scholarly journals Phthalate exposure and reproductive hormone concentrations in pregnancy

Reproduction ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheela Sathyanarayana ◽  
Emily Barrett ◽  
Samantha Butts ◽  
Christina Wang ◽  
Shanna Helen Swan
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Exposures During Pregnancy ◽  
Phthalate Metabolite

Some phthalate chemicals can affect hormone physiology in utero, resulting in adverse reproductive health outcomes in animal models. It is unknown whether these exposures are related to circulating maternal hormone concentrations during pregnancy. We used multivariate linear regression to estimate associations between phthalate metabolite concentrations and concurrent serum-free and total testosterone and estradiol (E2) levels in 180 pregnant women in the Study for Future Families. We also examined associations between prenatal serum hormone concentrations and anogenital outcome in infants. All analyses were adjusted for appropriate confounding variables. Total testosterone, free testosterone, and E2 concentrations ranged from 8 to 406 ng/dl, 0.03 to 1.2 ng/dl, and 529 to 40 600 pg/ml respectively. We observed an inverse association between log-sum di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolite concentrations and lower log-total testosterone concentrations (−0.15, 95% CI −0.26, −0.04) and log-free testosterone (−0.15, 95% CI −0.27, −0.03). This relationship persisted regardless of fetal sex. Similarly, we observed an inverse association between log monobutyl phthalate (MBP) concentrations and log-total and -free testosterone concentrations in women carrying male fetuses. Monoethyl phthalate (MEP) concentrations were positively associated with log-total and -free testosterone concentrations in women carrying male fetuses (0.09, 95% CI 0.003, 0.17 and 0.10, 95% CI 0.01, 0.19 respectively). Prenatal hormone concentrations were not significantly associated with infant anogenital outcomes. Our preliminary data suggest that DEHP metabolite, MBP, and MEP exposures during pregnancy are associated with prenatal sex steroid hormone concentrations, but sex steroid hormone concentrations were not associated with infant reproductive outcomes.

scholarly journals Early Prenatal Phthalate Exposure, Sex Steroid Hormones, and Birth Outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 1870-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheela Sathyanarayana ◽  
Samantha Butts ◽  
Christina Wang ◽  
Emily Barrett ◽  
Ruby Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Lower Prevalence ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Phthalate Exposure ◽  
Ethyl Hexyl ◽  
Phthalate Metabolite ◽  
Male Genital

Abstract Context: Adequate sex steroid hormone concentrations are essential for normal fetal genital development in early pregnancy. Our previous study demonstrated an inverse relationship between third-trimester di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate exposure and total testosterone (TT) concentrations. Here, we examine early-pregnancy phthalates, sex steroid hormone concentrations, and newborn reproductive outcomes. Design: We examined associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in early pregnancy and serum free testosterone (FT), TT, estrone (E1), and estradiol (E2) in 591 woman/infant dyads in The Infant Development and Environment Study; we also examined relationships between hormones and newborn genital outcomes using multiple regression models with covariate adjustment. Results: E1 and E2 concentrations were 15% to 30% higher in relation to 1-unit increases in log monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate, and mono-2-ethyl-5-oxy-hexyl phthalate concentrations, and E2 was 15% higher in relation to increased log monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP). FT concentrations were 12% lower in relation to 1-unit increases in log mono(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP) and mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate concentrations. Higher maternal FT was associated with a 25% lower prevalence of having a male genital abnormality at birth. Conclusions: The positive relationships between MiBP, MBzP, and DEHP metabolites and E1/E2 are unique and suggest a positive estrogenic effect in early pregnancy. The inverse relationship between MCNP and DEHP metabolites and serum FT supports previous work examining phthalate/testosterone relationships later in pregnancy. Higher FT in relation to a 25% lower prevalence of male genital abnormalities confirms the importance of testosterone in early fetal development.

scholarly journals Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and serum hormone levels in pre- and perimenopausal women from the Midlife Women’s Health Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 106633
Author(s):  
Catheryne Chiang ◽  
Diana C. Pacyga ◽  
Rita S. Strakovsky ◽  
Rebecca L. Smith ◽  
Tamarra James-Todd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Perimenopausal Women ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Phthalate Metabolite

