Prevalence of Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Khartoum State-Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahaj Muawyia ◽  
Abdelsalam Bashir Satti ◽  
Basma Ahmed Awed Allseed ◽  
Tasneem Hamoda Kalifa Al-Toom ◽  
Nadia Musa Seleman Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandfly ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

 Cutaneous leishmaniasis is the known form of leishmaniasis affecting humans. It is a skin infection caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania from animals to humans by the bite of a vector phlebotomine sandfly. About 21 species causing leishmaniasis depending on geographical distribution and host immunity. Populations of northern areas of Sudan are commonly affected by the disease.

Natural and synthetic indirubins as potent and selective inhibitors of the protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani

Planta Medica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Xingi ◽  
D Smirlis ◽  
S Bisti ◽  
V Myrianthopoulos ◽  
P Magiatis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Donovani ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Selective Inhibitors ◽  
Parasite Leishmania ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

scholarly journals Ecology of sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a restricted focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis en Northern Venezuela: I. Description of the study area, catching methods and species composition

1987 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dora Feliciangeli
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandfly ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Catching Methods

A study on the ecology of phlebotomine sandfly fauna in a restricted focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in northern Venezuela was undertaken in order to investigate the species responsible for the transmission. The study area and catching methods for phlebotomine sandflies are described. A total of 9,061 females and 1,662 males were collected during a year-term study. 12 species of Lutzomya and 1 species of Brumptomya sp. were identified. Absolute and relative abundance and ocurrence for each species were determined. The rel ative occurrence allowed to distinguish the common species, viz. L. panamensis, L. ovallesi, L. gomezi, L. tinidadensis, L. atroclavata, L. cayennensis, L. shannoni and L. olmeca bicolor from the rare species vis., L. punctigeniculata, L. rangeliana, L. evansi and L. dubitans. General comments on the species composition of the sandfly fauna in this locality are made.

scholarly journals Functional analysis of the murine T lymphocyte immune response to a protozoan parasite, Leishmania tropica

1983 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Engers ◽  
S. G. Coutinho ◽  
G. M. C. de Araújo Lima ◽  
J. A. Louis
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Leishmania Tropica ◽  
Intracellular Parasites ◽  
Helper Activity ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

The results presented in this review summarize a seirs of experiments designed to characterize the murine T cell imune response to the protozoan parasite Leishmania tropica. Enriched T cell populations and T cell clones specific for L. tropica antigens were derived from lymph nodes of primed mice and maintained in continous culture in vitro. These T lymphocytes were shown (A) to express the Lyt 1+ 3- cell surface phenotype, (B) to proliferate specifically in vitro in response to parasite antigens, together with a source of irradiated syngeneic macrophages, (C) to transfer antigen-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses to normal syngeneic mice, (D) to induce specific activation of parasitized macrophages in vitro resulting in the destruction of intracellular parasites, (E) to provide specific helper activity for antibody responses in vitro in a hapten-carrier system. Protection studies using these defiened T cell populations should allow the characterization of parasite antigen(s) implicated in the induction of cellular immune responses beneficial for the host.

scholarly journals Antimony Uptake Systems in the Protozoan Parasite Leishmania and Accumulation Differences in Antimony-Resistant Parasites

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 3073-3079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Brochu ◽  
Jingyu Wang ◽  
Gaétan Roy ◽  
Nadine Messier ◽  
Xiao-Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Pentavalent Antimony ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Energy Dependent ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

ABSTRACT The first line drug against leishmaniasis consists of pentavalent antimony [Sb(V)], but there is general belief that the active form of the metal is the trivalent form [Sb(III)]. In this study, we have quantified the accumulation of Sb(V) and Sb(III) in Leishmania by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The accumulation was studied in three Leishmania species at various life stages, sensitive or resistant to antimony. Both Sb(III) and Sb(V) are accumulated in promastigote and amastigote parasites, but through competition experiments with arsenite, we found that the routes of entry of Sb(V) and Sb(III) are likely to differ in Leishmania. The level of accumulation of either Sb(III) or Sb(V), however, was not correlated with the susceptibility of wild-type Leishmania cells to antimony. This suggests that other factors may also be implicated in the mode of action of the drugs. In contrast to metal susceptibility, resistance to Sb(III) correlated well with decreased antimony accumulation. This phenotype was energy dependent and highlights the importance of transport systems in drug resistance of this protozoan parasite.

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