol (300 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days. For this purpose, it’s determined the radioactivity of the lipid fractions of the referred above tissue homogenates of guinea pigs that was incubated with [1-14C] palmitic acid. It’s established the inhibitory effect of exogenous cholesterol, under increase its level in the diet of guinea pigs, on the diacylglycerol synthesis and on the free cholesterol in the small intestine mucosa and on the triacylglycerol synthesis in adipose tissue under usage as a precursor – [1-14C] palmitic acid. It’s determined a significant reduction in the intensity of total lipids and individual lipid classes by using as a precursor [1-14C] palmitic acid in in vitro conditions in the brain, liver, small intestinal mucosa and adipose tissue of guinea pigs with hypercholesterolemia when it’s given them fish oil as feed.

scholarly journals Comparative effect of orally administered sodium butyrate before or after weaning on growth and several indices of gastrointestinal biology of piglets

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1285-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Le Gall ◽  
Mélanie Gallois ◽  
Bernard Sève ◽  
Isabelle Louveau ◽  
Jens J. Holst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Growth ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Villous Height ◽  
Small Intestinal

Sodium butyrate (SB) provided orally favours body growth and maturation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) in milk-fed pigs. In weaned pigs, conflicting results have been obtained. Therefore, we hypothesised that the effects of SB (3 g/kg DM intake) depend on the period (before v. after weaning) of its oral administration. From the age of 5 d, thirty-two pigs, blocked in quadruplicates within litters, were assigned to one of four treatments: no SB (control), SB before (for 24 d), or after (for 11–12 d) weaning and SB before and after weaning (for 35–36 d). Growth performance, feed intake and various end-point indices of GIT anatomy and physiology were investigated at slaughter. The pigs supplemented with SB before weaning grew faster after weaning than the controls (P < 0·05). The feed intake was higher in pigs supplemented with SB before or after weaning (P < 0·05). SB provided before weaning improved post-weaning faecal digestibility (P < 0·05) while SB after weaning decreased ileal and faecal digestibilities (P < 0·05). Gastric digesta retention was higher when SB was provided before weaning (P < 0·05). Post-weaning administration of SB decreased the activity of three pancreatic enzymes and five intestinal enzymes (P < 0·05). IL-18 gene expression tended to be lower in the mid-jejunum in SB-supplemented pigs. The small-intestinal mucosa was thinner and jejunal villous height lower in all SB groups (P < 0·05). In conclusion, the pre-weaning SB supplementation was the most efficient to stimulate body growth and feed intake after weaning, by reducing gastric emptying and intestinal mucosa weight and by increasing feed digestibility.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of apolipoprotein C-III in rat liver and small intestinal mucosa.

1984 ◽  
Vol 259 (4) ◽  
pp. 2452-2456 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Blaufuss ◽  
J I Gordon ◽  
G Schonfeld ◽  
A W Strauss ◽  
D H Alpers
Keyword(s):  
Rat Liver ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Apolipoprotein C ◽  
Small Intestinal

scholarly journals Contribution of Infectious Agents to the Development of Celiac Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Daniel Sánchez ◽  
Iva Hoffmanová ◽  
Adéla Szczepanková ◽  
Věra Hábová ◽  
Helena Tlaskalová-Hogenová
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Wheat Gluten ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Food Antigens ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
And Function

The ingestion of wheat gliadin (alcohol-soluble proteins, an integral part of wheat gluten) and related proteins induce, in genetically predisposed individuals, celiac disease (CD), which is characterized by immune-mediated impairment of the small intestinal mucosa. The lifelong omission of gluten and related grain proteins, i.e., a gluten-free diet (GFD), is at present the only therapy for CD. Although a GFD usually reduces CD symptoms, it does not entirely restore the small intestinal mucosa to a fully healthy state. Recently, the participation of microbial components in pathogenetic mechanisms of celiac disease was suggested. The present review provides information on infectious diseases associated with CD and the putative role of infections in CD development. Moreover, the involvement of the microbiota as a factor contributing to pathological changes in the intestine is discussed. Attention is paid to the mechanisms by which microbes and their components affect mucosal immunity, including tolerance to food antigens. Modulation of microbiota composition and function and the potential beneficial effects of probiotics in celiac disease are discussed.

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