scholarly journals Effects of streptozotocin- and alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus on mouse follicular and early embryo development

Reproduction ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Diamond ◽  
K. H. Moley ◽  
A. Pellicer ◽  
W. K. Vaughn ◽  
A. H. DeCherney
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo Development

Erratum to: 4 INFLUENCE OF A MATERNAL DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 ON LIPID AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN RABBIT PRE-IMPLANTATION EMBRYOS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
M. Schindler ◽  
M. Pendzialek ◽  
T. Plösch ◽  
J. M. Knelangen ◽  
J. Gürke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Maternal Diabetes Mellitus

The incidence of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic levels worldwide. Even more alarming is the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases in younger children and adolescents. The rate of women with diabetes mellitus in child-bearing age is rising, too. According to the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) paradigm, exposure to a hyperglycaemic environment in utero may programme physiology and metabolism permanently, with long-term consequences for offspring health. Experimental evidence indicates that programming of obesity does occur during early embryo development, a period where many women are unaware of pregnancy. To study effects of maternal diabetes mellitus on early embryo development, we induced a type I diabetes through alloxan treatment of female rabbits. In diabetic rabbits, the triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were altered in serum and the cholesterol concentration in the uterine secretions was elevated. Lipid content of 6-day-old blastocysts was analysed after Oil Red staining and whole mount histochemistry or with Nile Red by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Analysis by FACS revealed an approximately 2-fold increase in lipid droplets in blastocysts grown under diabetic conditions. The expression of genes important for lipid metabolism, such as fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), were determined by real-time PCR and showed distinct differences between diabetic and control blastocysts. Immunohistochemical staining of FABP4 was clearly increased in blastocysts grown under diabetic conditions and showed a cell lineage-specific distribution. Two transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ, with key functions in lipid metabolism and adipogenic differentiation, were increased in blastocysts from diabetic rabbits. We show that maternal diabetes mellitus leads to alteration in lipid metabolism and to triglyceride accumulation in blastocysts. Its long-lasting consequences (e.g. for adipose cell differentiation) need attention and further investigation.

scholarly journals Erratum to: 4 INFLUENCE OF A MATERNAL DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 ON LIPID AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM IN RABBIT PRE-IMPLANTATION EMBRYOS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
M. Schindler ◽  
M. Pendzialek ◽  
T. Plösch ◽  
J. M. Knelangen ◽  
J. Gürke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Maternal Diabetes Mellitus

The incidence of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic levels worldwide. Even more alarming is the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases in younger children and adolescents. The rate of women with diabetes mellitus in child-bearing age is rising, too. According to the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) paradigm, exposure to a hyperglycaemic environment in utero may programme physiology and metabolism permanently, with long-term consequences for offspring health. Experimental evidence indicates that programming of obesity does occur during early embryo development, a period where many women are unaware of pregnancy. To study effects of maternal diabetes mellitus on early embryo development, we induced a type I diabetes through alloxan treatment of female rabbits. In diabetic rabbits, the triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were altered in serum and the cholesterol concentration in the uterine secretions was elevated. Lipid content of 6-day-old blastocysts was analysed after Oil Red staining and whole mount histochemistry or with Nile Red by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Analysis by FACS revealed an approximately 2-fold increase in lipid droplets in blastocysts grown under diabetic conditions. The expression of genes important for lipid metabolism, such as fatty acid transport protein 4 (FATP4), fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL), were determined by real-time PCR and showed distinct differences between diabetic and control blastocysts. Immunohistochemical staining of FABP4 was clearly increased in blastocysts grown under diabetic conditions and showed a cell lineage-specific distribution. Two transcription factors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and PPARγ, with key functions in lipid metabolism and adipogenic differentiation, were increased in blastocysts from diabetic rabbits. We show that maternal diabetes mellitus leads to alteration in lipid metabolism and to triglyceride accumulation in blastocysts. Its long-lasting consequences (e.g. for adipose cell differentiation) need attention and further investigation.

Minor Splicing Factors Zrsr1 and Zrsr2 Essential for Gametogenesis, Early Embryo Development and Conversion of Stem Cells into 2C-Like

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Gómez-Redondo ◽  
Priscila Ramos-Ibeas ◽  
Eva Pericuesta ◽  
Benjamín Planells ◽  
Raul Fernández-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Splicing Factors ◽  
Early Embryo Development

scholarly journals LIN28 coordinately promotes nucleolar/ribosomal functions and represses the 2C-like transcriptional program in pluripotent stem cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Sun ◽  
Hua Yu ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Tianyu Tan ◽  
Hongru Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Transcriptional Program ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Nucleolar Stress

