THE REGENERATIVE CAPACITY IN VITRO OF A RARE SPECIES OF RHODIOLA ROSEA L. FROM VARIOUS HABITATS

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Regenerative Capacity

Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Rothrauff ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Large Bone

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms — whole organ, particles, hydrogels — has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.

CONSERVATION OF RARE SPECIES PLANTS AND LICHENS IN SITU WITH PLANNED ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES: BASIC APPROACHES AND IMPLEMENTATION PRINCIPLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
A. N. EFREMOV ◽  
N. V. PLIKINA ◽  
T. ABELI
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Social Risks

Rare species are most vulnerable to man-made impacts, due to their biological characteristics or natural resource management. As a rule, the economic impact is associated with the destruction and damage of individual organisms, the destruction or alienation of habitats. Unfortunately, the conservation of habitat integrity is an important protection strategy, which is not always achievable in the implementation of industrial and infrastructural projects. The aim of the publication is to summarize the experience in the field of protection of rare species in the natural habitat (in situ), to evaluate and analyze the possibility of using existing methods in design and survey activities. In this regard, the main methodological approaches to the protection of rare species in the natural habitat (in situ) during the proposed economic activity were reflected. The algorithm suggested by the authors for implementing the in situ project should include a preparatory stage (initial data collection, preliminary risk assessments, technology development, obtaining permitting documentation), the main stage, the content of which is determined by the selected technology and a long monitoring stage, which makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of the taken measures. Among the main risks of in situ technology implementation, the following can be noted: the limited resources of the population that do not allow for the implementation of the procedure without prior reproduction of individuals in situ (in vitro); limited knowledge of the biology of the species; the possibility of invasion; the possibility of crossing for closely related species that сo-exist in the same habitat; social risks and consequences, target species or population may be important for the local population; financial risks during the recovery of the population. The available experience makes it possible to consider the approach to the conservation of rare species in situ as the best available technology that contributes to reducing negative environmental risks.

Long-term in vitro Storage Technique of Valuable Birch Genotypes and Plant Production on its Basis

2019 ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
T.M. Tabatskaya ◽  
N.I. Vnukova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Production ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
In Vitro Storage ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Growing Conditions

A technique for the long-term (up to 27 years) in vitro storage of valuable birch genotypes under normal (25 °C, 2.0 klx, 16-h day and 8-h night) and low temperature (4 °C, 0.5 klx, 6-h day and 18-h night) growing conditions on hormone-free media has been described. The study explored for the first time the influence of different strategies to store the clones of Betula pubescens and B. pendula var. сarelica (6 genotypes) on the regenerative capacity of collection samples, adaptive potential of regenerated plants and plant production by the in vitro and ex vitro techniques. It was established that both storage strategies provided a persistently high survival rate (82-100%) and regenerative capacity of in vitro shoots (the multiplication coefficient of 4.2-6.3 and rhizogenic activity of 90-100%). The clones retained their characteristics of height growth under the in vitro and ex vitro conditions, and demonstrated intraclonal homogeneity and lack of signs of somaclonal variability. The plants showed substantial interspecific differences at the stage of multiplication and transfer to the greenhouse. The highest percentage of acclimated plants (75-98% depending on the clone genotype) was obtained after planting of micro plants straight in the greenhouse, which simplified the technology and made plant production less costly. long-term in vitro storage, birch, species, genotype, micropropagation, ex vitro adaptation, plant material

scholarly journals TCF21+ mesenchymal cells contribute to testis somatic cell development, homeostasis, and regeneration in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-chi Shen ◽  
Adrienne Niederriter Shami ◽  
Lindsay Moritz ◽  
Hailey Larose ◽  
Gabriel L. Manske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Testicular Development ◽  
Myoid Cells ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Adult Testis ◽  
Mesenchymal Progenitors ◽  
And Function ◽  
Potential Reserve ◽  
Resident Fibroblast

AbstractTesticular development and function rely on interactions between somatic cells and the germline, but similar to other organs, regenerative capacity declines in aging and disease. Whether the adult testis maintains a reserve progenitor population remains uncertain. Here, we characterize a recently identified mouse testis interstitial population expressing the transcription factor Tcf21. We found that TCF21lin cells are bipotential somatic progenitors present in fetal testis and ovary, maintain adult testis homeostasis during aging, and act as potential reserve somatic progenitors following injury. In vitro, TCF21lin cells are multipotent mesenchymal progenitors which form multiple somatic lineages including Leydig and myoid cells. Additionally, TCF21+ cells resemble resident fibroblast populations reported in other organs having roles in tissue homeostasis, fibrosis, and regeneration. Our findings reveal that the testis, like other organs, maintains multipotent mesenchymal progenitors that can be potentially leveraged in development of future therapies for hypoandrogenism and/or infertility.

scholarly journals In vitro culture as an aid to conservation of indigenous ferns: Diplazium proliferum

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubeir M. Golamaully ◽  
Vishwakalyan Bhoyroo ◽  
Nadeem Nazurally ◽  
Vineshwar Gopal
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fungal Contamination ◽  
Increase Growth Rate ◽  
Growing Population

