scholarly journals KARIŲ PASITENKINIMO PRIVALOMĄJA KARO TARNYBA IR JŲ KOVINIO PASIRENGIMO SĄSAJŲ YPATUMAI

Psichologija ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Povilas Žakaitis ◽  
Mindaugas Rugevičius
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Military Readiness ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Tactical Knowledge ◽  
The Military

Straipsnyje analizuojamos pasitenkinimo privalomąja tarnyba sąsajos su kovinio pasirengimo rodikliais. Naudojant dvi pasitenkinimo tarnyba įvertinimo skales ištirta 211 karių. Gauti rezultatai parodė, kad pasitenkinimas tarnyba yra stabilus rodiklis, mažai kintantis per visą jos laiką. Atlikus pasitenkinimo įverčių klasterinę analizę sudarytos dvi karių grupės: santykinai didesnio pasitenkinimo tarnyba grupę sudarė 113 karių, o santykinai mažesnio – 98 kariai. Palyginus šias grupes nustatytos statistiškai reikšmingos sąsajos tarp karių pasitenkinimo tarnyba ir jų kovinio pasirengimo rodiklių. Daugiau nei 50 proc. (12 iš 22) visų kovinio pasirengimo rodiklių yra geresni santykinai didesnio pasitenkinimo tarnyba karių grupės. PECULIARITIES OF INTERRELATION BETWEEN SATISFACTION WITH THE OBLIGATORY MILITARY SERVICE AND MILITARY READINESSPovilas Žakaitis, Mindaugas Rugevičius SummaryThe present investigation examined the relations between servicemen satisfaction with the military service, demographic variables and military readiness. The study also assessed the dynamic changes of servicemen satisfaction with the military service.Participants: 211 servicemen of obligatory military service in N battalion aged 19–24 years took part. The servicemen satisfaction with the military service was assessed by the Job-Related Affective Well-Being Scale (JAWS) and Job Satisfaction Scale (JSS). Both scales were translated into Lithuanian language with the permission of P. Spector. The servicemen were evaluated twice with JAWS – on the 3rd and 12th months of the service. At the end of 3rd month of the military service servicemen were evaluated with JSS.22 indicators of the military readiness were taken as follows: 2 grades of physical fitness tests; 8 grades of Basic Military Training (BMT) Programme; 6 scores of tactics field training performance and 6 scores that generalize the servicemen military readiness during the whole period of the military service, which were presented by the section commanders.Significant relationships were revealed between the level of the servicemen emotional well-being that was evaluated on the 3rd month and the level of the emotional well-being at the end of the military service (r = 0.63; p < 0.01).The results indicated that the scores of all three evaluations of servicemen satisfaction with the military service are significantly higher among the servicemen descended from countries as compared with the servicemen descended from towns. The differences of satisfaction indicators were not significant among servicemen with higher and lower education.In the result of applying the nonhierarchical clustering k-means method three estimates of satisfaction with the military service grouped the servicemen in two clusters. One group consisted of 113 servicemen of relatively higher satisfaction. The other group consisted of 98 servicemen of relatively lower satisfaction.Comparisons between these groups by means of Mann-Whitney criterion of ranks sum for independent samples showed that the scores of military readiness indicators were higher in the group with higher  satisfaction. More than 50% (12 from 22) of all military readiness indicators differed significantly in these groups.BMT grades as compared revealed that the group with higher satisfaction scored significantly higher on 5 subjects: tactical knowledge (p < 0.001), topography, shooting and musketry, military communication and weapon of mass destruction (p < 0.05). Ratings of tactics field performance as compared differ significantly in three evaluations: tactical proficiency, topography and ability to act in team (p < 0.05). Section commanders evaluated as better the Professional readiness and relations with the service peers in the group of the higher satisfaction with the military service (p < 0.05).To conclude, it seems that the servicemen satisfaction is quite stable during the whole period of the military service. This seems to suggest that the first months of obligatory military service could predict further dynamic changes of the servicemen satisfaction. The satisfaction with the military service is related with the scores of the military readiness. It let us assume that satisfaction with the military service influences in some degree the formation of the servicemen skills and abilities to perform their functions. 

