scholarly journals Effect of LH on prostaglandin F2α and prostaglandin E2 secretion by cultured porcine endometrial cells

Reproduction ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Blitek ◽  
Adam J Ziecik
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Time Dependent Effect

LH appears to be a potent stimulator of the release of endometrial prostaglandins (PGs) in the pig. The aim of the present studies was to examine the effect of LH on PGF2αand PGE2secretion by cultured porcine endometrial cells on days 10–12 and 14–16 of the oestrous cycle and to compare its action with oxytocin. A time-dependent effect of LH (10 ng/ml) on PGF2αrelease from luminal epithelial and stromal cells on days 10–12 was observed (experiment 1). The highest increase in PGF2αsecretion in response to LH was detected in stromal cells after 6 h of incubation (P< 0.001). Epithelial cells responded to LH after a longer exposure time (P< 0.01). A concentration-dependent effect of LH (0.1–100 ng/ml) on PGF2αrelease from stromal cells was examined after 6 h and from epithelial cells after 12 h (experiment 2). Effective concentrations of LH were 10 and 100 ng/ml. LH (10 ng/ml) and oxytocin (100 nmol/l) affected PGF2αand PGE2secretion from endometrial cells on days 10–12 and 14–16 of the oestrous cycle (experiment 3). LH stimulated PGF2αsecretion from both cell types and its action was more potent on days 10–12. LH induced PGE2release, especially in epithelial cells on days 14–16. A stimulatory effect of oxytocin on PGF2αwas confirmed in stromal cells, but this hormone was also shown to enhance PGE2output. These results indicated that LH, like oxytocin, a very effective stimulator of PGF2αrelease, could play an important role in the induction of luteolysis.

scholarly journals Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induces an Endocrine Switch from Prostaglandin F2α to Prostaglandin E2 in Bovine Endometrium

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 1912-1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Herath ◽  
Sonia T. Lilly ◽  
Deborah P. Fischer ◽  
Erin J. Williams ◽  
Hilary Dobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Uterine Disease ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection ◽  
Arachadonic Acid

Escherichia coli infection of the endometrium causes uterine disease after parturition and is associated with prolonged luteal phases of the ovarian cycle in cattle. Termination of the luteal phase is initiated by prostaglandin F2α (PGF) from oxytocin-stimulated endometrial epithelial cells. Compared with normal animals, the peripheral plasma of animals with E. coli infection of the endometrium had higher concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE) but not PGF. Endometrial explants accumulated predominantly PGE in the culture medium in response to LPS, and this effect was not reversed by oxytocin. Endometrial cells expressed the Toll-like receptor 4/CD14/MD-2 receptor complex necessary to detect LPS. Epithelial and stromal cells treated with LPS had higher steady-state media concentrations of PGE rather than PGF. Arachadonic acid is liberated from cell membranes by phospholipase 2 (PLA2) enzymes and converted to prostaglandins by synthase enzymes. Treatment of epithelial and stromal cells with LPS did not change the levels of PGE or PGF synthase enzymes. However, LPS stimulated increased levels of PLA2 group VI but not PLA2 group IV C immunoreactive protein in epithelial cells. Endometrial cells expressed the E prostanoid 2 and E prostanoid 4 receptors necessary to respond to PGE, which regulates inflammation as well as being luteotropic. In conclusion, LPS detection by endometrial cells stimulated the accumulation of PGE rather than PGF, providing a mechanism to explain prolonged luteal phases in animals with uterine disease, and this PGE may also be important for regulating inflammatory responses in the endometrium.

scholarly journals Expression and Function of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in the Endometrial Cells of the Uterus

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 562-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Herath ◽  
Deborah P. Fischer ◽  
Dirk Werling ◽  
Erin J. Williams ◽  
Sonia T. Lilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Female Sex Hormones ◽  
And Function

Prostaglandins have a central role in many endocrine functions in mammals, including regulation of the life span of the corpus luteum by prostaglandin F2α (PGF) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE), which are secreted by the uterine endometrium. However, the uterus is readily infected with bacteria such as Escherichia coli, which disrupt luteolysis. Immune cells detect E. coli by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) binding its pathogenic ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), although signaling requires accessory molecules such as CD14. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of E. coli or LPS on the function of bovine endometrial cells, and whether purified populations of epithelial and stromal cells express the molecules involved in LPS recognition. In addition, because the female sex hormones estradiol and progesterone modify the risk of uterine infection, their effect on the LPS response was investigated. Endometrial explants produced prostaglandins in response to LPS, with an increased ratio of PGE to PGF. Addition of LPS or E. coli to stromal and epithelial cells stimulated production of PGE and PGF and increased their cyclooxygenase 2 mRNA expression. The production of prostaglandins was abrogated by an LPS antagonist. In addition, estradiol and progesterone inhibited the production of PGE and PGF in response to LPS, indicating a role for steroid hormones in the response to bacterial infection. For the first time, Toll-like receptor 4 mRNA and CD14 mRNA and protein were detected in bovine endometrial stromal and epithelial cells by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. In conclusion, epithelial and stromal cells detect and respond to bacteria, which modulate their endocrine function.