With the ever growing population and economic needs of Mauritius, the flora of Mauritius has never been in more danger and one group of vascular plants is even more in peril; ferns.<em> Diplazium proliferum</em> is indigenous to the Mascarene region and is considered as a rare species in Mauritius. The need to develop a tested <em>in vitro</em> propagation protocol is a must to protect the biodiversity of Mauritius. This experiment was geared towards the establishment of a proper sterilization technique and the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and light on <em>in vitro</em> culture of this fern. Sterilization with 0.05% Mercuric chloride was effective to eliminate fungal contamination and allow germination of spores. Culture media supplemented with BAP did not significantly increase growth rate of both gametophytes and sporophytes of<em> D. proliferum</em>. Present results suggest efficient sterilization methods to be a crucial stage for successful<em> in vitro r</em>egeneration of ferns. The established protocol will be used as an optimized baseline protocol for the propagation of other indigenous ferns.

scholarly journals Φαρμακοκινητικές αλληλεπιδράσεις φαρμάκων με φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μάριος Σπανάκης
Keyword(s):  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Rhodiola Rosea ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Evening Primrose Oil ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Evening Primrose ◽  
Agnus Castus

Τα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα (φυτικά φαρμακευτικά προϊόντα) αποτελούν σκευάσματα τα οποία περιέχουν ως συστατικά ενώσεις φυτικής προέλευσης ή τμήματα φυτικού υλικού. Τα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα χαρακτηρίζονται και διατίθενται ως συμπληρώματα διατροφής ή σκευάσματα συμπληρωματικών - εναλλακτικών θεραπειών. Τα τυποποιημένα φυτικά φαρμακευτικά προϊόντα γενικά χαρακτηρίζονται ως ασφαλή σκευάσματα, παρόλα αυτά, η ταυτόχρονη χρήση τους κατά τη λήψη συμβατικής θεραπευτικής αγωγής από ασθενείς πρέπει να λαμβάνεται υπόψη για την αποφυγή πιθανών προβλημάτων όσον αφορά την αποτελεσματικότητα και την ασφάλεια των λαμβανόμενων συμβατικών φαρμάκων. Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν να μελετήσει τo ενδεχόμενο πρόκλησης φαρμακοκινητικών αλληλεπιδράσεων μεταξύ φαρμάκων και τυποποιημένων φυτοθεραπευτικών σκευασμάτων καθώς και να εκτιμήσει την κλινική σημασία τους. Η μελέτη επικεντρώθηκε στην εκκριτική λειτουργία της Ρ-γλυκοπρωτεΐνης (P-gp), η οποία διαδραματίζει σημαντικό ρόλο στην απορρόφηση φαρμάκων από το έντερο καθώς και στο μεταβολισμό από τα κυτοχρώματα Ρ-450 (CYPs) τα οποία παίζουν σημαντικό ρόλο στο μεταβολισμό των φαρμάκων. Η επίδραση των φυτοθεραπευτικών εκχυλισμάτων μελετήθηκε όσον αφορά την εκκριτική λειτουργία της Ρ-γλυκοπρωτεΐνης στα Caco-2 κύτταρα εκτιμώντας το φαινόμενο συντελεστή διαπερατότητας της ροδαμίνης-123. Η μεταβολική δραστηριότητα των ανασυνδυασμένων CYPs μελετήθηκε με τη χρήση προτύπων φαρμάκων όπως της φαινακετίνης από το CYP1A2, της S-βαρφαρίνης από το CYP2C9 και της δεξτρομεθορφάνης από το CYP2D6 και CYP3A4. Για την ποσοτικοποίηση των προτύπων ενώσεων και των μεταβολιτών τους αναπτύχθηκαν και επικυρώθηκαν αξιόπιστες SIM GC/MS και HPLC/UV βιοαναλυτικές μέθοδοι. Τα αποτελέσματα των in vitro πειραμάτων αναλύθηκαν περαιτέρω με την εφαρμογή της πλατφόρμας πληθυσμιακής φαρμακοκινητικής Simcyp® για να εκτιμηθεί η πιθανή κλινική σημασία των αποτελεσμάτων τα οποία θα αιτιολογούσαν τη διενέργεια μιας in vivo μελέτης φαρμακοκινητικής αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ ενός φυτοθεραπευτικού σκευάσματος και της λοσαρτάνης που αποτελεί υπόστρωμα της P-gp και μεταβολίζεται από τα CYP2C9 και CYP3A4. Τα τυποποιημένα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα που επιλέχθηκαν να μελετηθούν στην παρούσα εργασία ήταν τα: Agnus castus, Aloe vera, Artichoke, Crocus sativus, Evening primrose oil, Ginseng, Guarana, Hawthorn, Hedera helix, Horse chestnut, Lobelia, Rhodiolarosea and Senna. Τα αποτελέσματα των επωάσεων με τα Caco-2 κύτταρα και τα ανασυνδυασμένα CYPs έδειξαν ότι τα φυτοθεραπευτικά σκευάσματα Rhodiola rosea, Artichoke, Agnus castus, Ginseng και Senna επηρέασαν περισσότερο από όλα την εκκριτική λειτουργία της P-gp και το μεταβολισμό μέσω των CYPs. Τα αποτελέσματα από το Simcyp® έδειξαν ότι τα σκευάσματα της Rhodiola rosea και του Artichoke παρουσίασαν το μεγαλύτερο ενδιαφέρον για περαιτέρω διερεύνηση σε επίπεδο κλινικών μελετών για πιθανές φαρμακοκινητικές αλληλεπιδράσεις με φάρμακα που αποτελούν υποστρώματα της P-gp και των CYPs. Η in vivo φαρμακοκινητική μελέτη που διερεύνησε την αλληλεπίδραση της λοσαρτάνης με το σκεύασμα της Rhodiola rosea επιβεβαίωσε σε ένα βαθμό τα in vitro αποτελέσματα και τις εκτιμήσεις από το Simcyp®.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document