The Perpetuation of Gender Norms and White Hegemonic Patriarchy in the South African Defence Force as Represented in André van der Merwe’s Moffie (2006)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Nolen Fortuin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Novel ◽  
White Family ◽  
White Children ◽  
White Masculinity ◽  
Party Government ◽  
Compulsory Military Service ◽  
The Military

With the institution of compulsory military service in South Africa in 1948 the National Party government effected a tool well shaped for the construction of hegemonic masculinities. Through this, and other structures like schools and families, white children were shaped into submissive abiding citizens. Due to the brutal nature of a militarised society, gender roles become strictly defined and perpetuated. As such, white men’s time served on the border also “toughened” them up and shaped them into hegemonic copies of each other, ready to enforce patriarchal and racist ideologies. In this article, I look at how the novel Moffie by André Carl van der Merwe (2006) illustrates hegemonic white masculinity in South Africa and how it has long been strictly regulated to perpetuate the well-being of the white family as representative of the capitalist state. I discuss the novel by looking at the ways in which the narrator is marked by service in the military, which functions as a socialising agent, but as importantly by the looming threat of the application of the term “moffie” to himself, by self or others.  

scholarly journals The impact of fathers’ military deployment on child adjustment. The support needs of primary school children and their families separated during active military service: A pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Pexton ◽  
Jacqui Farrants ◽  
William Yule
Keyword(s):  
Parental Stress ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Child Adjustment ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Military Deployment ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties ◽  
The Impact

Background: Although direct exposure to war-related trauma negatively impacts children’s psychological well-being, little is known about this impact within the context of parental military deployment to a combat zone and ‘indirect’ experience of the effects of armed conflict. This study investigates the impact of father’s military deployment to Afghanistan on child well-being in primary schoolchildren and compares measures of adjustment with a matched group of children with fathers deployed on military training (non-combat) deployment. Method: Data were collected within primary schools in 2011–2012 from 52 children aged 8–11 years with fathers deploying to Afghanistan ( n = 26) and fathers deploying on military training ( n = 26) via self-completion of questionnaires assessing symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress and levels of self-esteem. Data were collected in both groups, at pre-, mid- and post-parental deployment. Class teachers and parents (non-deployed) completed a measure of child behaviour and parents completed a measure of parenting stress and general health. Results: Unexpectedly child adjustment difficulties were not significantly raised in children whose parents deployed to Afghanistan. Ratings of behavioural difficulties and depression were low in both groups. However, clinically elevated levels of anxiety and stress symptoms were reported by both groups of children at each stage of deployment. No associations between parental stress, parental mental health and child adjustment were found. Conclusion: High levels of children’s anxiety and stress reported during fathers’ active military service warrant further investigation. Implications for school and health monitoring and CAMHS community liaison work are discussed.

scholarly journals Professional Training Of Future Logistics Officers At National Military University Of Bulgaria

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Nichev ◽  
Elitsa Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Business Logistics ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Military

Abstract The specific of the officer’s military management activities lies in its functional responsibilities. The obligations and requirements determine them. The specifics of the military management activities of logistics officer are designated by the statute of military service in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Bulgaria. This article represents the proficiency of the future logistics officers at Vasil Levski National Military University, which is achieved through training in two specialties: military training in “Organization and management of tactical units for logistics” and civil training in “Business Logistics”. In the both, cadets acquire the educational and qualification degree “Bachelor”.

scholarly journals The Association between Endogenous Hair Steroid Hormones and Social Environmental Factors in a Group of Conscripts during Basic Military Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12239
Author(s):  
Asta Mažeikienė ◽  
Svajone Bekesiene ◽  
Dovilė Karčiauskaitė ◽  
Eglė Mazgelytė ◽  
Gerry Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Military Service ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Task Cohesion ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Social Environmental Factors ◽  
The Military

This study aimed to analyse the association between endogenous hair steroid hormones as reliable biological indicators of an individual’s stress level and the social environmental factors experienced during military training that are manifested at the beginning of compulsory military service. Hair steroid hormone concentrations—cortisol, cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and testosterone—in a group of 185 conscripts were measured using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Six subjective social environmental factors in the military—attitude towards the military and military service, adaptation to the military environment, team, task, and norm cohesion, as well as psychological (un)safety in the group—were evaluated using military-specific research questionnaires. Weak but significant negative correlations were identified between cortisol and adaptation (r = −0.176, p < 0.05), attitude (r = −0.147, p < 0.05) as well as between testosterone and task cohesion (r = −0.230, p < 0.01) levels. Additionally, a multiple forward stepwise regression analysis highlighted that cortisone variation might be partially explained by task cohesion; the DHEA—determined by psychological (un)safety in the group, attitude towards the military and military service, and norm cohesion; and the testosterone—determined by task cohesion and adaptation to the new military environment. The results of this study suggest that subjective measures of social factors can be used to predict hair steroid hormone levels as objective measures of the chronic stress perceived by conscripts during their basic military training.