Effect of ovarian steroids on basal and oxytocin-induced prostaglandin F2α secretion from pig endometrial cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbo Hu ◽  
Gheorghe T. Braileanu ◽  
Mark A. Mirando
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Exocrine Secretion ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Stimulatory Action ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Oestradiol Treatment ◽  
Luminal Epithelial Cells

These studies were undertaken to determine how treatment with 100 nM progesterone and/or 10 nM oestradiol-17β acutely (3 h; Experiment 1) or chronically (72 h; Experiments 2–4) influenced basal and oxytocin (OT)-stimulated prostaglandin (PG) F2α secretion, in enriched cultures of pig endometrial luminal epithelial, glandular epithelial and stromal cells obtained on Day 16 (Experiments 1, 2 and 4) or Day 12 (Experiment 3) after oestrus. In Experiment 1, acute treatment with progesterone stimulated PGF2α secretion from each cell type on Day 16, whereas acute oestradiol treatment inhibited the stimulatory action of progesterone on PGF2α secretion only in glandular epithelial cells. In Experiment 2, OT stimulated phospholipase (PL) C activity in luminal epithelial cells on Day 16 only in the presence of chronic oestradiol treatment. For glandular epithelial cells on Day 16, OT stimulated PLC activity only in the presence of chronic treatment with steroid. In stromal cells on Day 16, OT stimulated PLC activity in the absence of steroids and the response to OT was further enhanced by oestradiol. In the absence of chronic treatment with steroid, OT did not stimulate PGF2α secretion from luminal epithelial cells, but oestradiol induced a response to OT. For glandular epithelial cells, OT-induced PGF2α secretion was not altered by steroids, whereas the stimulatory response to OT was inhibited by oestradiol or progesterone in stromal cells. For endometrial cells obtained on Day 12 after oestrus in Experiment 3, OT only stimulated PGF2α release from glandular epithelial and stromal cells. For luminal epithelial cells obtained on Day 16 after oestrus and cultured under polarizing conditions in Experiment 4, secretion of PGF2α occurred preferentially from the basolateral surface and was stimulated by OT more from the basolateral surface than from the apical surface. Oxytocin-induced PGF2α secretion from the apical surface was enhanced by chronic treatment with oestradiol, whereas that from the basolateral surface was enhanced by chronic treatment with progesterone. In summary, oestradiol enhanced OT-induced PGF2α secretion from the apical surface of luminal epithelial cells and reduced the response of stromal cells to OT, actions that may contribute to the reorientation of PGF2α from endocrine secretion (i.e. towards the uterine vasculature) to exocrine secretion (i.e. towards the uterine lumen) during pregnancy recognition in pigs.

Immunocytochemical localization of prostaglandin synthase in the ovine uterus during the oestrous cycle and in early pregnancy

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Salamonsen ◽  
JK Findlay
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Ovine Uterus

Prostaglandin (PG) synthase has been localized by immunocytochemistry within the ovine uterus throughout the oestrous cycle and in early pregnancy. On Day 4 of the cycle, PG synthase was located primarily in the stromal cells in caruncular and intercaruncular tissue with little staining in the epithelium. On Days 14 through to 16, the most intense staining was in the luminal epithelial cells (caruncular and intercaruncular) and in epithelial cells of glands close to the uterine lumen. PG synthase was also located in the intercaruncular stromal cells, particularly close to the myometrium. Staining for the enzyme on Day 10 was intermediate between that of Day 4 and Day 14. On Day 15 of pregnancy, the pattern of staining was identical to that on Day 15 of the cycle, with no detectable difference in intensity. When endometrial cells (cycle, Day 14) were cultured with and without ovine trophoblast protein-1 (3 ng mL-1) in vitro, release of PGE and PGF2 alpha was attenuated (54% and 47% of control respectively) but no differences were observed in the intensity of staining for PG synthase in the cells. These results demonstrate marked cyclical changes in the endometrial cell types producing PGs, suggesting differential regulation of PG synthase. In addition, it appears that conceptus-induced changes in PGF2 alpha release do not occur via changes in the concentration or cellular localization of PG synthase, but rather that the activity of the enzyme is modified.

scholarly journals Time-dependent effect of prostaglandin E2 inhalation on airway responses to bronchoconstrictor agents in normal subjects.