AbstractLIN28 is an RNA binding protein with important roles in early embryo development, stem cell differentiation/reprogramming, tumorigenesis and metabolism. Previous studies have focused mainly on its role in the cytosol where it interacts with Let-7 microRNA precursors or mRNAs, and few have addressed LIN28’s role within the nucleus. Here, we show that LIN28 displays dynamic temporal and spatial expression during murine embryo development. Maternal LIN28 expression drops upon exit from the 2-cell stage, and zygotic LIN28 protein is induced at the forming nucleolus during 4-cell to blastocyst stage development, to become dominantly expressed in the cytosol after implantation. In cultured pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), loss of LIN28 led to nucleolar stress and activation of a 2-cell/4-cell-like transcriptional program characterized by the expression of endogenous retrovirus genes. Mechanistically, LIN28 binds to small nucleolar RNAs and rRNA to maintain nucleolar integrity, and its loss leads to nucleolar phase separation defects, ribosomal stress and activation of P53 which in turn binds to and activates 2C transcription factor Dux. LIN28 also resides in a complex containing the nucleolar factor Nucleolin (NCL) and the transcriptional repressor TRIM28, and LIN28 loss leads to reduced occupancy of the NCL/TRIM28 complex on the Dux and rDNA loci, and thus de-repressed Dux and reduced rRNA expression. Lin28 knockout cells with nucleolar stress are more likely to assume a slowly cycling, translationally inert and anabolically inactive state, which is a part of previously unappreciated 2C-like transcriptional program. These findings elucidate novel roles for nucleolar LIN28 in PSCs, and a new mechanism linking 2C program and nucleolar functions in PSCs and early embryo development.

scholarly journals Geminin deletion in mouse oocytes results in impaired embryo development and reduced fertility

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 768-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Shan Ma ◽  
Fei Lin ◽  
Zhong-Wei Wang ◽  
Meng-Wen Hu ◽  
Lin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Primordial Follicle ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Cell Cycle Checkpoint ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Cycle Checkpoint ◽  
Oocyte Meiotic Maturation ◽  
Zygote Stage

Geminin controls proper centrosome duplication, cell division, and differentiation. We investigated the function of geminin in oogenesis, fertilization, and early embryo development by deleting the geminin gene in oocytes from the primordial follicle stage. Oocyte-specific disruption of geminin results in low fertility in mice. Even though there was no evident anomaly of oogenesis, oocyte meiotic maturation, natural ovulation, or fertilization, early embryo development and implantation were impaired. The fertilized eggs derived from mutant mice showed developmental delay, and many were blocked at the late zygote stage. Cdt1 protein was decreased, whereas Chk1 and H2AX phosphorylation was increased, in fertilized eggs after geminin depletion. Our results suggest that disruption of maternal geminin may decrease Cdt1 expression and cause DNA rereplication, which then activates the cell cycle checkpoint and DNA damage repair and thus impairs early embryo development.

scholarly journals The Potential Roles of the G1LEA and G3LEA Proteins in Early Embryo Development and in Response to Low Temperature and High Salinity in Artemia sinica

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0162272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Feng Yao ◽  
Mengchen Zhang ◽  
Ting Jing ◽  
Shuang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Artemia Sinica ◽  
Early Embryo Development

Early embryo development anomalies identified by time-lapse system: prevalence and impacting factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Ferraretto ◽  
Karima Hammas ◽  
Marie-Astrid Llabador ◽  
Solenne Gricourt ◽  
Julie Labrosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Early Embryo Development ◽  
Impacting Factors

Nutritional Status Impacts Epigenetic Regulation in Early Embryo Development: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Cai ◽  
Shuang Quan ◽  
Guangxin Yang ◽  
Meixia Chen ◽  
Qianhong Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Epigenetic Modifications ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Early Embryo Development

ABSTRACTWith the increasing maternal age and the use of assisted reproductive technology in various countries worldwide, the influence of epigenetic modification on embryonic development is increasingly notable and prominent. Epigenetic modification disorders caused by various nutritional imbalance would cause embryonic development abnormalities and even have an indelible impact on health in adulthood. In this scoping review, we summarize the main epigenetic modifications in mammals and the synergies among different epigenetic modifications, especially DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and histone methylation. We performed an in-depth analysis of the regulation of various epigenetic modifications on mammals from zygote formation to cleavage stage and blastocyst stage, and reviewed the modifications of key sites and their potential molecular mechanisms. In addition, we discuss the effects of nutrition (protein, lipids, and one-carbon metabolism) on epigenetic modification in embryos and emphasize the importance of various nutrients in embryonic development and epigenetics during pregnancy. Failures in epigenetic regulation have been implicated in mammalian and human early embryo loss and disease. With the use of reproductive technologies, it is becoming even more important to establish developmentally competent embryos. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the extent to which embryos are sensitive to these epigenetic modifications and nutrition status. Understanding the epigenetic regulation of early embryo development will help us make better use of reproductive technologies and nutrition regulation to improve reproductive health in mammals.

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