Pelvic floor sex steroid hormone receptors, distribution and expression in pre- and postmenopausal stress urinary incontinent women

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1377-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Westergren Söderberg ◽  
Bengt Johansson ◽  
Britt Masironi ◽  
Birgitta Byström ◽  
Christian Falconer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Steroid Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone

Immunolocalization of sex steroid hormone receptors in the canine uterine tube and their relation to sex steroid hormone levels

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Vermeirsch ◽  
Wim Van Den Broeck ◽  
Mark Coryn ◽  
Paul Simoens
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Steroid Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Uterine Tube

The aim of this immunohistochemical study was to describe the cellular distribution of the estrogen receptor-α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) in canine uterine tubes. Samples of uterine tubes were taken from dogs in different stages of the estrous cycle, and dogs that were pregnant or had just delivered. Nuclear staining for sex steroid hormone receptors was observed in the surface epithelium, stromal cells and smooth muscle cells of the muscular layer. Only slight differences in staining pattern were observed between the ampulla and fimbriae. The staining for ERα and PR showed changes throughout the estrous cycle. Some of these changes were related to changing concentrations of sex steroid hormones. High staining scores for ERα and PR were found during proestrus and low scores during early metestrus. The staining for AR showed only minor cyclic changes. However, during proestrus and estrus, cytoplasmic staining for AR was observed in differentiated secretory epithelial cells, when nuclear staining in these cells was nearly absent. For the three hormone receptors, stromal cells generally stained with a higher intensity than epithelial cells. It is likely that many steroid hormone actions on the epithelium are mediated through stromal cells. During pregnancy, rather high staining scores were found for ERα and AR in the uterine tube. This is in contrast to observations in the canine pregnant uterus.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Chromosome Mapping of Reptilian Estrogen Receptors

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (12) ◽  
pp. 5710-5720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinao Katsu ◽  
Kazumi Matsubara ◽  
Satomi Kohno ◽  
Yoichi Matsuda ◽  
Michihisa Toriba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Steroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Ligand Interactions ◽  
Rat Snake

In many vertebrates, steroid hormones are essential for ovarian differentiation during a critical developmental stage as well as promoting the growth and differentiation of the adult female reproductive system. Although studies have been extensively conducted in mammals and a few fish, amphibians, and bird species, the molecular mechanisms of sex steroid hormone (estrogens) action have been poorly examined in reptiles. Here, we evaluate hormone receptor and ligand interactions in two species of snake, the Okinawa habu (Protobothrops flavoviridis, Viperidae) and the Japanese four-striped rat snake (Elaphe quadrivirgata, Colubridae) after the isolation of cDNAs encoding estrogen receptor α (ESR1) and estrogen receptor β (ESR2). Using a transient transfection assay with mammalian cells, the transcriptional activity of reptilian (Okinawa habu, Japanese four-striped rat snake, American alligator, and Florida red-belly freshwater turtle) ESR1 and ESR2 was examined. All ESR proteins displayed estrogen-dependent activation of transcription via an estrogen-response element-containing promoter; however, the responsiveness to various estrogens was different. Further, we determined the chromosomal locations of the snake steroid hormone receptor genes. ESR1 and ESR2 genes were localized to the short and long arms of chromosome 1, respectively, whereas androgen receptor was localized to a pair of microchromosomes in the two snake species examined. These data provide basic tools that allow future studies examining receptor-ligand interactions and steroid endocrinology in snakes and also expands our knowledge of sex steroid hormone receptor evolution.

scholarly journals Long-term valproate treatment induces changes in ovarian morphology and serum sex steroid hormone levels in female Wistar rats

Seizure ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 490-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Taubøll ◽  
Jouko I.T. Isojärvi ◽  
Hanne Flinstad Harbo ◽  
Arto J. Pakarinen ◽  
Leif Gjerstad
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Ovarian Morphology ◽  
Female Wistar Rats
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