scholarly journals Selection of sorption materials for the extraction of nickel and cobalt from the ore of the Gornostaevskoye deposit

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Yelena Panova ◽  
Yermek Aubakirov ◽  
Huseyin Arbag
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cyclic Process ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Static Mode ◽  
Nickel Ores ◽  
Oxidized Nickel Ores

Oxidized nickel ores account for the majority of industrial ores suitable for nickel production. The processing of such ores using traditional pyrometallurgical technology is not economically viable due to the low nickel content. One of the most cost-effective methods of processing oxidized nickel ores is sulfuric acid leaching technology followed by sorption extraction. The aim of this work is to establish the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the sorption extraction of nickel and cobalt using iminodiacetate chelating ion-exchange sorbents from various manufacturers, to select a desorbing solution and to determine the degree of desorption. The sorption of nickel and cobalt was carried out in a weakly acidic medium from a model solution containing impurities of other metals in static and dynamic modes. The limiting sorption capacity for the studied sorbents is 18-26 mg/g for nickel and 1-2 mg/g for cobalt in the static mode. The sorption capacity in the dynamic mode for nickel is equal to 25.5 g/L for Purolite S 930, 29.2 g/L for Lewatit TP 207, 1.4 g/L, and 1.8 g/L for cobalt, respectively. The best desorption parameters are achieved when using a 2 M sulfuric acid solution. The degree of desorption for sorbents Purolite S 930 and Lewatit TP 207 exceeds 90%. The use of the Lewatit TP 207 sorbent for the extraction of nickel from the leaching solution of nickel ore of the Gornostaevskoye deposit in 5 cycles made it possible to obtain a commercial desorbate with a nickel content of 18 g/L. The use of a part of the commercial desorbate obtained in the previous cycle, further strengthened to the initial concentration of sulfuric acid, for re-extracting nickel from the saturated sorbent during a cyclic process leads to a deterioration in desorption characteristics. It is recommended to remove the commercial desorbate from the process after several cycles of desorption and supply new solution of sulfuric acid for desorption to restore the sorption parameters.

scholarly journals Hydrometallurgical Process and Economic Evaluation for Recovery of Zinc and Manganese from Spent Alkaline Batteries

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan-Huong Tran ◽  
Kulchaya Tanong ◽  
Ahlame Dalila Jabir ◽  
Guy Mercier ◽  
Jean-François Blais
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hydrometallurgical Process ◽  
Alkaline Batteries ◽  
Metal Form ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Treatment Step

An innovative, efficient, and economically viable process for the recycling of spent alkaline batteries is presented herein. The developed process allows for the selective recovery of Zn and Mn metals present in alkaline batteries. The hydrometallurgical process consists of a physical pre-treatment step for separating out the metal powder containing Zn and Mn, followed by a chemical treatment step for the recovery of these metals. Sulfuric acid was used for the first leaching process to dissolve Zn(II) and Mn(II) into the leachate. After purification, Mn was recovered in the form of MnO2, and Zn in its metal form. Furthermore, during the second sulfuric acid leaching, Na2S2O5 was added for the conversion of Mn(IV) to Mn(II) (soluble in the leachate), allowing Mn to be recovered as MnCO3. Masses of 162 kg of Zn metal and 215 kg of Mn (both in the form of MnO2 and MnCO3) were recovered from one ton of spent alkaline batteries. The direct operating costs (chemicals, labor operation, utilities, energy) and indirect costs (amortization, interest payment) required for a plant treating 8 tons of spent batteries per day was calculated to be $CAD 726 and $CAD 534 per ton, respectively, while the total revenue from the sale of the metals was calculated at $CAD 1359.6 per ton of spent batteries. The development of this type of cost-effective industrial process is necessary for a circular economy, as it contributes to addressing environment- and energy-related issues, and creates opportunities for the economic utilization of metals.

scholarly journals Technical and Economical Substantiation of the Technology of Joint Pyrometallurgical Processing of Oxidized Nickel Ores and Sulfide Copper Ores

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Klyushnikov ◽  
Evgeny N. Selivanov
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Technical Grade ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Production Program ◽  
Nickel Matte ◽  
Copper Nickel ◽  
Nickel Ores ◽  
Oxidized Nickel Ores ◽  
Copper Ores

