scholarly journals Advances in paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma cell lines and xenografts

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. R433-R450
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Bayley ◽  
Peter Devilee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Strong Recommendation ◽  
Organoid Culture ◽  
Disease Mechanisms ◽  
Pheochromocytoma Cell ◽  
Cell Line Derivation

This review describes human and rodent-derived cell lines and xenografts developed over the last five decades that are suitable or potentially suitable models for paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma research. We outline the strengths and weaknesses of various models and emphasize the recurring theme that, despite the major challenges involved, more effort is required in the search for valid human and animal cell models of paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma, particularly those relevant to cancers carrying a mutation in one of the succinate dehydrogenase genes. Despite many setbacks, the recent development of a potentially important new model, the RS0 cell line, gives reason for optimism regarding the future of models in the paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma field. We also note that classic approaches to cell line derivation such as SV40-mediated immortalization and newer approaches such as organoid culture or iPSCs have been insufficiently explored. As many existing cell lines have been poorly characterized, we provide recommendations for reporting of paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma cell lines, including the strong recommendation that cell lines are made widely available via the ATCC or a similar cell repository. Basic research in paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma is currently transitioning from the analysis of genetics to the analysis of disease mechanisms and the clinically exploitable vulnerabilities of tumors. A successful transition will require many more disease-relevant human and animal models to ensure continuing progress.

scholarly journals Establishment of a novel human CIC-DUX4 sarcoma cell line, Kitra-SRS, with autocrine IGF-1R activation and metastatic potential to the lungs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Nakai ◽  
Shutaro Yamada ◽  
Hidetatsu Outani ◽  
Takaaki Nakai ◽  
Naohiro Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Metastatic Potential ◽  
Original Tumour

Abstract Approximately 60–70% of EWSR1-negative small blue round cell sarcomas harbour a rearrangement of CIC, most commonly CIC-DUX4. CIC-DUX4 sarcoma (CDS) is an aggressive and often fatal high-grade sarcoma appearing predominantly in children and young adults. Although cell lines and their xenograft models are essential tools for basic research and development of antitumour drugs, few cell lines currently exist for CDS. We successfully established a novel human CDS cell line designated Kitra-SRS and developed orthotopic tumour xenografts in nude mice. The CIC-DUX4 fusion gene in Kitra-SRS cells was generated by t(12;19) complex chromosomal rearrangements with an insertion of a chromosome segment including a DUX4 pseudogene component. Kitra-SRS xenografts were histologically similar to the original tumour and exhibited metastatic potential to the lungs. Kitra-SRS cells displayed autocrine activation of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)/IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathway. Accordingly, treatment with the IGF-1R inhibitor, linsitinib, attenuated Kitra-SRS cell growth and IGF-1-induced activation of IGF-1R/AKT signalling both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, upon screening 1134 FDA-approved drugs, the responses of Kitra-SRS cells to anticancer drugs appeared to reflect those of the primary tumour. Our model will be a useful modality for investigating the molecular pathology and therapy of CDS.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of SWI/SNF Inactivation in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Models

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3712
Author(s):  
Paola Peinado ◽  
Alvaro Andrades ◽  
Marta Cuadros ◽  
Maria Isabel Rodriguez ◽  
Isabel F. Coira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Mutational Status

Mammalian SWI/SNF (SWitch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable) complexes are ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers whose subunits have emerged among the most frequently mutated genes in cancer. Studying SWI/SNF function in cancer cell line models has unveiled vulnerabilities in SWI/SNF-mutant tumors that can lead to the discovery of new therapeutic drugs. However, choosing an appropriate cancer cell line model for SWI/SNF functional studies can be challenging because SWI/SNF subunits are frequently altered in cancer by various mechanisms, including genetic alterations and post-transcriptional mechanisms. In this work, we combined genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic approaches to study the mutational status and the expression levels of the SWI/SNF subunits in a panel of 38 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell lines. We found that the SWI/SNF complex was mutated in more than 76% of our LUAD cell lines and there was a high variability in the expression of the different SWI/SNF subunits. These results underline the importance of the SWI/SNF complex as a tumor suppressor in LUAD and the difficulties in defining altered and unaltered cell models for the SWI/SNF complex. These findings will assist researchers in choosing the most suitable cellular models for their studies of SWI/SNF to bring all of its potential to the development of novel therapeutic applications.