Thorax ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 438-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
E H Walters ◽  
C Bevan ◽  
R W Parrish ◽  
B H Davies ◽  
A P Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prostaglandin E2 ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Time Dependent Effect ◽  
Airway Responses

Lysophosphatidic Acid Stimulates Prostaglandin E2 Production in Cultured Stromal Endometrial Cells Through LPA1 Receptor

2009 ◽  
Vol 234 (8) ◽  
pp. 986-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Woclawek-Potocka ◽  
Katarzyna Kondraciuk ◽  
Dariusz Jan Skarzynski
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intracellular Calcium ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Calcium Ion ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Intracellular Calcium Ion

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) has been shown to be a potent modulator of prostaglandin (PG) secretion during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in the bovine endometrium in vivo. The aims of the present study were to determine the cell types of the bovine endometrium (epithelial or stromal cells) responsible for the secretion of PGs in response to LPA, the cellular, receptor, intracellular, and enzymatic mechanisms of LPA action. Cultured bovine epithelial and stromal cells were exposed to LPA (10−5–10−9 M), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα; 10 ng/mL) or oxytocin (OT; 10−7 M) for 24 h. LPA treatment resulted in a dose-dependent increase of PGE2 production in stromal cells, but not in epithelial cells. LPA did not influence PGF2α production in stromal or epithelial cells. To examine which type of LPA G-protein–coupled receptor (LP-GPCR; LPA1, LPA2, or LPA3) is responsible for LPA action, stromal cells were preincubated with three selected blockers of LPA receptors: NAEPA, DGPP, and Ki16425 for 0.5 h, and then stimulated with LPA. Only Ki16425 inhibited the stimulatory effect of LPA on PGE2 production and cell proliferation in the stromal cells. LPA-induced intracellular calcium ion mobilization was also inhibited only by Ki16425. Finally, we examined whether LPA-induced PGE2 synthesis in stromal cells is via the influence on mRNA expression for the enzymes responsible for PGE2 synthesis— PGE 2 synthase ( PGES) and PG-endoperoxide synthase 2 ( PTGS2). We demonstrated that the stimulatory effect of LPA on PGE2 production in stromal cells is via the stimulation of PTGS2 and PGES mRNA expression in the cells. The overall results indicate that LPA stimulates PGE2 production, cell viability, and intracellular calcium ion mobilization in cultured stromal endometrial cells via Ki16425-sensitive LPA1 receptors. Moreover, LPA exerts a stimulatory effect on PGE2 production in stromal cells via the induction of PTGS2 and PGES mRNA expression.

scholarly journals Bovine herpesvirus 4 is tropic for bovine endometrial cells and modulates endocrine function

Reproduction ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaetano Donofrio ◽  
Shan Herath ◽  
Chiara Sartori ◽  
Sandro Cavirani ◽  
Cesidio Filippo Flammini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Bovine Herpesvirus ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Uterine Disease ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Persistently Infected ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Bovine Herpesvirus 4 ◽  
Herpesvirus 4

Bovinepostpartumuterine disease, metritis, affects about 40% of animals and is widely considered to have a bacterial aetiology. Although the γ-herpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) has been isolated from several outbreaks of metritis or abortion, the role of viruses in endometrial pathology and the mechanisms of viral infection of uterine cells are often ignored. The objectives of the present study were to explore the interaction, tropism and outcomes of BoHV-4 challenge of endometrial stromal and epithelial cells. Endometrial stromal and epithelial cells were purified and infected with a recombinant BoHV-4 carrying an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression cassette to monitor the establishment of infection. BoHV-4 efficiently infected both stromal and epithelial cells, causing a strong non-apoptotic cytopathic effect, associated with robust viral replication. The crucial step for the BoHV-4 endometriotropism appeared to be after viral entry as there was enhanced transactivation of the BoHV-4 immediate early 2 gene promoter following transient transfection into the endometrial cells. Infection with BoHV-4 increased cyclooxygenase 2 protein expression and prostaglandin estradiol secretion in endometrial stromal cells, but not epithelial cells. Bovine macrophages are persistently infected with BoHV-4, and co-culture with endometrial stromal cells reactivated BoHV-4 replication in the persistently infected macrophages, suggesting a symbiotic relationship between the cells and virus. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence of cellular and molecular mechanisms, supporting the concept that BoHV-4 is a pathogen associated with uterine disease.

Time-dependent effect of an oral hypoglycemic agent upon serum glucose levels

1973 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 841-851
Author(s):  
Juan J. Gagliardino ◽  
María T. Pessacq ◽  
Oscar Marcote ◽  
Elma E. Gagliardino
Keyword(s):  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Agent ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agent ◽  
Time Dependent Effect
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