scholarly journals Low protein diet and methyl-donor supplements modify testicular physiology in mice

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah L Morgan ◽  
Isaac Ampong ◽  
Nader Eid ◽  
Charlène Rouillon ◽  
Helen R Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Donors ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

The link between male diet and sperm quality has received significant investigation. However, the impact diet and dietary supplements have on the testicular environment has been examined to a lesser extent. Here, we establish the impact of a sub-optimal low protein diet (LPD) on testicular morphology, apoptosis and serum fatty acid profiles. Furthermore, we define whether supplementing a LPD with specific methyl donors abrogates any detrimental effects of the LPD. Male C57BL6 mice were fed either a control normal protein diet (NPD; 18% protein; n = 8), an isocaloric LPD (LPD; 9% protein; n = 8) or an LPD supplemented with methyl donors (MD-LPD; choline chloride, betaine, methionine, folic acid, vitamin B12; n = 8) for a minimum of 7 weeks. Analysis of male serum fatty acid profiles by gas chromatography revealed elevated levels of saturated fatty acids and lower levels of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids in MD-LPD males when compared to NPD and/or LPD males. Testes of LPD males displayed larger seminiferous tubule cross section area when compared to NPD and MD-LPD males, while MD-LPD tubules displayed a larger luminal area. Furthermore, TUNNEL staining revealed LPD males possessed a reduced number of tubules positive for apoptosis, while gene expression analysis showed MD-LPD testes displayed decreased expression of the pro-apoptotic genes Bax, Csap1 and Fas when compared to NPD males. Finally, testes from MD-LPD males displayed a reduced telomere length but increased telomerase activity. These data reveal the significance of sub-optimal nutrition for paternal metabolic and reproductive physiology.

0253 The effect of frequency of supplementing rumen protected unsaturated fatty acids on blood serum fatty acid profiles in beef heifers and lactating cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 120-121
Author(s):  
E. K. Cook ◽  
M. E. Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
R. E. Ricks ◽  
S. K. Duckett ◽  
N. DiLorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid ◽  
Lactating Cows

The effect of frequency of supplementing rumen-protected unsaturated fatty acids on blood serum fatty acid profiles in beef heifers and lactating cows1

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 2977-2985
Author(s):  
E. K. Cook ◽  
M. E. Garcia-Ascolani ◽  
R. E. Ricks ◽  
S. K. Duckett ◽  
G. C. Lamb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Impact of Low Protein and Lysine-deficient Diets on Bone Metabolism (P08-072-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tomé ◽  
Joanna Moro ◽  
Anne Blais ◽  
Catherine Chaumontet ◽  
Patrick Even ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Collagen Synthesis ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Low protein diet and essential amino acid deficient-diet have an impact on body weight and growth and different studies also showed an impact of lysine intake on bone metabolism. Lysine has been shown to promote the absorption of intestinal calcium and to participate in the collagen synthesis through its involvement in the reticulation process of the tropocollagen beams. The assembly of tropocollagen bundle into mature collagen fibers is essential for bone formation and remodeling (civitelli et al, 1992; Fini et al, 2001). The objective of this study was to characterize the impact of low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet on bone metabolism of growing rats. Methods Study 1: 6 group of growing rats were fed for 3 weeks different diet with different content of milk protein at levels of 3%, 5%, 8%, 12%, 15% or 20% (% total energy). Study 2: 7 group of growing rats were fed diets with different lysine content (as % of lysine requirement), for 3 weeks: 15%, 25%, 40%, 60%, 75%, 100% or 170% (% Lysine requirement). Body weight was measured daily. At the end of the experiment, the body composition was analyzed and tissues were removed for measurements of the expression of genes involved in protein and bone metabolism. Statistical analysis was done by variance analysis. Results Rats fed low protein diet (3% and 5% of milk protein), compared to control have a lower growth, with a lower body weight and naso-anal length. This weak growth was associated with a lower lean body mass, and also had an impact on bone metabolism. There was a decrease in the bone mineral density, bone mineral content and femur size, associated with a decrease of markers of bone turnover and formation. The same results on bone metabolism were observed on rats fed the 85% lysine deficient diet. Conclusions Low protein diet and lysine-deficient diet reduce growth and bone metabolism. The impact of low protein diet could be related to the lysine deficiency, which have an impact on the calcium intestinal absorption and on collagen synthesis. Funding Sources INRA, AgroParisTech. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals PSI-32 Impact of titrating levels of dried distillers grains with solubles as a replacement of soybean meal on Boer goat fat quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 254-254
Author(s):  
Linnea Rimmer ◽  
Cassandra K Jones
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Dried Distillers Grains ◽  
Fat Quality ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Due to the rising goat population in the United States, there is growing economic incentive to feed dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) over soybean meal (SBM). However, there is limited knowledge of how this may affect carcass composition. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of titrating levels of DDGS as a replacement of SBM on Boer goat fatty acid profiles. Thirty-two Boer goat kids were fed isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets consisting of 0%, 33%, 66%, and 100% DDGS replacing SBM. There were no detected differences (P > 0.05) in final body weight after a 47-d growth experiment. Goats were slaughtered in a commercial, USDA-inspected facility, backfat samples collected between the 12th and 13th rib, and samples analyzed for fatty acid profile via AOAC Official Method 996.06. Data were analyzed with goat as the experimental unit in a completely randomized design. Dietary treatment did not impact (P > 0.05) the overall fatty acid profile or iodine value (50 to 52 points) of fat samples. This may be because fatty acids go through biohydrogenation by rumen bacteria, limiting the impact of diet on fatty acid profile. That said, increasing levels of DDGS impacted (P = 0.03) both C16:1 and C18:3 in a quadratic manner. Specifically, goats fed 0% and 100% DDGS replacing SBM had higher C16:1 than those fed intermediate levels of DDGS, while the opposite was true for C18:3. No other fatty acid was affected (P > 0.05), nor were there shifts in the ratio of saturated vs. unsaturated, or the total sum of n-3 fatty acids. In summary, fatty acid profiles are not significantly impacted by increasing levels of DDGS in place of SBM, and therefore DDGS can be used in Boer goat diets without impacting fat quality.