The cell line data base and the new catalogue: Detailed information on 2650 human and animal cell lines

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. S130-S133 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manniello ◽  
O. Aresu ◽  
B. Parodi ◽  
P. Romano ◽  
B. Iannotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Base ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Animal Cell

scholarly journals Recent developments of the cell line integrated molecular authentication database

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo D Romano ◽  
Paola Visconti ◽  
Barbara Parodi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Cell Line Authentication ◽  
Molecular Authentication ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Str Profile ◽  
Frequent Event ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cell Banks

Cross-contamination of human and animal cell lines is a frequent event. For this reason, the results obtained with the same cell lines by different research groups are often not fully comparable, this leading to main reproducibility issues. The short tandem repeat (STR) profile has been proposed as a molecular method for cell line authentication. STR profile standard data sets for human cell lines were proposed by some of the leading cell banks worldwide which also have made the results of STR profiling of their cell lines available on-line. We have built the Cell Line Integrated Molecular Authentication Database (CLIMA) as a reference portal where authentication data are made available to the scientific community. This system, although already largely utilized by researchers from all over the world, presented some limitations and only included a limited amount of STR profiles. Here, we present its most recent developments: the inclusion of additional cell banks and profiles and the availability of a new identification tool.

scholarly journals Interlab Cell Line Collection: Bioresource of Established Human and Animal Cell Lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Parodi ◽  
Ottavia Aresu ◽  
Paola Visconti ◽  
Maria Assunta Manniello ◽  
Paolo Strada
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Animal Cell

scholarly journals Local assembly of long reads enables phylogenomics of transposable elements in a polyploid cell line

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunhua Han ◽  
Guilherme B. Dias ◽  
Preston J. Basting ◽  
Raghuvir Viswanatha ◽  
Norbert Perrimon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Polyploid Cell ◽  
Long Read

Animal cell lines cultured for extended periods often undergo extreme genome restructuring events, including polyploidy and segmental aneuploidy that can impede de novo whole-genome assembly (WGA). In Drosophila, many established cell lines also exhibit massive proliferation of transposable elements (TEs) relative to wild-type flies. To better understand the role of transposition during long-term animal somatic cell culture, we sequenced the genome of the tetraploid Drosophila S2R+ cell line using long-read and linked-read technologies. Relative to comparable data from inbred whole flies, WGAs for S2R+ were highly fragmented and generated variable estimates of TE content across sequencing and assembly technologies. We therefore developed a novel WGA-independent bioinformatics method called "TELR" that identifies, locally assembles, and estimates allele frequency of TEs from long-read sequence data (https://github.com/bergmanlab/telr). Application of TELR to a ~130x PacBio dataset for S2R+ revealed many haplotype-specific TE insertions that arose by somatic transposition in cell culture after initial cell line establishment and subsequent tetraploidization. Local assemblies from TELR also allowed phylogenetic analysis of paralogous TE copies within the S2R+ genome, which revealed that proliferation of different TE families during cell line evolution in vitro can be driven by single or multiple source lineages. Our work provides a model for the analysis of TEs in complex heterozygous or polyploid genomes that are not amenable to WGA and yields new insights into the mechanisms of genome evolution in animal cell culture.

scholarly journals The Curious Case of the HepG2 Cell Line: 40 Years of Expertise

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 13135
Author(s):  
Viktoriia A. Arzumanian ◽  
Olga I. Kiseleva ◽  
Ekaterina V. Poverennaya
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Hepg2 Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Hepg2 Cell Line ◽  
Wide Range

Liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Representing such a dramatic impact on our lives, liver cancer is a significant public health concern. Sustainable and reliable methods for preventing and treating liver cancer require fundamental research on its molecular mechanisms. Cell lines are treated as in vitro equivalents of tumor tissues, making them a must-have for basic research on the nature of cancer. According to recent discoveries, certified cell lines retain most genetic properties of the original tumor and mimic its microenvironment. On the other hand, modern technologies allowing the deepest level of detail in omics landscapes have shown significant differences even between samples of the same cell line due to cross- and mycoplasma infection. This and other observations suggest that, in some cases, cell cultures are not suitable as cancer models, with limited predictive value for the effectiveness of new treatments. HepG2 is a popular hepatic cell line. It is used in a wide range of studies, from the oncogenesis to the cytotoxicity of substances on the liver. In this regard, we set out to collect up-to-date information on the HepG2 cell line to assess whether the level of heterogeneity of the cell line allows in vitro biomedical studies as a model with guaranteed production and quality.

303 THE MODIFIED CULTURE SYSTEM OF PORCINE IN VITRO PRODUCTION IMPROVES COLONIZATION OF PUTATIVE EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
S. A. Cheong ◽  
S. S. Kwak ◽  
Y. Jeon ◽  
J. D. Yoon ◽  
S. H. Hyun
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Attachment Rate ◽  
Blastocyst Quality ◽  
Cell Line Derivation ◽  
Colonization Rates