Mutuality and the study of suicide: Psychological notions on military suicides in Israeli courts

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1282-1299
Author(s):  
Nitzan Rothem ◽  
Eyal Ben-Ari
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Common ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Psychological Reasoning ◽  
The Military

This article addresses the complementary work of psychological notions and courts in handling suicides occurring in the course of military service. We suggest the category of mutuality between individuals and social settings as an analytic perspective for the study of suicide, illuminating not only how suicide is constructed, but also theorizing the effects of this construction. Our findings rest on content analysis of 34 verdicts on cases of suicide occurring within the Israeli military. In these verdicts, mostly issued to resolve disputes between bereaved parents and state authorities, Israeli courts decided on the causes of death and the responsibilities of the military and state for soldiers’ suicides. Courts base their decisions on the ambiguous psychological concept of suicidal individuals, explaining self-demise as the result of an internal malaise and avoid addressing the coercive circumstances within which Israeli soldiers operate. By conclusively linking self-demise to suicidality, courts produce an idea of death-seeking soldiers, who fail to ensure their own well-being as well as to defend the common good. Courts render the difficulties encountered during military service mental and personal, thereby contracting, standardizing, and individualizing the idea of mutuality between soldiers, families, and state. To explain these repercussions of juridification and psychologization processes, we draw attention to Durkheim’s conceptualization of contractual obligations and non-contractual sentiments. We elaborate on the Durkheimian connection between solidarity and suicide, by highlighting the outcomes of their interrelated management, especially the courts’ shaping of thin mutuality when arbitrating suicide disputes. Adopting psychological reasoning and assessing personal responsibility, courts potentially fail in their constitutive role of discussing matters of collective concerns.

Seviri Equitum Romanorum and municipal Seviri: A Study in Pre-Military Training among the Romans

1924 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 158-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lily Ross Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
The State ◽  
Preliminary Training ◽  
To Come ◽  
Circus Maximus ◽  
The Military

The pompa circensis, the solemn procession that marched to the Circus Maximus on the occasion of the ludi magni, was headed by the boys and young men of the state, those whose fathers had the census equester going on horseback and the others on foot. The object of the procession was, Dionysius says, depending on Fabius for his account, to show to strangers how numerous and powerful were the youths about to come to man's estate. The martial ceremony must have been a stirring preparation for the military service that in early times was the duty of every Roman citizen. There was further preparation for such service at Rome. Cicero tells us that in former times, for a year after the taking of the toga virilis, the young tiro was trained at Rome in exercitatio ludusque campestris. This preliminary training was restored for the young noble by Augustus who felt its importance as a preparation for the military service insisted upon for all who sought political preferment. Indeed, the old tirocinium, as Rostovtzeff has shown, seems to have been lengthened from one to two years.

scholarly journals Results of an Experimental Test of the Establishment of Readiness of Future Officers-Psychologists to Serve in the Armed Forces of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii Yurkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
National University ◽  
Military Institute ◽  
The Military

The main tasks of the experimental work were: checking the pedagogical conditions identified on the basis of theoretical analysis of the establishment of readiness of future military psychologists for professional activity in the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the process of professional training; determining the dynamics of the establishment of readiness of future officers-psychologists for military service in the Armed Forces of Ukraine on the basis of developed criteria and indicators; performing statistical verification and confirming the results of experimental work; analyzing the results obtained and drawing conclusions and recommendations based on the results of the conducted pedagogical research.The study was conducted on the basis of the Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, the Military Academy (Odessa) and the Department of military training of the National Aviation University. Three/four-year cadets, attendees on the training of reserve officers, educators and officers were involved in the experimental work. The given analysis of the components of readiness of future officers-psychologists of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for military service, namely: knowledge of theoretical material, motivation, emotional stability, endurance and communicative component have the root-mean-square results at the end of the experiment the analysis shows an increase in indicators by 10% in experimental groups relative to the control with the same indicators at the beginning of the experiment 58.5%. The qualitative indicator in the control group increased by 13.5%, and in the experimental group by 23.5%.

scholarly journals The Development of the Military Service Identification Tool: Identifying Military Veterans in a Clinical Research Database Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Leightley ◽  
David Pernet ◽  
Sumithra Velupillai ◽  
Robert J Stewart ◽  
Katharine M Mark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Free Text ◽  
The Military