The technological scheme of processing of nickel and copper ores from the Urals deposits is substantiated, including calcination of oxidized nickel ore with limestone, partial oxidative roasting of sulfide copper ore, blending of calcines with coke, and melting of charge to obtain copper-nickel matte. The implementation of the scheme will increase the complexity of possible uses of raw materials and ensure a high environmental protection level. A feasibility study was carried out for the organization of industrial enterprise, which entailed the joint processing of oxidized nickel ores and sulfide copper ores with a capacity of 700,000 tons per year of a mixture of initial ores, including 400,000 tonnes of nickel ore and 300,000 tonnes of copper ore (dry weight). Finished products are: copper-nickel matte, containing not less than, wt.%: 3.3 Cu, 4.7 Ni, 0.6 Co, 1.5 g/t Au, 2.6 g/t Ag; granular slag containing, wt.%: 0.01–0.02 Ni, 0.01–0.02 Cu, 0.01–0.06 Co, 13–16 Fe, 44–50 SiO2, 13–14 MgO, 4–5 Al 2O3, 9–11 CaO; and technical grade sulfuric acid (mass fraction of monohydrate not less than 92.5 %). The planned enterprise is expected to produce the following annual volumes of finished products (not less than): 94,900 tonnes of matte; 512,300 tonnes of granular slag; and 235,500 tonnes of technical grade sulfuric acid. The estimated period of project implementation is 13 years. The total amount of investment costs is 1407 million roubles, current costs for the annual production program are 3820 million roubles. The financial results of the investment project are characterized by the following indicators: net profit is 5,735.5 million roubles, net discounted income is 1546.6 million roubles, the profitability index of discounted investments is 2.1, the internal rate of return is 36.4 %, and the discounted payback period is 5.5 years. The results indicate the viability and economic efficiency of the project. Keywords: ore, processing, sulfides, oxides, copper, nickel, cobalt, smelting, extraction, products, economy, indicators, efficiency

Nickel Sorption from Sulphate Solutions of Oxidized Nickel Ores Leaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 394-399
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Makovskaya ◽  
Nadezhda I. Bryantseva
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
High Iron ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Satisfactory Performance ◽  
Sorption Leaching ◽  
Nickel Ores ◽  
Oxidized Nickel Ores ◽  
Pulp Process

The possibility of sorption extraction of nickel from leaching solutions of oxidized nickel ores of the Buruktal deposit is considered. Ionite Lewatit TP220 with bis-picolylamine functional groups is effective for nickel recovery against the background of high iron contents. Lewatit TP220 is mechanically strong enough for use in the resin-in-pulp process. Nickel sorption with satisfactory performance occurs both in the variant of sorption leaching and extraction from clarified solutions. At sorption from the pulp, the capacity for nickel was 5.44 mg/g, for iron, 25.17 mg/g. The use of 20% sulfuric acid provides quantitative nickel desorption. To obtain a higher quality nickel-containing product, it is recommended to additionally purify the resulting eluates from iron.

scholarly journals Study on Ultrasonically-Enhanced Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Nickel from Nickel-Containing Residue

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Zhanyong Guo ◽  
Ping Guo ◽  
Guang Su ◽  
Fachuang Li
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Leaching ◽  
Solid Product ◽  
Leaching Process ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Extraction Degree ◽  
Ultrasonic Conditions ◽  
Complex Nickel

In this paper, nickel-containing residue, a typical solid waste produced in the battery production process, was used to study the cavitation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in a liquid–solid reaction. The ultrasonically-enhanced leaching technology for multicomponent and complex nickel-containing residue was studied through systematic ultrasonic-conventional comparative experiments. An ultrasonic leaching kinetics model was established which provided reliable technological guidance and basic theory for the comprehensive utilization of nickel-containing residue. In the study, it was found that ultrasonically-enhanced leaching for 40 min obtained the same result as conventional leaching for 80 min, and the Ni extraction degree reached more than 95%. According to the kinetic fitting of the leaching process, it was found that the sulfuric acid leaching process belonged to the diffusion-controlled model of solid product layers under conventional and ultrasonic conditions, and the activation energy of the reaction was Ea1 = 17.74 kJ/mol and Ea2 = 5.04 kJ/mol, respectively.

scholarly journals Assessing Automated Facial Action Unit Detection Systems for Analyzing Cross-Domain Facial Expression Databases

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 4222
Author(s):  
Shushi Namba ◽  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Masaki Osumi ◽  
Koh Shimokawa
Keyword(s):  
Affective Computing ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Static Mode ◽  
Action Unit ◽  
Facial Action

In the field of affective computing, achieving accurate automatic detection of facial movements is an important issue, and great progress has already been made. However, a systematic evaluation of systems that now have access to the dynamic facial database remains an unmet need. This study compared the performance of three systems (FaceReader, OpenFace, AFARtoolbox) that detect each facial movement corresponding to an action unit (AU) derived from the Facial Action Coding System. All machines could detect the presence of AUs from the dynamic facial database at a level above chance. Moreover, OpenFace and AFAR provided higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values compared to FaceReader. In addition, several confusion biases of facial components (e.g., AU12 and AU14) were observed to be related to each automated AU detection system and the static mode was superior to dynamic mode for analyzing the posed facial database. These findings demonstrate the features of prediction patterns for each system and provide guidance for research on facial expressions.

Simple and cost-effective reduction of graphite oxide by sulfuric acid

Carbon ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 3229-3232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dohyung Kim ◽  
Seung Jae Yang ◽  
Yern Seung Kim ◽  
Haesol Jung ◽  
Chong Rae Park
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Graphite Oxide ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Reduction

Removal of Fe(III) from sulfuric acid leaching solution of phosphate ores with bisphosphonic acids

2021 ◽  
pp. 105799
Author(s):  
Chengjin Xu ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Miaomiao Zhang ◽  
Xiao Meng ◽  
Xiujing Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Leaching ◽  
Leaching Solution ◽  
Bisphosphonic Acids ◽  
Phosphate Ores
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