The establishment of porcine embryonic stem cells (pESC) using in vitro-produced blastocysts derived from IVF, parthenogenesis (PA), and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have a great potential. However, porcine in vitro-produced blastocysts show a lower quality than do in vivo-derived blastocysts. In this study, to improve in vitro-derived blastocyst quality, and then to establish pESC, we treated IVF embryos and PA embryos with resveratrol (RES), porcine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (pGM-CSF), and β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME). The control system was produced using M199 medium in in vitro maturation (IVM) and porcine zygote medium-3 (PZM3) in in vitro culture (IVC). The modified group was produced using M199 with 2 µM RES in IVM and PZM5 with 10 ng mL–1 pGM-CSF, 2 µM RES, and 10 µM β-ME in IVC. Data were analysed with SPSS 17.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) using Duncan’s multiple range test. In total, 1210 PA, 612 IVF, and 5 SCNT embryos were evaluated (for SCNT, we examined only the control system). We observed that overall blastocyst quality was increased. The blastocyst formation rates were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the modified system (54.5%) compared with the control system (43.4%) in PA and hatched blastocysts rates at Day 6 and 7 were also increased significantly. Total blastocyst cell numbers were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the modified system (55.1) compared with the control system (45.6). Hatching rate of Day 7 IVF blastocysts was also significantly increased. After seeding porcine blastocysts, the attachment rates were higher in the modified system (32.2% in PA and 36.2% in IVF; not examined in SCNT) than the control system (19.5% in PA, 26.6% in IVF, and 40.0% in SCNT). In addition, colonization rates and cell line derivation rates were higher in the modified system than in the control system. Colonization rates of modified system were 13.1% for PA and 17.75% for IVF embryos, whereas the control system generated 2.4% for PA, 10.8% for IVF, and 20.0% for SCNT. We also investigated the correlation between blastocyst state and attachment rate. The highest attachment rate is in hatched blastocyst (78.35 ± 15.74%). Therefore, the modified system increased quality of porcine blastocysts in vitro produced, and subsequently increased attachment rates. The cell line derivation rates were 2.4% (PA), 4.2% (IVF), and 20.0% (SCNT) in control group. In modified system, they were 7.2% (PA) and 10.0% (IVF). We established 3 cell lines from PA blastocysts (1 cell line in control system and 2 cell lines in modified system) and 1 cell line from SCNT-control system. All cell lines showed alkaline phosphatase activity and expressed pluripotent markers. In conclusion, the modified system of IVM and IVC (the treatment of RES during IVM and RES, β-ME, and pGM-CSF during IVC) increased quality of in vitro-produced porcine blastocysts, and subsequently increased derivation rates of putative pESC. This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (#2012004885).

scholarly journals Sex Chromosomes Are Severely Disrupted in Gastric Cancer Cell Lines

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4598
Author(s):  
Sooeun Oh ◽  
Kyoungmi Min ◽  
Myungshin Kim ◽  
Suk Kyeong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Extra Copy ◽  
The Status

Sex has not received enough attention as an important biological variable in basic research, even though the sex of cells often affects cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and response to stimulation. Knowing and considering the sex of cells used in basic research is essential as preclinical and clinical studies are planned based on basic research results. Cell lines derived from tumor have been widely used for proof-of-concept experiments. However, cell lines may have limitations in testing the effect of sex on cell level, as chromosomal abnormality is the single most characteristic feature of tumor. To examine the status of sex chromosomes in a cell line, 12 commercially available gastric carcinoma (GC) cell lines were analyzed using several different methods. Loss of Y chromosome (LOY) accompanied with X chromosome duplication was found in three (SNU-484, KATO III, and MKN-1) out of the six male-derived cell lines, while one cell line (SNU-638) showed at least partial deletion in the Y chromosome. Two (SNU-5 and MKN-28) out of six female-derived cell lines showed a loss of one X chromosome, while SNU-620 gained one extra copy of the X chromosome, resulting in an XXX karyotype. We found that simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based sex determination gives a clue for LOY for male-derived cells, but it does not provide detailed information for the gain or loss of the X chromosome. Our results suggest that carefully examining the sex chromosome status of cell lines is necessary before using them to test the effect of sex on cell level.

scholarly journals Recent developments of the cell line integrated molecular authentication database

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo D Romano ◽  
Paola Visconti ◽  
Barbara Parodi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Cell Line Authentication ◽  
Molecular Authentication ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Str Profile ◽  
Frequent Event ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cell Banks

Cross-contamination of human and animal cell lines is a frequent event. For this reason, the results obtained with the same cell lines by different research groups are often not fully comparable, this leading to main reproducibility issues. The short tandem repeat (STR) profile has been proposed as a molecular method for cell line authentication. STR profile standard data sets for human cell lines were proposed by some of the leading cell banks worldwide which also have made the results of STR profiling of their cell lines available on-line. We have built the Cell Line Integrated Molecular Authentication Database (CLIMA) as a reference portal where authentication data are made available to the scientific community. This system, although already largely utilized by researchers from all over the world, presented some limitations and only included a limited amount of STR profiles. Here, we present its most recent developments: the inclusion of additional cell banks and profiles and the availability of a new identification tool.

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