BACKGROUND Electronic health care records (EHRs) are a rich source of health-related information, with potential for secondary research use. In the United Kingdom, there is no national marker for identifying those who have previously served in the Armed Forces, making analysis of the health and well-being of veterans using EHRs difficult. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop a tool to identify veterans from free-text clinical documents recorded in a psychiatric EHR database. METHODS Veterans were manually identified using the South London and Maudsley (SLaM) Biomedical Research Centre Clinical Record Interactive Search—a database holding secondary mental health care electronic records for the SLaM National Health Service Foundation Trust. An iterative approach was taken; first, a structured query language (SQL) method was developed, which was then refined using natural language processing and machine learning to create the Military Service Identification Tool (MSIT) to identify if a patient was a civilian or veteran. Performance, defined as correct classification of veterans compared with incorrect classification, was measured using positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, F1 score, and accuracy (otherwise termed Youden Index). RESULTS A gold standard dataset of 6672 free-text clinical documents was manually annotated by human coders. Of these documents, 66.00% (4470/6672) were then used to train the SQL and MSIT approaches and 34.00% (2202/6672) were used for testing the approaches. To develop the MSIT, an iterative 2-stage approach was undertaken. In the first stage, an SQL method was developed to identify veterans using a keyword rule–based approach. This approach obtained an accuracy of 0.93 in correctly predicting civilians and veterans, a positive predictive value of 0.81, a sensitivity of 0.75, and a negative predictive value of 0.95. This method informed the second stage, which was the development of the MSIT using machine learning, which, when tested, obtained an accuracy of 0.97, a positive predictive value of 0.90, a sensitivity of 0.91, and a negative predictive value of 0.98. CONCLUSIONS The MSIT has the potential to be used in identifying veterans in the United Kingdom from free-text clinical documents, providing new and unique insights into the health and well-being of this population and their use of mental health care services.

Documents from the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic on Establishing a Military Commissariats Network within the Territory of Udmurtia

2018 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Sergey S. Ashihmin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Military Leaders ◽  
Compulsory Military Service ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
The Military

Drawing on materials from the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic, the article studies the establishing and functioning of the military commissariats network in the first years of the Soviet power. The outspread of the Civil War and the Allied Intervention therein necessitated calling up citizens, primarily workers and peasants, for compulsory military service. The establishment of the commissariats for military affairs marked the beginning of accounting of able-bodied males and their conscription into the armed forces. Volost, uezd, and gubernia commissariats for military affairs were organized by volost, uezd, and gubernia Soviets of workers', soldiers' and peasants' deputies; commissars and military leaders of volost, uezd, and gubernia commissariats were appointed by volost, uezd, and gubernia Soviets respectively and by the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs. Studying activities of local military authorities is of great importance, as it allows to see beyond central authorities actions, to understand how their decisions were implemented at the local level. Consequently, this allows to evidentiate the process of the Soviet armed forces creation in all its multiformity and complexity. On the territory of Udmurtia, armed hostilities continued from August 1918 to late June 1919, and newly formed military commissariats had to perform many tasks, both peaceful and military. First and foremost, they had to account of and mobilize officers and soldiers returning from the fronts of First World War. Much effort was required to drill recruits who had no military training. The military commissariats were also to prevent the widely spreading desertion. These functions were performed under difficult circumstances of rapidly shifting front lines, as areas and towns of the Vyatka gubernia repeatedly passed from the Reds to the Whites and back again.

Universal Military Training in Peace Time

1946 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Keyword(s):  
Military Service ◽  
Military Training ◽  
American Mathematical Society ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
The Military ◽  
Universal Military Training ◽  
Policy Committee ◽  
War Policy

Foreword (prepared by Professor M. H. Stone, Chairman of the War Policy Committee): The War Policy Committee of the American Mathematical Society and the Mathematical Association of America was formed to study the many questions of professional and scientific policy arising out of the war. No subject has been of greater interest or more vital concern to the Committee than the relations between scientific effectiveness on the one hand and the military requirements of the nation on the other. A most important aspect of this subject is treated in the report on Universal Military Service in Peace Time which is now made public. This report, prepared some time ago by a special subcommittee, is directed in the main at points upon which mathematicians as such are particularly qualified to express informed opinions. Whatever view may ultimately prevail concerning universal military training in peace time— and it should be emphasized that there are many citizens, mathematicians included, who doubt the wisdom of introducing such a peace-time military program—it is clearly of the first importance that no program deleterious to the scientific and technological vigor of the nation should be adopted. The report deals frankly and in detail with this vital segment of the problem now before Congress. In offering the recommendations of the report as a professional contribution to the current discussion, the War Policy Committee hopes to render a modest public service strictly within the natural sphere of its activity.

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