Schistosoma japonicum and Trichuris suis infections in pigs fed diets with high and low protein

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. JOHANSEN ◽  
H. O. BØGH ◽  
H. GIVER ◽  
L. ERIKSEN ◽  
P. NANSEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Japonicum ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Trichuris Suis ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Time Of Infection ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the study was to measure the impact of Schistosoma japonicum and Trichuris suis infections in young growing pigs fed low- or high-protein diets. Thirty-two pigs, 6–10 weeks old, were randomly allocated to 2 groups receiving either a high- or a low-protein diet. After 11 weeks half of the pigs from each group were infected with 1500 S. japonicum cercariae and 4000 T. suis eggs. The weight of the pigs was measured throughout the study, and blood and faecal samples were collected every second week from the time of infection. At the time of infection the low-protein pigs had significantly lower mean body weights, haemoglobin and albumin levels compared with the high-protein pigs, and this pattern continued throughout the study. The serum albumin concentration was further significantly reduced in the infected low-protein pigs compared to the non-infected low-protein pigs. Significantly more S. japonicum worms as well as faecal and tissue eggs were found in the low-protein pigs compared with the high-protein pigs. No differences between the 2 diet groups were observed in T. suis establishment rates or faecal egg excretion. We conclude that this low-protein diet increased the establishment rates of S. japonicum, favoured larger deposits of S. japonicum eggs in the liver and faecal egg excretion, reduced weight gains and caused anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia in young growing pigs as compared with a high-protein diet.

scholarly journals Paternal low protein diet affects adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic function in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. H1444-H1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Watkins ◽  
Kevin D. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Impact

Although the association between maternal periconceptional diet and adult offspring health is well characterised, our understanding of the impact of paternal nutrition at the time of conception on offspring phenotype remains poorly defined. Therefore, we determined the effect of a paternal preconception low protein diet (LPD) on adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic health in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either normal protein diet (NPD; 18% casein) or LPD (9% casein) for 7 wk before mating. At birth, a reduced male-to-female ratio ( P = 0.03) and increased male offspring weight ( P = 0.009) were observed in litters from LPD compared with NPD stud males with no differences in mean litter size. LPD offspring were heavier than NPD offspring at 2 and 3 wk of age ( P < 0.02). However, no subsequent differences in body weight were observed. Adult male offspring derived from LPD studs developed relative hypotension (decreased by 9.2 mmHg) and elevated heart rate ( P < 0.05), whereas both male and female offspring displayed vascular dysfunction and impaired glucose tolerance relative to NPD offspring. At cull (24 wk), LPD males had elevated adiposity ( P = 0.04), reduced heart-to-body weight ratio ( P = 0.04), and elevated circulating TNF-α levels ( P = 0.015) compared with NPD males. Transcript expression in offspring heart and liver tissue was reduced for genes involved in calcium signaling ( Adcy, Plcb, Prkcb) and metabolism ( Fto) in LPD offspring ( P < 0.03). These novel data reveal the impact of suboptimal paternal nutrition on adult offspring cardiovascular and metabolic homeostasis, and provide some insight into the underlying regulatory mechanisms.

FP384EFFECT OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID AND MENAQUINONE-7 ON OSTEOPENIA AND SARCOPENIA IN ADENINE AND LOW PROTEIN DIET INDUCED UREMIC RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i162-i163
Author(s):  
SuMi Lee ◽  
Eu Gene Jeong ◽  
Sung Hyun Son ◽  
Hyuck Jae Choi ◽  
Young Ki Son ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Protein

scholarly journals Fetal exposure to a maternal low-protein diet during mid-gestation results in muscle-specific effects on fibre type composition in young rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne E. Mallinson ◽  
Dean V. Sculley ◽  
Jim Craigon ◽  
Richard Plant ◽  
Simon C. Langley-Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Fibre Number ◽  
Type Interaction ◽  
The Impact

This study assessed the impact of reduced dietary protein during specific periods of fetal life upon muscle fibre development in young rats. Pregnant rats were fed a control or low-protein (LP) diet at early (days 0–7 gestation, LPEarly), mid (days 8–14, LPMid), late (days 15–22, LPLate) or throughout gestation (days 0–22, LPAll). The muscle fibre number and composition in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles of the offspring were studied at 4 weeks of age. In the soleus muscle, both the total number and density of fast fibres were reduced in LPMid females (P = 0·004 for both, Diet × Sex × Fibre type interactions), while both the total number and density of glycolytic (non-oxidative) fibres were reduced in LPEarly, LPMid and LPLate (but not LPAll) offspring compared with controls (P < 0·001 for both, Diet × Fibre type interaction). In the gastrocnemius muscle, only the density of oxidative fibres was reduced in LPMid compared with control offspring (P = 0·019, Diet × Fibre type interaction), with the density of slow fibres being increased in LPAll males compared with control (P = 0·024, Diet × Sex × Fibre type interaction). There were little or no effects of maternal diet on fibre type diameters in the two muscles. In conclusion, a maternal low-protein diet mainly during mid-pregnancy reduced muscle fibre number and density in 4-week-old rats, but there were muscle-specific differences in the fibre types affected.

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